Ngelishwa, yile ndawo abaninzi abantu baseMelika abakhona. Ibhalansi ye-akhawunti yomhlalaphantsi i-$ 12,000 kuphela kwimindeni yasemva komhlalaphantsi, ngokutsho kweSizwe seSizwe soKhuselo lwezeMhlala-phantsi.
Akumangalisi ukuba uphando lwe-Retirement Confidence Survey oluvela kwi-Employee Benefits Research Institute (EBRI) libika ukuba kuphela iipesenti ezingama-22 zabasebenzi banethemba lokuba baya kuba nomhlalaphantsi okhuselekileyo.
Ukuba ufumanisa kule ndawo, lixesha lokuyeka ukukhathazeka nokwenza into.
UJohn Sweeney, umongameli oyintloko wongomhlala-phantsi kunye neendlela zokutyalomali kwi-Fidelity Investments, othelekisa ukulungiselela ukutyelelwa nogqirha wakho emva kokuhamba ixesha elide phakathi kokuqeshwa. Uyazi ukuba mhlawumbi uya kukuxelela ukuba utshintshe ukutya kwakho kunye nokuzivocavoca, "utsho. "Kodwa isizathu sokuba ugqirha uya kukuxelela oko kukuba ungabuya kwindlela."
Cinga ngezi ngcebiso malunga nomyalelo wakho wokubuyisela ulawulo lwekamva lakho lemali.
Fumana icebo
Nguwuphi uhluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo bantu abaziva benethemba ngokuthatha umhlalaphantsi wabo, kunye nabangenalo ukuzithemba? Ngokutsho kwe-EBRI kuthatha inxaxheba kwisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi somsebenzi, njengama- 401 (k) .
Oku kunengqiqo. Xa usesikweni somsebenzi, ugcina ngokuzenzekelayo, ngemali ephuma kuyo yonke imali yokuhlawula. Ukuba unesicwangciso esifikiweyo kuwe kwaye ungabhaliswanga, biza umphathi weenzuzo namhlanje.
Ukuba awunaso icebo elikhoyo, unokwenza ngokwakho nge- IRA okanye i-Roth IRA , kwaye uyibeke ukuze imali ihanjiswe kwi-akhawunti yakho yokukhangela kunye nokugcinwa kwakho komhlala phantsi rhoqo ngenyanga.
Ukuba uneminyaka engaphantsi kwama-50, umrhumo wenyanga wama-458.33 uza kukufumana kwi-$ 5500 epheleleyo yegalelo ye-IRA ekupheleni konyaka; ukuba uneminyaka engama-50 kunye, inombolo yakho yi-$ 551.66 (kuba ubuninzi bakho buyi-$ 6500, kuquka negalelo le-$ 1,000 lokubamba).
Yaye ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba uza kutsalwa phi imali? Khangela isikhwama somhlala-phantsi somhla wokufumana umhlala-phantsi oza kuthatha umxube ofanelekileyo wotyalo-mali obeneminyaka yakho kunye nomhla wokuthatha umhlala-phantsi oqikelelweyo.
Sebenza ixesha elide
Ngaphandle kokulondoloza ngokuzenzekelayo, into efanelekileyo kakhulu ongayenza kweli nqanaba kukunyusa ixesha lokusebenza ngalo.
Masithi uneminyaka engama-55, kwaye unenjongo yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwi-62. Ukuba uqala ukuyigcina ngoku, ungaphinda uxhase umrhumo wakho kuma-20 epesenti yakho yengeniso kwiminyaka esixhenxe ezayo-kodwa loo nto ayiyi kuba nefuthe esebenza eminye iminyaka emithathu de kube neminyaka engama-65, uthi u-Sweeney, okanye iminyaka eyisibhozo ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka engama-70. Kungekuphela nje ukuba enye into emithathu okanye yesibhozo yokwenza imali ongayinayo kwingxowa-mali yakho yomhlalaphantsi, kodwa nayo iyiminyaka embalwa yomhlalaphantsi oza bafuna i ngeniso.
Enye i-perk yokulinda de 70 ukuba ithathe umhlalaphantsi? I-Fatter ihlolisisa kwi-Social Security. Unyaka ngamnye unqamle ukuqala ukuKhuselwa koLuntu ukusuka kwiminyaka yobudala ukuya ku-70 ukuya kwe-70, kukho ukunyuswa kwepesenti ezisibhozo kwiintlawulo ozifumanayo.
Ukubhekisa yonke indlela ukusuka kwi-62 ukuya kwi-70 kwongezelela ukunyuka kwama-50 ekhulwini kwiitsheke zakho zenyanga.
Ubukhulu obufanelekileyo
Ngexesha othabatha umhlalaphantsi, ufuna ukukwazi ukutshintsha iindleko zakho ezizinzileyo kunye nengeniso eqikelelweyo. Leyo ngeniso ivela kuKhuseleko loLuntu, nayiphi na ipensheni onokuyenza, kwaye ukwazi ukuhoxisa malunga neepesenti ezine zokugcina umhlala-phantsi rhoqo ngonyaka. (Ukuba ugcina iikholeji malunga neepesenti ezine, ukugcinwa kwakho kufuneka kudlule iminyaka engama-30, elide ngokwaneleyo kuninzi.) Kodwa kuthekani ukuba ukhangela iinombolo zakho kwaye usalula? Ngoko ke ixesha lokuba ubukhulu bakho bube bubungakanani.
Oko kusenokuthetha ukuthuthela kwikhaya elincinci, okumele kuthathe ukugcina ukulondolozwa kwerenti yakho okanye iintlawulo zokuboleka imali; izixhobo zakho kunye nokugcinwa kwazo kungasehla kwakhona. Kungathetha ukulahla imoto nokusebenzisa izithuthi zikawonke endaweni esikhundleni.
Kusenokuthetha ukuhamba kwiiholide ezimbini ngonyaka ukuya kwelinye.
Musa ukulinda uze uthathe umhlalaphantsi ukuze wenze oku kuhamba. Ukuhlaselwa phantsi ngexesha usebenzayo kuya kukuvumela ukuba ubeke imali eyongezelelweyo kude nomhlalaphantsi.
Yenza Iminikelo Yokubanjwa
Abantu abakumahlanu abo banako ukwenza isicwangciso sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi "iminikelo yokubambisa" ngonyaka. Siye sabona i-$ 1,000 eyongezelelweyo ongayinayo kwi-IRA. Kodwa unokuba negalelo elingaphezulu kwama-6,000 kwi-401 yakho (k), kwaye, ukuba uneminyaka engama-55, kunye ne-$ 1,000 eyongezelelweyo kwi- Akhawunti yakho yokuGcina impilo okanye i-HSA .
Kodwa ukufumana loo mali eyongezelelweyo, kuya kufuneka ukuba ufumane indawo kwibhajethi yakho. Ewe, ukuba awuhlali kwisabelo-mali, sekuyixesha lokuqalisa.
Ngelishwa, iipesenti ezingama-60 zabantu azizange zenze uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kwaye baninzi abazange babone ukuba ngaba banako ngokwaneleyo ukuba baphile ngexesha lokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, kusho uDallas Salisbury, uhlala naye kunye nomongameli ohlala kwi-Employee Benefit Research Institute.
Vimbela ixesha kwikhalenda yakho, zityhala iglasi yewayini, kwaye uthathe umoya ophefumlelweyo. Emva koko, jonga ngenyameko kwingeniso yakho kunye neendleko (iifayili ze-intanethi zinokukunceda ukuba ulandelele okugqibela.) Jonga kwiqela ngalinye leendleko uze uzibuze apho ungayinquma ukukhulula imali engakumbi ukuze ushiye umso. Kwidola ngalinye oyifumanayo, cwangcisa ukutshintshwa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze imali ingene kwi-akhawunti yakho yenkcitho kunye nokugcina imali. Ngaleyo ndlela uya kuba nethemba lokuba uyazi ukuba kuya kwenzeka ngokwenene.
Kunye neHayden Field