I-401k Isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi sabaQaleli

Qalisa ukubonelela ngekamva lakho

Nabani na owaziyo ngexabiso lexesha lemali uyazi ukuba kunye nexabiso elincinci, xa lihlanganiswe kwixesha elide, lunokubangela amawaka, okanye iidola zeedola ngobuncwane obongeziweyo . Inyaniso elula ngenye yezizathu abaninzi abacebisi bezezimali bacebisa iingxelo zentlawulo kunye nezityalo-mali ezifana neendalo zemveli / uRoth IRA kunye noomasipala. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ezi zigqibo zazingabalulekanga ngenxa yobuninzi bezicwangciso zempesheni yomhlala-phantsi ezichaziweyo.

Namhlanje, iipensheni zehlabathi elidala zihamba ngasendleleni kwiinkampani ezininzi zase-US; Kunoko, ininzi labasebenzi namhlanje banokufumanisa iminyaka yabo yomhlalaphantsi exhaswa ngemali yesicwangciso sabo somhlala-phantsi we-401k.

Yintoni i-401k yomhlala phantsi?

Isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi se-401k luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-akhawunti exhaswa ngemali ngokuchithwa kwe-tax pre-tax. Imali kwi-akhawunti inokufakwa imali kwiibhanki ezahlukeneyo, iibhondi, iimali eziphathekayo okanye ezinye iimpahla, kwaye azihlawulwanga nayiphi na imali eyinzuzo , izabelo , okanye inzala de iyakhutshwa. Imoto yokulondoloza umhlala-phantsi yenziwe yiNgqungquthela ngo-1981 kwaye ifumana igama layo kwicandelo leNkqubo yeNgeniso yeNgeniso echazayo; uqikelele - icandelo 401k.

Ziziphi iingenelo zesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi we-401k?

Kukho iinqununu ezihlanu eziphambili ezenza utyalo-mali nge-401k isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esithandekayo. Bazi:

• Inzuzo yentela
• Iimpawu zomdlalo zomqeshi

• Utyalo-mali nokwenza uguquko
• UkuPhatha
• Inkcitho kunye nobunzima bokuxhoma

Inzuzo yeRhafu yee-401k zoMhlala-phantsi

Njengoko kuthethwe kwintetho, inzuzo eyinqobo yesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi we-401k yonyango olufanelekileyo olufumanayo kuMalume Sam. Ulwahlulo, inzala, kunye neenzuzo eziyinkunzi azihlawulwanga zize zihlawulwe; okwangoku, banokuhlanganisa i-tax-deferred ngaphakathi kwe-akhawunti.

Kwimeko yomntu osemncinci oneminyaka emithathu okanye emine phambi kwabo, oku kunokuthetha ukuthini umahluko phakathi kokuhlala kwi-Hotel ye-Plaza okanye uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali 8.

Match Employer for 401k Plans Retirement Plans

Abaqeshi abaninzi , ngomgudu wokukhanga nokugcina italente, banikele ukulinganisa ipesenti ethile yomnikelo womqeshwa. Ngokutsho kwencwadana ye-Starbucks "Intlawulo ye-Pay Package", umzekelo, inkampani iya kufana nepesenti yepesenti zokuqala ezi-4 zokuhlawula umqeshwa uncedisa kwi- 401 (k) isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi . Abasebenzi kwiinkampani ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezingama-36 bafumana umdlalo weepesenti ezingama-25; Iinyanga ezingama-36 ukuya kwezingama-60 zifumana umdlalo wepesenti ezingama-50; Iinyanga ezingama-60 ukuya kwe-120 zifumana umdlalo we-75 ekhulwini; Iinyanga ezili-120 okanye ngaphezulu zifumana umdlalo weepesenti ezingama-150.

Ngamanye amazwi, umqeshwa osebenza kwi-coffee giant iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi efumana i-100,000 $ eyinikele i $ 4,000 kwi-401 (k) iya kufumana i-deposit $ 6,000 kwi-akhawunti ngqo kwi-nkampani (i-150 ekhulwini idityaniswe negalelo elingama-4,000.) Nantoni na umqeshwa zifakwe ngaphaya kwe-4% yeepesenti zingayi kufumana umdlalo.

Nangona unetyala lekhadi lekhredithi elinomdla, linokukhetha, phantse kuzo zonke iimeko, ukufaka isandla semali eninzi inkampani yakho iya kufana nayo!

Isizathu isizathu semathematika esilula: Ukuba uhlawula ipesenti ezingama-20 kwikharityhulam yekredithi kwaye inkampani yakho iyafana nawe dollar-to-dollar (i-100 pesenti ibuye), uya kugcina uhlwempu ngokuhlawula ityala . I-Factor kwiingeniso ezihlawulwe ngentlawulo eziveliswe ngu-401 (k) isicwangciso, kwaye ukungafani kuya kuba kunkulu. Ukufumana ulwazi olungakumbi ngale sihloko, ndincoma ukuba ufunde umsebenzi we-Suze Orman.

Nangona esihloko siza kuxutyushwa ngeenkcukacha ezongezelelweyo kamva kweli nqaku, qaphela ukuba umqeshi ohambelana nomrhumo ukuya kuma-6 ekhulwini lomvuzo wempesenti yomqeshwa awufakwanga kumda wonyaka. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ufanelekile, unokwenza umnikelo we- 401k we-$ 16,500 ngo-2009 kwaye umqeshi wakho ulingane nama-6 eepesenti yokuqala yomvuzo wakho; loo mdlalo uza kufakwa ngaphezulu nangaphezulu kwe-$ 16,500 eyi-$ 500.

Utyalo-mali kunye noFlexibility

Izicwangciso zomhlala-phantsi ezingama-401k zinika abasebenzi ithuba lokuzikhethela malunga nokuba i-asethi yabo ityalwe njani. Umntu owaziyo ukuba akanalo ukunyamezela okuphezulu kwengozi angakhetha ukunikezelwa kwee-asethi eziphezulu kwi-investments ezincinci ezifana nezibophelelo zexesha elifutshane ; Ngokufanayo, umfana onomdla ekwakheni ubutyebi bexesha elide unokubeka ugxininiso olunzulu kwiimali. Amashishini amaninzi avumela abasebenzi ukuba bazuze isistim senkampani kwisicwangciso sabo sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi we-401k kwi-rebate nakuba abaninzi abacebisi bezemali batusa ukuba bangabandakanyeka inxalenye enkulu ye-401k kwizabelo zomqeshi wakho ngenxa ye-Enron ne- Worldcom . Unokufumana ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngokufunda Ukutshala imali kwiSitoreli sakho seMqeshi - Iingcamango ezilungileyo okanye ukuLindelwa kweNtlekele ukuba kwenzeke? .

Enye yeenzuzo zesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi we-401k kukuba unokulandela umqeshwa kulo lonke umsebenzi wakhe. Xa utshintsha abaqeshi, umtyalo-mali unokukhetha ezine:

1.) Yishiye impahla yakhe kwi-plan yomhlala-phantsi yomqeshi omdala we-401k
Abalawuli abaninzi be- 401k bahlawula ukugcinwa kwerekhodi kunye neminye imirhumo yokulawula iakhawunti yakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unayo inkampani. Le mirhumo inokubangela ukuluma okukhulu kwixabiso lakho elizayo, ngokukodwa ukuba unayo i-akhawunti egcinwe kubaqeshi abahlukeneyo.

2.) Gcwalisa i-rollover engu-401k kwisicwangciso somqeshi omtsha we-401k
Ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, olu khetho lufumaneka kuphela ukuba umqeshwa unomnye umsebenzi owenzayo ngaphambi kokushiya umqeshi wangoku. Kwezinye iimeko, i- rollover IRA ingaba yindlela ekhethekileyo njengoko ilula. Uyazi njani ukuba ngaba kukhethwe kakuhle? Isigqibo kufuneka senziwe ngokukodwa ngokusekelwe kwindlela yokutsalwa kwe-401k entsha. Ukuba awuhambisani nokukhetha okukhoyo kuwe, ukugqiba i-rollover ye-401k kwi- IRA ingaba yindlela engcono.

3.) Gcwalisa i-rollover ye-401k kwaye uhambise impahla kwi- Akhawunti yoMhlala-phantsi ( IRA )
Ukugqiba i- rollover engama- 401k phantse ihlale iyona nto ingcono kakhulu kulabo abanomdla wokulungiselela umhlala-phantsi ococekileyo ngenxa yokuba ivumela umnotho-mali-mali ukuba aqhube ukuhlanganisela ukuhlawulwa kwentela ngelixa enika ukulawula okuphezulu kwi- aseset allocation ngumboneleli we-401k.) Nakhu oku kusebenza ngayo: Ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ezikhoyo ze-401k ze-asethi ziyalwe (oku kubikwe kwifom ye-IRS ye-1099-R.) Xa ixabiso lifunyenwe ngumqeshwa, kufuneka banikwe inxaxheba Isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esingaphelanga iintsuku ezingamashumi mathandathu; le diphothi ibikwa kwifom ye-IRS 5498.

Urhulumente unqanda u-401k rollovers ukuya kanye emva kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini.

4.) Ukuhlawula imali, ukuhlawula irhafu kunye nentlawulo yehlawulo ye-10%
Ngaphandle kokungaphumeleli ukuxhamla kwinkqubo yomdlalo wenkxaso yomqeshi, ukuhlawula imali engama-401k xa ukushiya imisebenzi isisigqibo esisisidenge esinye umntu osebenzayo angenza.

Ngokomxholo wokushicilelwa yi-401K yoNcedo lweZiko, uphando lubonisa "amaninzi angama-66 ekhulwini kwi-Generation X abaguquleli bemisebenzi athatha imali xa beshiya imisebenzi yabo, kwaye i-78 ekhulwini yabasebenzi abaneminyaka engama-20-29 bathatha imali." Le ntlekele inkulu kakhulu irhafu kunye nentlawulo yehlawulo yedwa; Ngokwenene, ukulahlekelwa kwemali enkulu kuvela kwimashumi eminyaka yentlawulo echaziweyo yerhafu leyo eyayiyifumana ukuba umnikazi we-akhawunti ukhethwe ukuba aqalise i-rollover engama-401k.

Injongo yesicwangciso sakho somhlala-phantsi we-401k kukubonelela ngeminyaka yakho yegolide. Kukho amaxesha, nangona kunjalo, xa ufuna ikheshi kwaye akukho zikhetho ezinokubakho ngaphandle kokubamba iqanda lakho. Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente uvumela abalawuli beprogram ukuba banikele ngemali-mboleko engama-401k kubathathi-nxaxheba (qaphela ukuba urhulumente akayi kufuna le nto kwaye ayisoloko ikhona.)

Inzuzo eyinqobo yemali-mboleko engama-401k kukuba le ntlawulo ayikho phantsi kweerhafu okanye i-intlawulo yesigwebo se-10 ngaphandle kweemeko ezingagqibekanga.

Urhulumente alungiseli izikhokelo okanye izithintelo ekusebenzisweni kwemali-mboleko ye-401k . Abaqeshi abaninzi, nangona kunjalo, benza; Ezi ziquka ukulingana kwemali yesibonelelo (ngokuqhelekileyo i-$ 1,000) kunye nenani leemali-mboleko ezithengiswayo naliphi na ixesha ukwenzela ukunciphisa iindleko zolawulo. Ukongezelela, abanye abaqeshi bafuna ukuba abasebenzi abatshatileyo bafumane imvume yeqabane labo ngaphambi kokuba bathathe imali mboleko, inkolelo yokuba bobabini bachaphazelekayo ngesigqibo.

401k Umyinge wemali

Kwiimeko ezininzi, umqeshwa angabaleka ukuya kuma-50% e-akhawunti ebolekileyo ukufikelela kuma-50,000. Ukuba umqeshwa uthathe umboleko we-401k kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ezidlulileyo, baya kukwazi ukuboleka kuphela i- akhawunti engama-50 000 kwi- akhawunti yabo ebolekileyo ukuya kwii-50,000 zamawaka, ngaphantsi kwe-balance balance on the loan. Imalimboleko engama-401k kufuneka ihlawulwe emva kweminyaka emihlanu elandelayo ngaphandle kokuthengwa kwekhaya, ezifanelekile ixesha elide.

401k Inkcitho yeMali yeMali

Nangona uboleka kuwe, ufanele uhlawule umdla ! Uninzi lwezicwangciso lubeka isantya somyinge oqhelekileyo kwi- prime kunye neyongezelelweyo enye okanye iipesenti ezimbini. Inzuzo iphindwe kabini: 1.) ngokungafani nenzala ehlawulwe kwibhankini, ekugqibeleni uza kufumana le mali ngendlela yokuhlawulwa okufanelekileyo okanye kufuphi nomhlalaphantsi, kwaye 2.) inzala oyibuyisela kwisicwangciso sakho se-401k irhafu -iyo.

Iingxowa zemali ezingama-401k

Ingozi enkulu yokuthatha imali engama-401k mboleko kukuba iya kuphazamisa inkqubo yexabiso lemali . Oku kunako ukuphawula ngokukhawuleza iziphumo ezide. Olunye uqikelelo luzinzileyo zengqesho; ukuba umqeshwa unqanyulwa okanye unqanyulwe, umboleko we-401k kufuneka uhlawulelwe ngokugcwele, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiintsuku ezingamashumi mathandathu. Ukuba isicwangciso sokuthatha inxaxheba siphumelele ukuhlangabezana nomhla wokugqibela, ukusilela kuya kubhengezwa kunye neentlawulo-ntlawulo kunye neerhafu ezihlolwe.

401k Ubunzima bokurhoxiswa

Kuthekani ukuba umqeshi wakho akanikeli imali engama-401k okanye awuvumelekanga? Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufikeleleke kwimali ukuba iimeko ezilandelayo zidibeneyo (phawula ukuba urhulumente akafuni ukuba abaqeshi banikezele ukukhutshwa kobunzima be-401k, ngoko kufuneka uhlolisise umlawuli wakho wecebo):

1. Ukuhoxiswa kuyimfuneko ngenxa yeemfuno zemali ezikhawulezayo kunye nezimbi
2. Ukuhoxiswa kuyimfuneko ukunelisa loo mfuno (okt, awukwazi ukufumana imali kwenye indawo)
3. Isixa semboleko asiyi kudlula isixa semfuno
4. Usuke ufumene zonke iimali-mboleko ezikhoyo okanye ezingahlawulwanga zifumaneke phantsi kwesicwangciso sakho se-401k

Ukuba le miqathango idibeneyo, imali iyakhutshwa kwaye isetyenziswe enye yezi zinto zilandelayo ezintlanu:

1. Ukuthenga ekhaya lokuqala
2. Isifundo semfundo ephakamileyo , igumbi kunye nebhodi kunye neentlawulo zeenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini kuni, iqabane lakho, abaxhomekeke kuyo okanye abantwana (nangona bengasayi kuxhomekeka kuwe)
3. Ukuthintela ukukhutshwa kwikhaya lakho okanye ukuchithwa kwendawo yokuhlala yakho ephambili
4. Ubunzima bezezimali
5. Iindleko zonyango ezichithwayo zerhafu ezingahlawulwanga kuwe, lakho iqabane okanye abaxhomekeke kuyo

Zonke iinguye ezingama-401k zokurhoxiswa ziphantsi kwentlawulo kunye nesigwebo se-10 sepesenti. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukurhoxisa imali eyi-$ 10,000 kungabangela imali engaphantsi kakhulu kwi-pocket yakho (mhlawumbi nje nge-$ 6,500 okanye i-$ 7,500), kodwa kubangela ukuba ulahlekelwe ngonaphakade ukukhula okuhlawulwe irhafu okuye kwaveliswa yizo zinto. Inkcitho ye-401k yokukhutshwa kwemali ayinakubuyiselwa kwi-akhawunti emva kokuba kwenziwe intlawulo.

Ubunzima bezeMali 401k Ukurhoxiswa

Nangona umtyalo-mali kufuneka ahlawule irhafu kwiimeko zokungabikho kwemali, ukuhlawulwa kwemali yeshumi sepesenti. Kukho iindlela ezinhlanu zokufaneleka:

1. Ukhubazekile ngokusisigxina
2. Amatyala akho ogqirha angaphaya kwama-7.5 ekhulwini kwerhafu yakho epheleleyo
3. Inkundla yomthetho ikuyala ukuba unike imali kwiqabane lakho lomtshato, umntwana okanye umntu oxhomekeke kuyo
4. Unqatshelwe ngokusisigxina, unqanyulwe, uyeke, okanye ushiye umhlala-phantsi ekuqaleni kwaloo nyaka unyaka 55 okanye kamva
5. Unqatshelwe ngokusisigxina, unqanyulwe, uyeke okanye uthathe umhlala phantsi kwaye usele ishedyuli yokuhlawula iirhafu eziqhelekileyo ngokulinganisela kokulingana kobomi bakho bomhlaba obulindelekileyo. Emva kokuba uhoxiso lokuqala lwenziwa, umtyalomali kufuneka ukuba aqhubeke ewathatha iminyaka emihlanu okanye ade afinyelele kwiminyaka eyi-59 / 1/2 , nokuba yeyiphi na ixesha elide.

Ukukhutshwa kobunzima obunzima obungama-401k kufuneka kube yinto yokugqibela. U- IRA , umzekelo, unokuxolelwa ngokukhawuleza kweedola ezili-10 000 kwizindlu ezingenazo iintambo.

Yiyiphi umda wenkxaso ephezulu kwiakhawunti yakho ye-401k? Impendulo ixhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho, umvuzo wakho kunye nezikhokelo zikaRhulumente. Ngomfutshane, umda wakho wenkxaso ngumlinganiselo ophantsi komlinganiselo umqeshi wakho avumele njengepesenti yomvuzo (umz., Ukuba umqeshi wakho ekuvumela ukuba ube negalelo le-4% yomvuzo wakho kwaye ufumana i-tax pre-tax 20,000), umda wakho wenkxaso-mali u-800) , okanye izikhokelo zikaRhulumente ngolu hlobo:

401k Amanqaku omrhumo ophezulu
2004: $ 13,000
2005: $ 14,000
2006: $ 15,000
2007: $ 15,500
2008: $ 15,500
2009: $ 16,500
2010: ii-16,500 zamaRandi kunye ne-index inflation (kwi-$ 500 eyongeziweyo)

Emva kokuba unyaka we-2010 sele ufikeleleke, umlinganiselo wenkxaso-mali ophezulu uya kunyuswa ngokusekelwe kutshintsho kwiindleko zokuphila (link url = http: //beginnersinvest.about.com/od/inflationrate/a/inflation.htm] ukunyuka kwamaxabiso) ngokunyuka kwama $ 500.

Fumana Iminikelo

Ukuba uneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu okanye ngaphezulu kwaye umqeshi wakho unikela ngegalelo "lokubambisa" kwi-401k yakho, uvumelekile ukufaka ixabiso elongezelelweyo ukuya kumda wegalelo ophezulu njengoko kulandelwayo:

401k Imida ephezulu yokuThengiswa kweNgcaciso
2004: $ 3,000
2005: $ 4,000
2006: $ 5,000
2007: $ 5,000
2008: $ 5,000
2009: $ 5,500
2010: i $ 5,500 kunye ne- index inflation (kwi $ 500 increments)

Emva kokuba unyaka we-2010 sele ufikelelwe, umyinge wenkxaso yesigxina iya kunyuswa ngokusekelwe kutshintsho kwiindleko zokuphila ( ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ) kwizigidi ezingama-500.

Isikhumbuzo kuMrhumo Wokulinganisa Umqeshi kunye neMingcele ye-Contribution ye-401k

Kwakhona kwakhona, umrhumo womqeshi olinganayo ukuya kweethesenti ezithandathu zemivuzo yomqeshwa ngaphambi kokuhlawula irhafu ayifakiwe kwigalelo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ufanelekile, unokwenza umnikelo we-401k we-$ 16,500 ngo-2009 kwaye umqeshi wakho ulingane ne-pesenti yokuqala yesithandathu somvuzo wakho; loo mdlalo uza kufakwa ngaphezulu nangaphezulu kwe-$ 16,500 eyi-$ 500.