Iisiseko zeMatual Funds

Ziziphi kwaye Ziyakwenza njani Imali

Iingxowa-mali zokubambisana mhlawumbi zilula kwaye zincinci indlela yokutshala imali kwiimarike. Enyanisweni, imali emitsha iye yafakwa kwiimali kwiminyaka embalwa edluleyo kunanoma kunini kwimbali. Ngaphambi kokuba ungene echibini uze uqale ukuphosa imali yakho kwiimali zentsebenziswano, kufuneka wazi kakuhle ukuba zintoni kwaye zisebenza njani. Njengengxenye yesiKhokelo soQeqesho soQeqesho soPhuhliso lweMali eNgqungquthela , eli nqaku lingakunika isiseko oyifunayo ukuba uqale ukuqonda ukutshala imali kwe-fund.

Iyintoni ingxowa-mali?

Beka nje; i-fund fund iyisitya semali esinikezwa ngabanye abatyali-mali, iinkampani kunye neminye imibutho. Umphathi wezikhwama uqeshwa ukuba atyale imali eyabathathi-mali abatshali-mali, kunye nenjongo yomphathi wezezixhomekeke kuxhomekeke kwintlobo yengxowa-mali; umphathi weengxowa-mali-mali, ngokomzekelo, uza kuzama ukubonelela ngeyona mveliso isivuno esiphezulu kakhulu. Umphathi wokukhula kwexesha elide, ngakwelinye icala, kufuneka azame ukubetha i- Dow Jones Isilinganiso seZoshishino okanye i- S & P 500 kunyaka-mali. (Ezimbalwa iimali zifezekisile oko; ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni, funda i- Index Funds Uhlala Unqoba ).

Ivalwe kunye neFund-Endeded Funds, I-Load vs. No-Load

Iimali zengxowa-mali ziyahlula kunye nemigca emine: iimali ezivaliweyo kunye nemali evulekile; eli lilandelayo lihlulwe ibe ngumthwalo kwaye akukho mthwalo.

• Iimali ezivaliweyo zokuvala
  Olu hlobo lwenkcazo linenani elithile lezabelo ezihanjiswe kuluntu ngumbingelelo wokuqala woluntu. Ezi zabelo zorhwebo kwiimarike ezivulekileyo; oku, kudibaniswe nelokuba i-fund-clos fin fund ayihlawuli okanye ikhuphe izabelo ezitsha njengengxowa-mali eqhelekileyo, izifundo zikwabelana ngemali kwimithetho yokubonelela kunye nokufunwa. Ngenxa yoko, izabelo zeemali ezivaliweyo zivame ukuthengiswa kwisaphulelo kwixabiso lempahla yexabiso.

• Iimali ezivulekileyo zokuVala
  Uninzi lweemali ezihlangeneyo luvulekile. Ngengqiqo eyisiseko, oku kuthetha ukuba i-fund ayikho inamba ehleliweyo yezabelo. Kunoko, i-fund iya kukhupha izabelo ezitsha kumtyalo-mali ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lexabiso lexabiso elikhoyo kunye nokuhlawulela izabelo xa umnini-zimali ethatha isigqibo sokuthengisa. Iimali ezivulekileyo zivame ukubonisa ixabiso lentengo yexabiso leengxowa-mali eziphantsi kweengxowa-mali ngenxa yokuba izabelo zenziwa kwaye zonakaliswa njengoko ziyimfuneko.
  • Ukuthwala ngokungekho Mthwalo
    Umthwalo, xa uthetha i-fund fund, ityala lokuthengisa. Ukuba i-fund ihlawulisa umthwalo, umtyalomali uya kuhlawula ikhomishini yokuthengisa phezu kwexabiso lexabiso lexabiso lempahla yeengxowa-mali. Iimali ezingekho mthwalo zivame ukuvelisa imali ephezulu kubaphathi-mali ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi ezinxulumene nobunikazi.

Ziziphi iingenelo zokutshala imali kwi-fund?

Iimali zengxowa-mali zilawulwa ngokusisigxina ngumphathi wezemali olawulayo ohlala ebeka esweni ama-stocks kunye nezibophelelo kwiphothifoliyo ye-fund. Ngenxa yokuba lo msebenzi wakhe oyintloko, unokunikela ixesha elikhethekileyo lokukhetha utyalo-mali kunomnye-mali. Inika uxolo lwengqondo oluza notyalo-mali ngaphandle kolwaxinzelelo lokuhlalutya iingxelo zemali okanye ukubala izibalo zemali.

Ndingakhetha njani i-fund efanelekileyo kum?

Yonke ingxowa inesicwangciso esithile sokutyalo-mali, isitayela okanye injongo; abanye, ngokomzekelo, batyala imali kuphela kwiinkampani ze- blue-chip . Abanye batyala imali kumashishini okuqala okanye kumacandelo athile. Ukufumanisa i-fund yemali ehambelana neendlela zokutshala imali kunye nesitayela kubaluleke kakhulu; Ukuba awukwazi nto malunga ne-biotechnology, awukho ishishini lokutyalo-mali kwi-biotech fund. Umele wazi kwaye uqonde utyalo-mali .

Emva kokuba uhleli kwi-fund ye-fund, iya ku-Morningstar okanye kwi-Standard kunye nePoors (S & P). Zombini zale nkampani zikhupha i-fundings rankings ngokusekelwe kwirekhodi elidlulileyo. Kufuneka uthabathe ezi zikhundla ngqolowa yetyuwa. Impumelelo yangaphambili ayikho inkcazo yekamva, ingakumbi ukuba umphathi wezikhwama usanda kutshintsha.

Ndiqala njani ukutshala imali kwi-fund?

Ukuba sele unayo i-akhawunti ye-brokerage, ungathenga izabelo zentengiso njengokuba uza kuba nesabelo sesitokisi. Ukuba awunayo, unokutyelela iphepha lewebhu le-fund okanye ubafone uze ucele ulwazi kunye nesicelo. Iimali ezininzi zinomlinganiselo osisiseko wokutshala imali onokuhluka ukusuka kuma-$ 25 ukuya kwii-100,000 + kunye nobuninzi kwii-$ 1,000-$ 5,000 ezahlukeneyo (ubuncinane bokutshalwa kotyalo-mali bangaphantsi okanye banqatshelwe ngokupheleleyo ukuba utyalo-mali li-akhawunti yomhlala-phantsi njenge-401k, i-IRA yesintu okanye i-Roth IRA, kunye / okanye umtyalomali uyavuma ukuchithwa ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokukhawuleza kwi-akhawunti yokutshekisha okanye yokulondoloza ukufaka imali kwingxowa-mali.

Ukubaluleka kweDola-Iindleko zokulinganisela

Isicwangciso -mali esinexabiso-xabiso lidola nje njengoko kusebenza kwiimali ezixhasanayo njengoko kusebenza kwisitokisi esifanayo. Ukuseka isicwangciso esinjalo kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wexesha elide lomakethi kwaye kubangele umthamo ophezulu ngaphezu kwexesha elishumi leminyaka okanye ngaphezulu.

Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe

Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe, jonga isigaba seengxowa-mali kunye okanye u tyelele uMngqali woMqala.