Imiba enzima, le ntlawulo yomvuzo kufuneka isombulule kwizinto ezintathu ezingaziwa ngexesha elifanayo:
- Ubuninzi: Kufuneka uhlale ixesha elide nje.
- Ixabiso lemali: Kufuneka liqhubeke neendleko zokuphila.
- Iimfuno zokuNakekelwa kweMpilo: Iindleko eziye zenyuka kwisantya esiphantsi kwamaxesha amathathu e-inflation kwiminyaka yamuva.
Ngoko unokujamelana njani nale mngeni kwaye ubeka ndawonye imali engenayo yomhlala-phantsi ehlala nje nje? Siqokelele uphando olutsha kwaye sihlanganise uluhlu oluya kuluhambisa ngalo.
Cinga ngeendlela zakho zokusebenzisa
Ngaba ungumntu ohlala ekhaya, i-foodie okanye into ethile ngokupheleleyo? Abaphandi baseJP Morgan bafumanisa ukuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-75 zoluntu zihambelana ngokukodwa kwizinto ezine zokuchitha iiprofayili ...
- I-Foodies ichitha iipesenti ezingama-28 zengeniso yazo ekudleni nasekuphuzeni (ukutya kunye nokutya ngaphandle).
- Ama-homebodies asebenzisa iipesenti ezingama-54 zengeniso yabo kwimali-mboleko, iirhafu zepropati, ukulungiswa kunye nezinto zokufaka kuloo mizi, njengefenitshala kunye nekhefu kwiskrini-cala; kunokwenzeka ukuba abanye banokuba nekhaya elilodwa.
- I-Globetrotters idlulisela kwikota epheleleyo yengeniso yabo ukuhamba.
Udidi lwesine luquka iqela elincinci labantu (malunga neepesenti ezi-2 zamakhaya angaphantsi kwe-65 ne-6 ekhulwini ngaphezulu) echitha iipesenti ezingama-28 zemali yabo kwiinkonzo zempilo. Basenokuba nezidingo eziqhubekayo zemimiselo eyimfuneko okanye enye imeko engapheliyo.
Cinga ngendlela oza kuyenza ngayo
Naluphi na uhlobo lwesipelisi, kunjalo, qwa lasela ukuba oko uchithayo kuthatha utshintsho ngeminyaka. Umdala owufumanayo, iindleko zakho zivame ukukhupha, uchaza uKatherine Roy, uSikhulu Somhlala-phantsi we-JP Morgan Asset Management. Eyona nto inokubamba ukunyuka kwemali. "Nangona amaxabiso akhula, uchitha imali encinane," kusho uRoy. Ngokomzekelo, umzi osisiseko kwiminyaka yobudala engama-55 ukuya kwengu-64 uchitha malunga ne-51,000 zamawaka ngonyaka. Ihla i-$ 45,000 ukuya kuma-65 ukuya kwengu-74 ubudala ubudala, kunye ne-34,000 zama-dollar kubantu abo abangama-75. I-category-by-category, iindleko ziyancipha njengoko uneminyaka yobudala ngaphandle kweminikelo yokunceda, izipho (ah, abazukulu!), Kunye noononophelo lwempilo. Okukugqibela, ngokweZiko loPhando lwezeMhlala-phantsi kwiKholeji yaseBoston, libiza ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini emva kweminyaka engama-85 kunaphambili.
Yenza isicwangciso sakho sokuSindisa ukuhlawula
Khangela ingqwalasela yakho yamaphetheni ekhoyo okwangoku ukuba ungawa. Emva koko uchithe ixesha lokucwangcisa imali yakho kwixesha elizayo kuloo ndawo. Ngokomzekelo, iibhodi zekhaya kufuneka zijonge xa zisenokwenzeka ukuba zikwazi ukuhlawula umboleko kunye / okanye ukuba ukunciphisa ingqiqo. URoy uthi: "Amaphesenti angamashumi amane anesihlanu aneminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
"Kungakhathaliseki ukuba baqhuba ithuba lokuhlola iindleko [kunye nokutshala imali] endaweni yokuba banomdla ophantsi, okanye ngenxa yokuba bakhuphe ukulingana ngaphandle." Ukuba ngaba ngowokugqibela, uceba ukuphuma phantsi kwelo mboleko ngaphambi kokuba umhlalaphantsi ube ngumsebenzi wokuhamba. Sekunjalo, iindleko zokuthengisa indawo enye, ukuthenga enye, ukuhamba, kunye nokubonelela indawo entsha akufaneleki phantsi, "kusho uKen Hevert, oyiNtloko ngongameli weMveliso ye-Retirement kwi-Fidelity Investment. Uthi: "Abantu badla ngokumangaliswa yindleko ephezulu yokwenza ezi zinto," ushilo.
I-Globetrotters, okwangoku, kufuneka iqonde ukuba i-wandander ayikwazi ukunciphisa njengoko uneminyaka yobudala. Enyanisweni, ukuchitha imali ekuhambeni kwakukho kumazinga aphezulu kubantu abakule minyaka engama-75 ubudala, ngoko kulungile ukubeka eceleni ibhakethi elilodwa lemali ekuhambeni kwakho.
Kwaye malunga nalawo maqhinga? Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwabo kubonakala kungabikho kwiitshathi, bavame ukuba neengcambu kwezinye iindawo, kunye nemali ehlawulwayo yokuhlawula kunye neerhafu zerhafu. Abaphandi abazange babone isidingo sokugcina ngokwahlukileyo ukutya ngaphandle.
I-Akhawunti eyahlukileyo yezoMpilo
Utyalo-mali othembekileyo uqikelele ukuba isibini esithatha iminyaka engama-65 ubudala esiya kumhlala phantsi siya kufuna i-$ 260,000 (namhlanje iidola) ukwenzela ukukhupha iindleko zokunakekelwa kwempilo ngexesha lokuphila kwazo , kunye nee-130,000 ezongezelelweyo zokuqinisekisa ukunyamekelwa kwexesha elide (ngaphezulu kolu kzuzwana). Zizo iinombolo ezinkulu, ngoko uya kulungiswa kakuhle ukuqonda iindleko zonyaka. Kunyaka ophelileyo, umzekelo, uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala ukuya kwi-Medicare yendabuko inemali ephakathi kwemali engama-4,660, inani elinyuka ngama-6 ekhulwini ngonyaka. Cinga i-stash yemali eyahlukeneyo-mhlawumbi kwi- Akhawunti ye-Savings Health - ukuphendula ngalezi zidingo. "Siyazi ukuba abantu ababenayo njengento ehlukile [yecala] baziva benethemba lokuba banako ukufikelela ezi ndleko," kusho uRoy.
Isicwangciso sendlela yokujongana neentlawulo
Enye enye i-iso-opener eye ivule ngohambo lokunyaniseka kwiSifundo soMhlala-phantsi: Imirhumo. Ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, abaninzi abantu bahlawula irhafu kwii-payers. Emva koko bafake ibuyiselo, mhlawumbi bafumane imali, mhlawumbi benze inkokhelo baze batyelele kunyaka olandelayo. Emva komhlala-phantsi - kuba uninzi lwemali engenayo yomhlalaphantsi ayihlawulwanga - irhafu ibe yindleko elawulwayo. Ukuxazulula le ngxaki, uHebert uthi, yenza izinto ezintathu:
Cwangcisa ukuba kuya kufuneka uhlawule irhafu, mhlawumbi ngekota, ngokukhangela imali ukwenza loo msebenzi ngaphambi kokuba uyichithe. Ukunyaniseka kukuthintela irhafu kwiirhafu ze-IRA kwinqanaba eliqala ngeepesenti ezili-10, kodwa likuvumela ukuba ukwandise ukukhupha xa ukhetha.
Cinga ukuba izinga lakho lokurhafu liya kuba liphezulu kumhlalaphantsi kunokuba ngoku. Ukuba kunjalo, cinga ukubeka imali kwiRoth IRA (okanye iRoth 401 (k)) okanye ngegalelo okanye ukuguqulwa.
Yiza ngesicwangciso apho iibhakethi oza kuzithatha imali ukusuka kumhlalaphantsi. Ngokubanzi, i-Hevert amanqaku, kuqala ukudweba imali oye wahlawula irhafu yindlela yokuya kuyo.
Isicwangciso seNcinci "Kutheni-Ukuba"
Yintoni eyenzekayo kwisigxina sakho esiphuthumayo emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi? Iingcebiso ezisetyenziselwa ukuzithumela kwi-akhawunti yakho yemali-leyo oyisebenzisayo ukuhlawula iindleko zenyanga. Ingxaki kukuba akunakukunika uguquko olwaneleyo lokusingatha iindleko ezingalindelekanga ezifana nokulungisa imoto, ukuhlinzwa ngokukhawuleza, njalo njalo. URoy uthi: "Ukwandisa, sicinga ukuba [ukugcina] loo ngxowa-mali yongxamiseko isisombululo esifanelekileyo."
Ngako-ke ingxowa-mali yakho yexakeka-mali imele ibe yintoni xa ihlala phantsi? Ngethuba lobomi bakho bokusebenza umgaqo wesigxina kukuba neengxelo zemali kwiinyanga ezi-3-6 zeendleko, kodwa akukho mgaqo olinganayo kumhlalaphantsi. Esikhundleni saloo nto, nqama ukuba uqwalasele ukuba ungadinga kangakanani ukufumana uninzi lwezimo eziphuthumayo ezingalindelekanga, kwaye ugcine loo mali kwiimali ezihlukeneyo kunye nolwelo. Ukuba kwaye xa usebenzisa imali - xa uzalisa iakhawunti yakho yekheshi kunye nokulinganisela - qiniseka ukuba uyayifaka, kwakhona.
Isicwangciso seNkcitho yexesha elide
UJac Vanderhei, uMlawuli woPhando we-Employee Benefits Research Institute, uthi: "Kwabaninzi balabo abaphelela kwikhaya labahlengikazi ixesha elongezelelweyo [iinjongo zemali] ziya kuba yingozi. Ngaphandle kokuba unezigidi zeedola kwiimpahla ezityalo-mali, ukuhlawula le ndleko kwi-pocket ngeke kwenzeke; Yingakho umzekelo wokuthembeka uthembisa ukuqinisekisana nabo. UVanderhei ubonisa iNkontileka yokuThuthukiswa kweNkcazo yeNkcazo, okanye i-QLAC (ithi "q-lack"). Ezi zihlomelo ezithengiweyo ezithengayo phakathi kwe-IRA okanye esinye isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esifanelekileyo. Unokubeka i-$ 125,000 okanye ipesenti ye-25 ye-balance yakho ibe yi-QLAC (nokuba ngaphantsi ngaphantsi) kwaye loo mali ingabandakanywa kwiimfuno ezincinane zokuhambisa. Oku kunciphisa umrhumo wakho werhafu kwaye kukukhusela ixesha elide ngexesha elifanayo, kuba umrhumo wokufumana imali - ongasetyenziselwa ixesha elide kwiminyaka eyi-15 okanye ukuya kuma-85 - uya kuhlala ixesha elide.
Abanye abathathe umhlala-phantsi bakhetha inkonkcola yonyango yangexesha elide ngokulindela kule ndleko, nangona kukho ezinye iindlela . Into ebalulekileyo kukuba uceba kwangaphambili ixesha apho ungadinga ukunakekelwa okungakumbi kunoko ngoku.