401 (k) Izicwangciso Ziyindlela Eyona Nkulu Yokugcina Umhlala-phantsi
Ukubonelela nge-401 (k), kukho imigaqo emininzi umqeshi wakho kufuneka ayilandele. ISebe lezeMisebenzi (iDOL) linesahlulo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Employee Benefits Security Administration esilawula ukunikezwa kwe-401 (k) isicwangciso kwaye ichaza le mithetho.
Nantsi imigaqo ebalulekileyo malunga neentlawulo zerhafu, iminikelo yomqeshi kunye nokukhetha utyalo-mali okuchaphazela indlela i-401 (k) isicwangciso esisebenza ngayo.
Izibonelelo zerhafu
Xa i-401 (k) izicwangciso zaqala (malunga ne-1978), ubeka imali kwisicwangciso sokuhlawula intela. Siza kujonga indlela umrhumo wangaphambili wentela osebenza ngayo kuqala.
I-Tax Pre-Tax 401 (k) Iminikelo
Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa ufumana imali, kufuneka uyihlawule irhafu yengeniso kwimali oyifumanayo. I-401 (k) icebo likuvumela ukuba ugweme ukuhlawula irhafu yengeniso kunyaka okhoyo ngemali yemali (ukuya kwi- 401 evumelekileyo ngokomthetho (k) umlinganiselo wenkxaso ) owubeka kwisicwangciso. Isixa osibekayo sibizwa ngokuba ngumrhumo wokuhlawula umvuzo , njengoko ukhetha ukuchasana neminye yemivuzo oyifumanayo namhlanje, uyibeke kwisicwangciso, kwaye uyigcine ukuze uyisebenzise kwiminyaka yakho yomhlalaphantsi.
Imali ikhula irhafu echazwe ngaphakathi kwiplani. Iindlela ezichaziweyo zerhafu njengokuba utyalo-mali ufumana ingeniso yentengo-mali awuyihlawuli irhafu kwi-investment earnings ngonyaka.
Kunoko, xa uhlala phantsi, uhlawula irhafu kwiimali ozirhoxayo ngelo xesha. Kukho irhafu yerhafu yepesenti kunye neerhafu zerhafu xa uhoxisa imali kakhulu kusasa (phambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-55 okanye i-59 ½ ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho yokuhlala umhlalaphantsi kunye no-401 (k) cwangcisa imigaqo ).
I-Savings Example Example
Makhe sijonge umzekelo ukuze sibone indlela yokugcina imali yentlawulo isebenza ngayo.
Cinga ukuba wenze i-$ 50,000 ngonyaka kwaye unqume ukufaka ipesenti ze-pay yakho, okanye i-$ 2,500 ngonyaka, kwi-401 (k) isicwangciso sakho. Ukuba uhlawulwa kabini ngenyanga, i-$ 104.17 ikhutshwa kwi-paycheck nganye kwaye ifakwe kwisicwangciso se-401 (k).
Ekupheleni konyaka, imali engenayo oyifumayo kwingxelo yakho yokubuyisela irhafu iya kuba yi-47,500 yama-$ esikhundleni se-$ 50,000 ngenxa yokuba uyanciphisa umvuzo wakho owenziwe ngedali obeka phambi kwentlawulo kwi-401 (k) icebo.
Ukuba ungama-25 ekhulwini kwizinga lokuhlawula irhafu, i-$ 2,500 eyi-$ 500 ebekayo kwisicwangciso isho i-$ 625 ngaphantsi kweerhafu zentlawulo. Ugcina i-$ 2,500 ngemali yomhlalaphantsi, kodwa kuphela iindleko ze $ 1,875.
Umzekelo ongentla ucinga ukuba ukhetha u-401 (k) umrhumo wendabuko, apho unika imali kwi-pre-tax basis.
Roth 401 (k) Imirhumo (emva kweRhafu)
Abaqashi abaninzi banika ithuba lokufaka kwi- Rated 401 (k) iminikelo . Ngomnikelo weRoth (owaqala ukuvunyelwa ngo-2006), awufumani ukunciphisa imali oyifumanayo ngemali yenkxaso, kodwa zonke iimali zikhula ngaphandle kweerhafu, kwaye xa uthabatha umhlalaphantsi, ukuhoxiswa kwabakhokheli-ntlawulo!
I-Pre-Tax okanye emva kweRhafu?
Njengomthetho ngokubanzi wesigwenga, ufuna ukufaka umrhumo wangaphambi kweerhafu ngethuba leminyaka apho ufumana khona uninzi, okuqhelekileyo ukuba kwenzeke kumgangatho ophakathi kunye nexesha elide lomsebenzi wakho.
Ufuna ukwenza iminikelo yeRoth ngexesha leminyaka apho umvuzo wakho (kwaye ngoko ke izinga lentlawulo) alikho phezulu. Iminyaka engaphantsi kwemali iyenzeka ngokukhawuleza kwimizuzu yokuqala yomsebenzi, ngexesha leminyaka yesigxina, okanye ngexesha lomhlala phantsi apho usebenza khona ixesha elide.
Igalelo lomqeshi
Abaqeshi abaninzi baya kunika umnikelo kwi-401 yakho (k) isicwangciso kuwe. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeminikelo yomqeshi: ukudibanisa, ukungakhethi, nokwabelana ngenzuzo. Umrhumo womqeshi uhlala ehlawula irhafu, oko kuthetha ukuba xa bexothwa umhlalaphantsi, baya kuhlawulwa ngolo xesha.
Ukuxubusha
Ngomnikelo ohambelanayo, umqeshi wakho kuphela ubeka imali kwi-401 (k) icebo ukuba ubeka imali kuyo. Ngokomzekelo, banokufanisana neminikelo yakho idola-do-dollar ukuya kuma-3 ekhulwini yokuqala yomvuzo wakho, emva koko i-50 cm kwi dollar ukuya kuma-2 ekhulwini kwi-pay yakho.
Ngokomzekelo ongasentla, ukuba unika ipesenti ezi-5 zemali yakho ye-$ 50,000, okanye i-$ 2,500 ngonyaka, umqeshi wakho uza kuba negalelo le-$ 2,000. Baya kufana neepesenti zokuqala ze-pay yakho, okanye i-$ 1,500, ngokufaka i-$ 1,500. Kwimizuzu e-2 elandelayo yomvuzo wakho, i-$ 1,000, iya kufana ne-50 cents, okanye i-$ 500. Ngako ke, inani eliza kuba negalelo egameni lakho liza kuba yi-$ 2,000 ngonyaka.
Ukuba umqeshi wakho unikezela ngegalelo elifanayo, kudla ukuba kunengqiqo ukunikela ngemali eyaneleyo yokufumana umdlalo . Cinga nje ngokukhawuleza!
Ukungakhethi
Ngomnikelo ongakhethi, umqeshi wakho unokugqiba isigqibo sokubeka ipesenti kwisicwangciso somntu wonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba umqeshwa uncedisa nayiphi na imali okanye ayikho. Ngokomzekelo, umqeshi unako ukufaka ipesenti ezintathu zeentlawulo kwisicwangciso ngasinye ngonyaka kubo bonke abasebenzi abafanelekileyo.
Ukwabelana ngenzuzo
Ngegalelo yokwabelana ngenzuzo, ukuba inkampani yenza inzuzo, inokukhetha ukuba ibekwe kwisixa esicwangcisiweyo se dollar kwisicwangciso. Kukho iifomula ezahlukileyo ezichonga ukuba ungaphi na. Ifom yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo kukuba wonke umntu ufumana inxaxheba yokwabelana ngenzuzo ehambelana nokuhlawulwa kwabo.
Nini Imali Yakho?
Ezinye iintlobo zomrhumo ohambelana nomqeshi zixhomekeke kwishedyuli yokuthenga , oko kuthetha ukuba nangona imali ikhona kwi-akhawunti yakho, ukuba ushiya ngaphambi kokuba ufumane ipesenti ezili-100 uya kugcina kuphela inxalenye yenkampani ekufake kuyo. Uhlala ugcine ukugcina nayiphi na imali yakho enegalelo kwisicwangciso.
MiThetho yoNyango
Abaqeshi abanako ukuseta i-401 (k) icebo nje ukuba bazuze abanini-mali okanye abasebenzi abahlawulwa kakhulu. Isicwangciso ngasinye kufuneka siqhube uvavanyo lwangonyaka ukwenzela ukuba iqinisekise ukuba iyahlangabezana nale migaqo, okanye umqeshi angasetha uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwesicwangciso esibizwa ngokuba yi "Safe Harbor 401 (k) Isicwangciso" esivumela ukuba baqulunqe inkqubo yokuvavanya.
Isicwangciso soKhuseleko lwesiKhuseleko, njengoko nje umqeshi ebeka imali efunekayo ngokomthetho, nokuba ngumdlalo okanye umnikelo ongakhethiyo, ngoko icebo labo "liya kudlula" naziphi na iimvavanyo. Isicwangciso soKhuseleko lwesiKhuseleko, nayiphi na iminikelo ehambelanayo okanye engekho nto umqeshi ebeka kuyo ukuba unikwe ngokukhawuleza! (Iminikelo yokwabelana ngenzuzo isenokuthi ibe phantsi kweshedyuli yokuthenga.)
Utyalo mali
Uninzi lwama-401 (k) izicwangciso ziya kunika ubuncinane abathathu beendlela zokutshala imali ezineendlela ezahlukileyo kakhulu kwaye abathathi-nxaxheba kufuneka bafumane imfundo malunga nokukhetha kwabo. URhulumente ulawula kwakhona umlinganiselo wempahla yomqeshi okanye ezinye iintlobo zotyalo-mali ezingasetyenziswa kwisicwangciso se-401 (k). Ngenxa yale miqobo, iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zotyalo-mali ezinikezelwa ngo-401 (k) izicwangciso zixhaswa ngemali .
Izicwangciso ezininzi ziza kuseka ukhetho oluzenzekelayo (i-fund eyodwa), kwaye yonke imali iya khona uze ungene kwi-Intanethi okanye ubize isicwangciso sakho sokutshintshela utyalo-mali olwahlukileyo.
401 (k) Iinqunto zoTyalo-mali lwabaQaleli
Uninzi lwama-401 (k) izicwangciso zinikela ngeemali ezijoliswe ekujoliswe kuyo ekupheleni kwonyaka wekhalenda egameni le-fund ejoliswe ukulingana nomnyaka apho ucinga ukuba ungathatha umhlalaphantsi. Ezi zinokuzikhethela ngokukhethekileyo kubatyalomali abatsha.
Eminye i-401 (k) izicwangciso zinika iipotifoliyo zemizekelo, apho ugcwalisa umbuzo, kwaye ke kukhethwa utyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kokuba ungumtyalomali osisigxina okanye usebenza nomcwangcisi wezemali owenza iziphakamiso kuwe, uninzi lwakho luya kulungeleka ukusebenzisa isikhwama somhla ojoliswe kuyo okanye ukhetho lwefolthifoliyo. Ndibiza ezi zikhethileyo iindlela zokungenisa imali !
Eminye iMithetho
Kukho imigaqo emininzi eyongezelelweyo yokuba isicwangciso se-401 (k) kufuneka silandele ukufumanisa ukuba ubani ovumelekile, xa imali ingakhokhelwa kwisicwangciso, nokuba ingaba iitaliti zingavunyelwa, ixesha lokuba imali kufuneka ifike kwisicwangciso, Okuninzi. Ukuba unemiqathango yokufunda, ungayifumana ubuninzi beenkcukacha kwiProjethi yeziPhulo zePosi ye-FAQ yewebhusayithi yeSebe lezeMisebenzi.