Ukukhetha ilungelo 401 (k) ulwabiwo lunokuba lula ngalezi zikhetho.
Nazi iindlela ezintathu zokungabi nabungqina bokunikezela i-akhawunti yakho engama-401 (k), kunye nendlela yesine enokuthi isebenze ukuba izinto zokuqala ezintathu azifumaneki.
1. Sebenzisa i-Date Target Funds
Igama elithi "umhla wokujolisa" lithetha usuku lwakho lomhlalaphantsi ojoliswe kuyo. Uyazi ukuba i-401 yakho (k) inikeza isikhwama somhla wokujolisa xa ubona unyaka wekhalenda egameni le-fund, njengeT.
I-Rowe Price Retirement Umhlala-phantsi 2030. Iimali zeemali ezijoliswe ekujoliswe kuzo zikwenza utyalo-mali lwexesha elide lula. Yenza isigqibo malunga nomnyaka onqwenela ukuba uthathe umhlalaphantsi, uze ukhethe isikhwama ngosuku olukufutshane nomhla wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi wakho. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uceba ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi malunga neminyaka engama-60, kwaye kuya kuba malunga nomnyaka we-2030, khetha i-fund ye-target date ngonyaka "2030" egameni layo.
Iikhwama sokujoliswa kwesikhwama sisasaza u-401 (k) ngemali kwiinkalo ezininzi ze-asethi ezifana nezitshixo ezinkulu zeenkampani, i-stocks ezincinci-nkampani, izibhonkco, iimpahla zentengiso ezikhulayo, izitokethi ze-estate, njl. Ikhetha ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba yeyiphi idilesi ye-asethi . Emva kokuba ukhethe isikhwama sakho somhla wokujolisa, akukho nto enye okufuneka uyenze.
Njengoko usondele kumhla ojoliswe kuwo, le ngxowa iyaqhubeka ibe yongqongqo, ibe neempahla ezincinci kunye nezibophelelo ezingaphezulu. Injongo kukunciphisa umngcipheko owenzayo njengoko usondele kumhla apho kuya kufuneka uqale ukuhoxisa kwi-401 (k) yemali.
2. Sebenzisa i-Fund balance
Ingxowa elinganayo ibeka imali kuzo zombini iifowuni kunye nezibophelelo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwinani lama-stock% angama-60, iibhondi ezingama-40%. Ngexesha apho i-market market ikhawuleza ngokunyuka, unokulindela ukuba i-fund efanelekileyo ayiyi kuvuka ngokukhawuleza. Ngexesha apho i-market market igwa, lindela ukuba i-fund efanelekileyo ayiyi kuba kude.
Ukuba awukwazi ukuba ungasethatha umhlalaphantsi, kwaye ufuna indlela eqinileyo engabonakaliyo kwaye ingabi yintlanu, ukhetha i-fund ene "elungeleleneyo" egameni layo iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo. Ikhupha i-ascs and downs. Ungayifaka yonke i-401 (k) isicwangciso sakho kwisikhwama esilungeleleneyo, njengoko kugcinwa ukulinganisela kunye nokwahlukana. Olu hlobo lweengxowa-mali, njengesikhwama somhla wokujolisa, lwenza umsebenzi kuwe.
3. Sebenzisa iiPortfoliyo zeModeli
Abaninzi abangama-401 (k) ababoneleli banikezela iipotifoliyo zemizekelo. Iphothifoliyo yemodeli isekelwe kwindlela yokwabiwa kwempahla yeemathematika. Iiphothifoliyo zinamagama afana neNqanaba I, II, III; okanye u-Conservative, oModareyitha, oNomdla. Ezi zikhundla ziqulunqwe ngabacebisi abanokuxhobisa abanomsebenzi ukwenzela ukuba iipotifoliyo nganye zeemodeli zixutywe ngokufanelekileyo kotyalo-mali kwinqanaba elijongene nalo mngcipheko. Umngcipheko ulinganiswa ngemali iphothifoliyo inokuthi iphonse kunyaka omnye ngexesha lokujika.
Uninzi lwabatyalomali abangasebenzi kunye nomcebisi wezemali baya kulungiswa ngokubeka 401 (k) imali kwenye yale mizekelo, kunokuzama ukukhetha nokukhetha phakathi kweemali ezikhoyo. Abaninzi bam bahlobo bangithumelela zabo 401 (k) iingxelo kwaye ndibuze ukuba bafanele bayenze. Xa ndibona iipotfoliyo zeplastiki ezikhoyo, ndincoma ukuba zizisebenzise.
Kubangela indlela engcono, enokulinganisela, eyongeziweyo kunokuba abantu abaninzi banokuzifeza ngokwabo.
Kwabo basebenzisana nomcebisi wezemali, kunokuba basebenzise iipotifoliyo zeemodeli, umcebisi unokukhetha iifowuni ozisebenzisayo ngendlela eququzelele ngayo utyalo-mali kwamanye ama-akhawunti. Ukuba utshatile kwaye ngamnye utyalo-mali kwii-akhawunti ezahlukeneyo, umcebisi unokuba luncedo olukhulu ekuququzeleleni ukhetho lwakho kwindlu yakho.
4. Phakamisa i-401 (k) Imali ngokulinganayo kwiinketho ezikhoyo
Uninzi lwama-401 (k) izicwangciso zinikeza uhlobo oluthile lwezigqibo ezichazwe ngasentla. Ukuba ayenayo, indlela yesine yokwabela i-401 yakho (k) imali kukusasaza ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izigqibo ezikhoyo. Oku kuya kubakhokelela kwipotfoliyo enokulinganisela. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i-401 (k) inika izigqibo ezilishumi, faka i-10% yemali yakho nganye.
Okanye, khetha i-fund enye kwiklasi nganye; njengengxowa enye kwi-cap enkulu, enye ukusuka kwikotyana encinci, enye ukusuka kwizibophelelo, enye evela kumazwe ngamazwe, kunye neyimarike yemali okanye i-fund value value. Kule meko, uza kufaka i-20%, okanye i-1/5 ye-401 yakho (k) imali kwi-fund nganye.
Le ndlela isebenza ukuba kukho i-set limit of options, kodwa ayisebenzi kakuhle ukuba kukho ngaphezulu kwe-15.
Le ndlela yokugqibela ayikho njengobungenangqiqo njengabokuqala abathathu. Xa kunokwenzeka, kuhlale kunconywa ukuba uzalise i-questionnaire yengozi ye-intanethi okanye udibane nochwepheshe otyalo-mali owaziyo ngaphambi kokukhetha i-stock investment engokulahlekelwa yimali .