Iisiseko zoTyalo-mali kwiiNkxaso
Kukho iimpahla ezi-30 ezahlukileyo ezikhoyo ukurhweba kwi-US exchange products .
Ezinye iimpahla, njengengqolowa, ziye zathengisa ngokukodwa iminyaka engama-100. Ezinye iimveliso zanyamalala kwiintengiselwano kuba azikwazi ukutsala inzala eyaneleyo yorhwebo. Ngelo xesha, abanye bafumana uncedo lokubenza babe ngabaviwa kwiimpahla zorhwebo.
IiNtshontsho ezinkulu kwiiNtshonalanga kwi-US
Le mihla kukho ezimbini iindleko ezinkulu zokutshintshana kwi-US-Iqela le-CME ne-ICE Futures. Iqela le-CME liye lide lide kwaye liyimiphumo yokuhlanganisana phakathi kwe-Chicago Mercantile Exchange kunye ne-Chicago Board yoRhwebo. I-CME izuze i-New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), iNew York Commodities Exchange (COMEX) kunye nezinye izinto ezincinane ezinokutshintshana kwiminyaka yamuva. I-CME ithengisa iinkozo, imfuyo, iimveliso zezemali, izitye, kunye neemakethe zamandla.
I-ICE Futures Exchange ithengisa iimveliso zamandla, iimpahla ezithambileyo kunye nezinye iimveliso, iimveliso zemali kunye namalungelo njengoko zineNew York Stock Exchange.
Emva kokuqala kwamandla angaphezulu kwe-counter, i-ICE Futures ithenge iBhodi ye-Trade ye-New York (i-NYBOT) njengendlela yokungena kwiimarike zexesha laseMelika. I-NYBOT dwelisa iikontraka kwieshukela, ikhofi, i-cocoa, i-cotton kunye nejusi e-orange egxile. I-ICE ineminye inomdla ngaphandle kwe-US.
Ukutshala imali kwiiMpahla
Ixabiso lemveliso kufuneka lidweliswe ngokutshintshiselwa kwabathengi ukuba bathengise iikhontrakthi kunye neendlela zokukhetha kwiimveliso ezibonakalayo. Nangona abatyali-mali behlala behlala kwiimveliso kwiimarike zenyama, ixesha elizayo kunye neendlela ezikhethiweyo zendlela yokusebenzisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwimpahla.
Kuthatha ulwazi olunzulu malunga nemveliso, kuquka indawo yokuyithenga kunye nalapho ungathengisa khona ukuze wenze utyalo-mali olufanelekileyo. Iindleko zorhwebo zonyango zingaba ziphezulu kakhulu, njengoko zifuneka zithengwe ngobuninzi kwizinga elibanzi. Ixesha elizayo leemveliso livumela umnini-zimali okanye umhwebi ukuba athathe izikhundla ezide kunye nezifutshane ngokuthumela ixabiso elincinane lexesha elizayo ukulawula inani elikhulu lexabiso. Umda wexabiso elifanelekileyo lokukholwa kwixabiso lekontileka yexesha elizayo.
Iikhontrakthi zexesha elizayo zeempahla ezidweliswe ngokutshintshiselwa zilungelelaniso ezenza ukuba zixhobo zokuthengisa ngokuthengwa kwamanzi. Omnye unokuthenga okanye athengise iikhontrakthi zexesha elizayo naliphi na ixesha iimarike zivulekile. Ngokufanayo akunjalo ukutyalomali kwiimarike ezithengiswayo.
Iimveliso zithengiswa kwii-US Exchange
Uluhlu lwezinto eziphambili ezithengiswa kwii-US zintengiso ziquka:
Ummbila, i-soybean, i-ngqolowa, i-oats, irayisi, ioli ye-soybean, i-soybean, iifomo eziphilileyo, iinkomo ezixhamlayo, iifolo ezinamafutha, i-hugs engcolileyo, i-oil oil, i-gas e-non -aded (RBOB), i-gas, i-ethanol, igolide, isilivere, i-platinum, i-palladium, ubhedu, i-cocoa, ikhofi, iswekile, ubisi, ikotoni, ijusi le-orange kunye namatye.
Kukho ezinye iindleko zexesha elizayo zokuthengisa ezithengiselwano kwaye kukho nezinye izinto ezixutywayo ezithengisa ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu. Kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezithengisa ukuthengisana kwempahla emhlabeni jikelele. Izinto ezininzi ezithengiswayo eziphambili zelizwe elithile ziyakwazi ukurhweba kulowo mhlaba ukuthengiswa kwempahla ngenxa yokufuna ukulungiswa okanye ukuvalelwa kwintengo yokuhanjiswa kwexesha elizayo. Kufuneka kubekho isizathu soqoqosho ukuluhlu lwempahla ekutshintshisweni. Izizathu zezoqoqosho zivame ukuhlaselwa ngabavelisi okanye abathengi bezinto ezibonakalayo.
Kukho nezinye iindlela zokutshala imali kwizinto ezininzi. Iimarike zokulingana zibonelela ngezixhobo ezisekelwe kwimpahla ezama ukuzama ukuphindaphinda intlawulo yesenzo kwimpahla. Ezi mveliso zibizwa nge-ETFs okanye ze-ETNs.
Iimarike zezobulungisa nazo zinikeza izabelo kwiinkampani ezivelisa iimveliso ezininzi emhlabeni jikelele oluluhlu lweenjongo zokuphakamisa imali. Nangona kunjalo, iifowuni ezinxulumene neemveliso azikho umdlalo ococekileyo kwizinto eziphathekayo, batyalo-mali kwinkampani enomdla kwimpahla ethile okanye iimveliso kunye nomngcipheko othe ngqo kwimveliso yenkampani nezinye izinto kunezinto ezithengiswayo. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela intengo yesitokisi, eso simbothi sinokuthi singahambelani kunye nexabiso lentengo kwimpahla emele yona.