Ukutshala imali kwiMethodisti ukuya eMzantsi Afrika ukuya eDominini
UJohn Wesley, umsunguli wenhlangano yamaMethodist, wanxusa abalandeli bakhe ukuba babalekele inzuzo ngenxa yabamelwane babo. Ngenxa yoko, bayeke ukusebenzisana okanye ukutyalomali kwabo bafumana imali yabo ngotywala, ucuba, izixhobo okanye ukugembula - ngokuqinisekileyo kusekwa izikrini zentlalo-mali.
Nangona amaMethodist kunye namalungu eminye imfundiso esetyenziselwa imimiselo ethile ekutyalweni kwabo kwiminyaka - amaSulumane awazange atyala imali kwiibhanki, umzekelo - bekungekho kwi-60ties ukuba utyalo-mali olujongene noluntu lugxotha njengoluleko lotyalo-mali.
'60s
Ukunganeliseki phakathi kwabafundi kunye nabanye abantu abaselula baholele ekubhikeleni kwiMfazwe yaseVietnam kunye nenkqutyana yeenkampani ezinika izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwimfazwe. Ngelo xesha, amalungelo oluntu kunye nokulingana ngokobuhlanga baphuma ngokugqwesa. Amabhanki ophuhliso loluntu asekwe kwimimandla ephantsi okanye engenabantu abancinci beyinxalenye yentshukumo eyavelisa uMthetho wamaLungelo oLuntu ka-1964 kunye noMthetho woLungelo lokuVota ka-1965.
'70s
Ngethuba lamashumi anesixhenxe, i-activism yentlalo yasasazeka kwimicimbi yokulawulwa kwabasebenzi kwiinkampani, ngelixa ukhuseleko lwendalo luye lwaba luqwalasela abanye abatyalo-mali. Usuku loMhlaba wokuqala lugujwa ngowe-1970.
Njengoko iminyaka elishumi igqoke, ukukhathazeka ukuba abaninzi ababenzi-ntsholongwane babesengozini yokungcoliseka kwamandla enyukliya kwandiswa ngengozi kwisixhobo senyukliya seTree Mile Island.
Uphuhliso olubalulekileyo lwentlalo-mali enoxanduva lwentlalo lwenzeka ngo-1970, xa uRalph Nader, ummeli wommeli, ummeli wendalo kunye nomviwa ozimele ozimelayo kumongameli wase-United States, waphumelela ekufumaneni izigqibo ezisekelwe kuluntu kwi-electoral proxy ivoti ye-General Motors, umqeshi omkhulu kumhlaba ngelo xesha.
Nangona zombini iivoti zahluleka, kwakungowokuqala ukuba iKhomishana yokuTshintshiselwa kweeNkxaso zeMatriki ivumelekile ukuba imiba yexanduva loluntu ivele kwi-voting proxy.
Inkqubela yaqhubekela phambili kwi-SRI ngexesha lamashumi asishiyagalombili, ngokugqithiseleyo ngokuzama ukuphelisa inkqubo yobandlululo eMzantsi Afrika. Abatyalomali ngabanye kunye namaziko bathatha imali yabo kwiinkampani ezisebenza eMzantsi Afrika. Izigqibo zotyalo-mali zeeCawe, iiYunivesithi, izixeko, kunye namazwe aqhuba amaninzi amaninzi e-US ukuba ahlule imisebenzi yawo yaseMzantsi Afrika. Oku kwakhokelela ekungazinzi kwezoqoqosho eMzantsi Afrika kwaye kwanegalelo ekugqibeleni kokugqitywa kobandlululo.
'80s
Ekuqaleni kwee-1980 kwakukho ixesha apho iimali ezahlukahlukeneyo zenziwa ngokukhawulelana nokuxhalabisa abatyala-mali. Ezi mali zisebenzise izikrini ezintle kunye nezimbi ezikhethweni zazo. Iimali zazibandakanya iCalvert Social Investment Fund kunye nePortassus Fund. Izikrini zazibandakanya ukuxhalabisa okubalulekileyo kweeMethodist - izixhobo, utywala kunye nocuba kunye nokugembula - kodwa kunye nemiba yamhlanje, njengokwanda kwe-nyukliya, ukungcola kokusingqongileyo kunye nokunyangwa kwabasebenzi.
'90'
Ngo-1990 bekukho ukunyuka okwaneleyo kweemali ezihlangeneyo ze-SRI kunye nokukhula ekuthandeni njengendlela yokutyalwa kwemali, ukunika isalathisi ukulinganisa ukusebenza.
I-Domini Social Index, eyenziwe ngamashishini angama-400 ngokukhulu-mali amakhulu ase-US, afana ne-S & P 500, yasungulwa ngo-1990.
Ezi nkampani zikhethwe ngokubhekiselele kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zentlalo kunye nezosingqongileyo kwaye banike abatyali-mali ukuba banike umlinganiselo wokulinganisela ukusebenza kweefomali ezicutshungulwayo ngokumalunga nama-counterparts abo angabhalwanga. Ngexesha elide isalathisi sinokukunceda ukuchasisa ingxabano yokuba ngokunciphisa iinkampani abazibandakanya kuzo kwiipotifoliyo zabo ababezilungiselela ukubuyiswa kwezantsi kunokuba abatyala-mali bendabuko.
I-activism eyabangela ukuchongwa kwezikrini ezithile kunye nokubandakanyeka kwengxoxo kunye neenkampani ezinokuziphatha okungaqinisekiyo kunye nokuqhuba ukukhula koluntu-mali, enye inxalenye ebalulekileyo yokutyalo-mali olujongene noluntu. Inkxaso yamaziko emali ophuhliso lwentlalo akhula ngexesha lama-1960 njengendlela yokujongana nokungalingani ngokobuhlanga.
Abaqhubi baxela ukuba kukho impembelelo entle yentlalo ngokutyalomali kwi-CDFIs, leyo eyayiza kubangela ukuba imali ibe ngamashishini amancinci kunye neenkqubo zezindlu kwimimandla ephantsi engenayo. Iimali zenziwa kubantu abahluphekileyo, ababahlawulela ngesantya somdla, ukubonelela ukubuyisela abatyalo-mali kunokuba bazi imali yabo kusetyenziswa ngendlela enhle yentlalo.
Ngalo mhla
Ukukhawuleza kwinto yangoku, kwaye sibona ukukhawuleza kweendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuzinziwayo iingxaki ezinokuvela njengefom ye-SRI 2.0 kuquka ne- Impact Investing , ukuGxininiswa koTyalo-mali oluzinzileyo , kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuguquka.
Ngemiba eqhubekayo yokubonakalisa ukusuka kwingeniso kunye nobutyebi ukungatshintshi kwemozulu, lindele ukuba le mizila iqhubeke kwaye iqiniseke phambili phambili ngokukodwa njengoko izicwangciso zokuzinza ziqhubeka zongeza ixabiso lemali kwiinkampani kunye nabanini-nxaxheba.