Funda Iimali zeeRhafu zokuHlawula iiRhafu kunye neendlela eziSebenza ngayo
Nangona kukho iindlela ezifanelekileyo kunye namanyathelo onokuthatha kunye nomgcini-mali we-akhawunti yomntu oqinisekisiweyo (CPA) kunye nomcwangcisi wezemali oqinisekisiweyo (CFP) ukunceda ukulungiselela iirhafu eziya kuphazamisa isicwangciso sakho somhlala-phantsi, i-akhawunti yomhlala-phantsi yomhlalaphantsi yindlela kuphela ukuphepha ingxaki yerhafu ngokuhlala phantsi. Ngaba ivakala kakhulu ukuba ingaba yinyaniso? Akunjalo, kodwa kukho imida kunye nemithetho elawula ukuba i-akhawunti engenzi-ntlawulo isebenze njani, kwaye zonke iinjongo nazo ziphantsi. Ukuhlolisisa i-akhawunti ye-akhawunti yomhlala-phantsi yomhlala-phantsi, nali iimpendulo kwimibuzo efunwa rhoqo.
Umbuzo: Kuthetha ntoni ukuba kukho into engekho yerhafu?
A: I-akhawunti ithathwa njengentlawulo yeentlawulo ukuba akukho ntlawulo yombuso okanye irhafu ehlawulwayo kwingeniso efunyenwe kwi-akhawunti xa ifunyenwe ingeniso kwaye xa isasazwa okanye ihoxiswa. Kungenxa yezi ntlobo ze-akhawunti ukuba imali ingatyaliswa kwaye ikhule ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa kweerhafu kwixesha elizayo kwangoko ukukhupha imali eyokuchitha.
Q: Yiyiphi imizekelo yeeakhawunti ezingenanto?
A: Kukho i-akhawunti yomhlala-phantsi kuphela yerhafu yomhlala-phantsi: iRoth IRAs kunye neRoth 401 (k) izicwangciso. Ngaphantsi kwemithetho echaziweyo yokurhoxiswa kunye nemingeniso yonyaka kunye negalelo lonyaka, imali engemva kwerhafu efunyenwe kwiRoth IRA okanye iRoth 401 (k) ivumelekile ukuba ikhule inkululeko kwaye ihlala ingekho irhafu xa ihoxiswa ngomhlalaphantsi.
Ayikho enye inqwelo-mali yokugcina umhlala-phantsi. Ngenxa yokuba esi sixhobo esixabisekileyo kubacwangcisi bemhlala-phantsi kodwa kungekhona kwi-IRS (njengoko ilahlekelwa yithuba lokuhlawula irhafu leyo ingaba yinani lexabiso le-akhawunti), kukho imithetho egxininisekayo yokulawula indlela i-Roth IRAs isetyenziselwa ngayo ukuhlala ngaphandle kwentela.
Abantu abaninzi banokuphambuka nokubiza ii-akhawunti zeMveli ze-IRAs . Nangona kuyi nyaniso ukuba imali etyalomali kwi-IRA yeNdabuko ivumelekile ukuba ikhule ikhululekile kwiirhafu, i-akhawunti ngokwenene i-akhawunti echazwe ngerhafu ichaza ukuba irhafu ilibaziseka nje. Kwi-IRA yeNdabuko, ukurhoxiswa kuxhomekeke kwerhafu yengeniso kwaye ngenxa yokulawulwa okuncinci okufunekayo (RMD), ngelixa abanikazi be-akhawunti bajika i-70 ½, kufuneka bathatyathelwe kwaye ngoko ke bahlawuliswe. Zininzi izithuthi zotyalo-mali ezibonelela ngenzuzo yokuxhaswa kwentela kwi-benefit free tax. Ngokomzekelo, ukongeza kwii-IRAs zeMveli, i-annuities kunye nexabiso lokunikezela ngemali ye- inshorensi yonke ye-inshorensi iyasebenza njenge-akhawunti ehlawulwe irhafu. Ekupheleni kosuku, nge-akhawunti echazwe ngerhafu , iirhafu zifuneka ngexesha lokusasazwa kunye ne-akhawunti engenakho irhafu ngaphandle kweerhafu ezifunekayo xa nje zilandelwa imithetho.
Umbuzo: I-akhawunti ye-irhafu engenamarha ihluke njani kwi-akhawunti ehlawulwe irhafu?
A: Uhlobo oluphambili phakathi kwe-akhawunti engenakho irhafu kunye ne-akhawunti ekhutshwe irhafu kukuba e-United States, abantu ngabanye abanako ukuseka ii-akhawunti ezihlawulwe irhafu. Nangona kunjalo, abantu ngabanye bangafaka imali kwiintlobo ezithile zeebhondi ezifana nezibhanki zikamasipala ezihlawula umrhumo ohlawulwa ngerhafu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umdla olunjalo lukhutshwa kuphela kwerhafu yombuso ngaphandle kokuba idibana nezinye iimpawu zokuba zixolelwe kwiirhafu zorhulumente kunye neendawo zendawo.
Umbuzo: Usebenza njani ukuba i-akhawunti ayikho irhafu?
A: Zonke iimali-mali zinakho ukuhlawula imali, ukunyuka kwexabiso, okanye zombini. Ingeniso evela kwezo ntalo-mali ivela kwimithombo emibini ephambili: inzala kunye nezihlawulelo. Ukuba utsalo-mali lugcinwe kwi-akhawunti ehlawulwayo, ingeniso yongezwa kwingeniso yerhafu yomnini yonyaka kwaye iziphumo zentlawulo ephezulu yerhafu.
Nayiphi na ukuthengiswa kwezinto ezigcinwe kwi-akhawunti ehlawuliswayo ezithengiswa ngaphezu kwezinto ezityalwe kuyo kuya kubangela ingeniso eyongezelelweyo kunye nerhafu yengeniso elandelayo. Nangona akukho rhafu luza kuba ngenxa yokuba utyalo-mali olufanayo lwalugcinwe kwi-akhawunti engenakho irhafu.
Umbuzo: Ngaba ndiza kufumana irhoxiso yerhafu malunga negalelo elenziwe kwiakhawunti engenakho irhafu?
A: Ngokubanzi impendulo emfutshane ayikho. Inzuzo ye-akhawunti engenamarhafu yintlawulo yokukhululeka kwentela. I-trade-off eyinzuzo kule nzuzo (ngaphandle kwemithetho eqinile elawula ii-akhawunti ezingenanto yerhafu njengeRoth IRAs) kukuba awufumani ukuncitshiswa kwegalelo lokuqala kwisicwangciso kwaye igalelo kufuneka lenziwe ngemali yentela .
Nangona kunjalo, kukho olunye uhlobo lwe-akhawunti olungasetyenziselwa ngexesha lomhlala-phantsi onika iingeniso zerhafu zangaphambili kunye nokukhula kwentlawulo ye-engenayo-i-Akhawunti Yokugcina Impilo okanye i-HSA. Nge- HSA , ufumana irhoxiso yerhafu yengeniso xa unika imali, kodwa xa usebenzisa imali kwi-HSA yakho kwiindleko zonyango kunye neeprojeyam zempilo zonyango ezifanelekileyo, ezi ntlawulo ziphuma ngaphandle kwentlawulo.