Unokwenza ifayile yeSahluko 13 xa ungeke ukwazi ukufaka ifomathi 7 ye-bankruptcy ngenxa yokuba umvuzo wakho uphakeme kakhulu okanye ukuba unayo impahla ofuna ukuyigcina. Ngokomzekelo, unako ukugcina ikhaya lakho ukusuka ekungqiniweyo ngokuhlawula iziphumo zakho ngokucwangcisa iSicwangciso seSahluko 13 sokuhlawula imali ngelixa uhlawula rhoqo ngenyanga.
Indlela yokufanelekela iSahluko 13 sokuPhalalisa
Umthetho we-bankruptcy wase-US uvumela abantu ukuba bafake iSahluko 13 se-bankruptcy nje kuphela ukuba amatyala abo angakhuselekanga angaphantsi kwama-$ 360,475 kunye namatyala aqinisekileyo angaphantsi kwamaRandi ayi-1,081,400. Abantu abaqeshwe ngokuzimeleyo banokufakela i-bankruptcy nje kuphela ukuba ibhizinisi labo lingabandakanywa.
Awukwazi ukufaka ifomathi ye-13 ye-bankruptcy ukuba unokuxoshwa kwebhanki kwiintsuku eziyi-180 ezedlule ngenxa yokuba awuphumelelanga ukuvela enkundleni okanye ngokuzithandela uyeke ukuhlawulwa kwebhanki kuba ababolekisi bakho bazama ukubuyisela ipropati yakho. Kumele ufumane ukululekwa ngekhredithi kwi-aganethi yokunika iingcebiso zekhredithi evunyiwe enkundleni iintsuku ezili-180 ngaphambi kokuba ufake i-bankruptcy.
Iimfomfomati eziyimfuneko
Xa ufaka iSahluko 13 se-bankruptcy, kufuneka ufake iifayile ezithile kunye nesicelo sakho sokubhenela. Oku kubandakanya:
- Ishedyuli yezinto kunye namatyala
- Ishedyuli yengeniso kunye neendleko
- Ishedyuli yeenkontileka zokuqhuba kunye nokuqeshiswa okungafunekiyo
- Ingxelo yezemali
- Ubungqina bentlawulo, ukuba uhlawulwe kwiintsuku ezingama-60 phambi kokufowunelwa kwakho
- Isitatimende sokubeka uluhlu lwenyanga yakho yenyanga ngeniso kunye neendleko
- Ukubuyela kwakho kwerhafu kwangoko
Unokukhuphela iifom ezifunekayo zebhanki kwi-website yeNkundla yase-United States efunyenwe kwi-USCourts.gov.
Ngakanani iSahluko 13 Iindleko zeNgxowa-mali
Iindleko zeenkundla ezipheleleyo zeSahluko 13 sokuchithwa yi-$ 271. Oku kufaka i-$ 235 imali yokufakela kunye ne-$ 39 yemirhumo yezolawulo. Ukuba ungeke ukwazi ukuhlawula imali epheleleyo ngaphambili, ungenza iintlawulo zentlawulo ezine. Iintlawulo zentlawulo mazihlawulwe zingaphantsi kweentsuku ezili-120 zokufowunela okanye ukuhlawulwa kwecala lakho.
ISahluko 13 Inkqubo yokuBhawula
Emva kokuba ufake ifowuni yakho ye-Sahluko 13 sokuphelisa, unemizuzu engama-15 ukufakela isicwangciso sakho sokubuyisela, ukuba awuzange uyifake isikhalazo sakho.
Intlanganiso yababolekisi ibanjwe phakathi kweentsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kwe-50 emva kokuba ufake i-Chapter 13 ye-bankruptcy. Kufuneka ukuba ube khona kule ntla nganiso ukuphendula imibuzo evela kumphathiswa wakho otyunjwe yinkundla kunye nababolekisi. Bobabini kunye neqabane lakho kufuneka niye kwiintlanganiso zababolekisi ukuba ngaba ufake isikhalazo sokudibanisa.
Intetho yokuqinisekisa kufuneka ibanjwe zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-45 emva kwentlanganiso yababolekisi.
Ijaji ye-bankruptcy iya kuqinisekisa, ukuguqula okanye ukuphika isicwangciso sakho sokubuyisela.
Xa isicwangciso sakho siqinisekisiweyo, umphathiswa wakho uya kuqala ukuhlawula iintlawulo zakho kubabolekisi bakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isicwangciso sakho singagqitywanga, umphathiswa uya kubuya kuwe nayiphi na intlawulo oyenzile iindleko zolawulo ezingaphantsi.
Emva kokuba isicwangciso sakho siqinisekisiwe, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba umphathiswa wakho ufumana iintlawulo zakho zenyanga. Unokuhlawula ngqo umphathiswa okanye ube neentlawulo ezithathelwe kwi-paycheck yakho. Ukuba uyaphula ukwenza iintlawulo zakho zenyanga, ityala lakho lingasuswa okanye liguqulwe kwimeko yeCandelo 7 lokuchithwa. Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlawula inkxaso yenkxaso yakho yomntwana, i-alimony, okanye irhafu nayo inokubangela ukuxothwa kwimeko.
Isahluko 13 Ukuchithwa kweBhanki
ISahluko 13 sokukhutshwa komthetho ngokuchithwa kwamatyala siyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa amatyala amaninzi angakhutshwa kwiSahluko 13 sokutshatyalaliswa kunokuba kuSahluko 7.
Iimali zakho ziyakuthi zikhutshwe ukuba unayo:
- Yenza inkxaso yonke yomntwana wakho kunye neentlawulo ze-alimony
- Awufumani ukukhutshwa kweSahluko 13 kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo okanye iSahluko 711, okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-12 kwiminyaka emine edlulileyo
- Ukugqitywa kwikhosi yolawulo lwemali evunyiweyo yenkundla
Ukukhutshwa kwe-Bankruptcy kukukhupha uxanduva lwakho lokuhlawula izikwere ezidweliswe kwisicwangciso sakho sokutsalwa. Amanye amatyala awakwazi ukukhutshwa. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukuhlawula imali
- Ukuxhasa abantwana kunye ne-alimony
- Iirhafu ezithile
- Mboleko ya bafundi
- Iimbambiso ezibangelwa ukufa okanye ukulimala ngelixa uqhuba ngefuthe leziyobisi okanye utywala
- Iikiti zamathutho okanye iintlawulo zomthetho
- Iingxowa ezifunyenwe ngokukhwabanisa