Isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi luhlobo lwesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esifana ne- 401 (k) isicwangciso okanye i-403 (b) isicwangciso. Umhlala-phantsi unokuba unika iminikelo yenyanga yepesenteji ebekiwe, kodwa inxalenye enkulu yeminikelo iya kuvela kumqeshi wakho. Isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi asikunikezi iindlela ezifanayo zokutyalomali njengama- 401 (k), kodwa inesiqiniseko sakho semali ethile ngenyanga nganye xa ufikelele kumhlalaphantsi.
Imfomula yale mali iyahlukahluka yinkampani. Iyakucinga ubude bexesha osebenzele inkampani, umvuzo wakho kunye nezinye izinto.
Ngaba iPlani yePenshini okanye 401 (k) engcono?
Izimpesheni zazithandwa kakhulu emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwaye ziza kuma-80, ngenxa yokuba ngelo xesha abaqeshwa abaninzi bahlala kunye nenkampani ukususela apho baqala ukusebenza khona de bahlala phantsi. Ngokuhamba kwabantu abaninzi abaye bafumana kwimarike yomsebenzi ngoku, abaninzi abantu bayakuthanda i-401 (k) isicwangciso onokuyilungisa kwi-IRA xa utshintshe imisebenzi. I-401 (k) iphinde ikunikeze ulawulo oluthile phezu kotyalo-mali ngaphandle kwesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi. Unako ukwandisa igalelo lakho kunye ne-401 (k) isicwangciso, kwaye awuvunyelwe ukwenza njalo kunye nezicwangciso ezininzi zempesheni.
Ngaba Ndingakhetha i-401 (k) okanye iSicwangciso soPensheni?
Iinkampani zaqalisa ukuqalisa izicwangciso zempesheni kuma-1980 kwaye zaqala ukunikela ngama-401 (k) esikhundleni sendawo.
Unokhetho malunga nesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi xa usebenza kwi-arhente karhulumente okanye kwinkampani enomanyano omkhulu. Ezi ziinkampani apho ungasebenzisa yonke imisebenzi yakho yokusebenza. Ukuba uyazi ukuba uya kuba kunye nenkampani eninzi emisebenzini yakho, kuyacaca ukuba utyalomali kwisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uya kuhamba phakathi kweenkampani, awukwazi ukuzuza kakhulu kwisicwangciso sempesheni. Ezinye iinkampani ziya kunika zombini iinketho. Okukhethiweyo kufuneka kusekelwe kwixesha elide uceba ukunamathela kwinkampani. Ukuba usebenza njengotitshala, kwaye urhulumente uqhuba isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi, unako ukufumana isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi kwaye kuya kunengqiqo ukukhetha olo khetho kuba uya kuqhubeka usebenza kwimeko efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isicwangciso sakho sishiya kwiminyaka emihlanu okanye elishumi, kwenza kube lula ukuhamba kunye no-401 (k).
Ndingayifumana njani iSicwangciso soMhlala-phantsi kunye neSicwangciso soPenshini?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeplani zempesheni, kwaye igalelo lakho legalelo lingahluke ngokwemiqathango ecwangcisiweyo kwesi cwangciso. Inkampani inokufuna ukuba unikezele isamba semali nganye kwisicwangciso sakho. Oku kuya kufikelela kwipesenti ezilishumi elinesithoba kwiinjongo zokulondoloza umhlala-phantsi . Kufuneka uqonde ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba unikezwe kwisicwangciso. Oku kuthetha ukuba uya kufumana izibonelelo ezipheleleyo zomhlala-phantsi okwangoku, nangona ushiya inkampani ukusebenzela omnye umntu.
Xa umsebenzi wakho unikeza isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi, uya kucwangcisa umhlala-phantsi wakho ngokwahlukileyo. Ukongeza kwipenshoni yakho, kuya kufuneka utyalole umhlalaphantsi wakho kunye namanye ama- akhawunti omhlala phantsi .
Kufuneka uvule i- Roth IRA kwaye ubone ixabiso elivunyelweyo ngonyaka ngamnye. Oku kuya kunika ukuguquguquka ngakumbi kwaye iplani yakho yempesheni inikezela kwaye inokunceda ukuba uthathe ulawulo lomhlalaphantsi wakho. I-Roth IRA ikunika iindleko zerhafu ezingcono kwixesha elide. Ukuba awunayo imali eyaneleyo yokutyala imali evumelekileyo yonke kanye, amafama amaninzi atyala imali aya kuvula ukutshintshwa kweenyanga ukuvumela ukuba uvule i-akhawunti.
Ngaba iProgram yePensheni iyindlela efanelekileyo?
Umhlala-phantsi unemiba emibi neyiyo. Xa usebenzela u rhu lumente, unganakho ukukhetha ngokubanzi kwisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi owanikwa ngawo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda iinkcukacha ezithile eziphathelele kwisicwangciso sakho. Abaninzi abaqeshi baya kunika iworkshopu yonyaka kwisicwangciso okanye bahambe kwiinkcukacha ezithile zesicwangciso ngexesha lokuqhelanisa.
Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngohlobo lwesicwangciso ofumanayo, nokuba ingahlawulwanga isicwangciso (uxhomekeke ngemali ukuhlawula iintlawulo emva koko) okanye ukungahlawulwanga imali (akukho mali ebekelwe bucala kwizibonelelo ezizayo), thetha nomntu ummeli wemithombo. Emva kokuba uqonda zonke iinkalo zesicwangciso, uya kuba nakho ukwenza izigqibo zokucwangcisa umhlala-phantsi ukwenzela ukuba unqabile ukuhlala phantsi. Amanye ama-arhente kunye neenkampani ziguqukile ukusuka kumhlala-phantsi ukuya kwisicwangciso se-401 (k), kwaye ukuba unikwe ipensheni le nto inokwenzeka nakuwe. Kufuneka ufunde ngokucophelela imimiselo kunye neemeko kwaye ubuyekeze inzuzo enokuyifumana xa ukuguqulwa kwenzeka ukuba uqiniseke ukuba umhlala-phantsi wakho ukhuselekile.