I-12.5 yezigidi zabantu baseMerika bafumana i-82,023 / Unyaka weeNdidi zeMisebenzi
Ngokomzekelo, iibhaki, i-candy stores, kunye nabaxhasi bemveli baqwalaselwa ngemveliso kuba bakhiqiza iimveliso ngaphandle kwamacandelo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukushicilelwa kwencwadi, ukungena ngemvume kunye nokumbiwa kwemigodi ayicatshangwanga kwimveliso kuba ayitshintshi into entle kwimveliso entsha.
Ukwakhiwa kuluhlu lwawo kwaye aluqwalaselwe njengokwenziwa kwemveliso. Ukufumana okunye, khangela i- Top 10 entsha yabakhi basekhaya kunye neNdima yeCandelo loThengisa iMpahla . (Umthombo: "I-NAICS," i-US Census Bureau.)
Kukho i-12.5 yezigidi zaseMerika kwimisebenzi yokuvelisa. Ngo-2016, bafumana i-82,023 (iquka ukuhlawula kunye neenzuzo) ngokulinganayo. Ziyi-12 ekhulwini ngaphezu komsebenzi ophakathi. Bakhiqiza i-2.18 trillion, okanye i-11,7 ekhulwini, ngokuveliswa kwezoqoqosho. Ukukhutshwa yiyona nxalenye ebalulekileyo yemveliso yekhaya .
I-United States ngumenzi omkhulu kwihlabathi, kwi-18.2 yepesenti yenani. I-China iyisibini esondeleyo, kuma-17.6 ekhulwini. Enyanisweni, ukuba iimveliso zase-US ziyilizwe , liza kuba likhulu le-10 kwihlabathi. Ukukhiqizwa kweMelika ngokwayo kuvelisa ngaphezu kwezoqoqosho zonke zeCanada okanye eMexico .
Abasebenzi baseMzantsi Afrika bavelisa kakhulu ihlabathi. Oku kungenxa yokusetyenziswa kweekhompyutha kunye ne robotics. Baye bancitshisa inani lemisebenzi ngokususa abasebenzi.
Iintlobo zemisebenzi yokuThengisa
Ubalo lwahlula amashishini amashishini kumaqela amaninzi. Nantsi isishwankathelo.
- Ukutya, isonka kunye noGuba
- Izitya, Isikhumba, kunye ne-Apparel
- Umthi, iPhepha kunye noPrinta
- I-Petroleum, iilahle, iiKhemikhali, iiPlastics kunye neRubber
- Nonmetallic Mineral
- I-Primary Metal, i-Fabricated Metal kunye namaMashishini
- Ikhompyutha kunye neZixhobo
- Izixhobo zombane, izixhobo zokusebenza kunye nezixhobo
- Zothutho
- Ifenitshala
- UkuThengiswa okuThileyo
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha malunga nawaphi na amashishini, iya kwi-Index Index. Kuza kukuxelela ngokubanzi malunga necandelo, kubandakanywa nemigangatho kunye namaxabiso kwishishini. Uya kufumana amanani malunga nabasebenzi ngokwabo, kubandakanya ukufa, ukulimala, kunye nezifo.
Umthombo wesibini yi- Bureau of Labor Statistics . Inika isikhokelo kwiindidi zemisebenzi elamashishini. Nantsi uluhlu olukhawulezayo:
- Iintlanganiso kunye neMpahla
- Bakers
- Iingcali zeeLebhu zeeDental
- Umsebenzi wokuCwangcisa ukutya
- AbaSebenzi bokuPhatha
- Iigugu kunye nabaSebenzi beNtsimbi kunye nabaSebenzi abazixabisekileyo
- Machinists kunye nesixhobo kunye nokufa
- Ochwepheshe bezeMpilo
- Abasebenzi beMetri kunye nabasebenzi bePlastiki
- Ophthalmic Iingcali zoLwazi
- Abadwebi kunye nabaSebenzi beengubo
- Abaqhubi beeNdalo zoMbane
- Ukuprinta
- Ulawulo lwemeko
- Abacwangcisi be-Semiconductor
- Abacukuzi kunye nabaThengisi
- Abaxhamli kunye nePatter Packers
- IiNjineli eziPhezulu kunye nabaSebenzi boBuyili
- Upholsterers
- Amanzi kunye noTywala wamanzi
- Abaphehli, abaCwebi, iiSolderers
- Ba sebenzi
I-BLS ichaza ukuba yintoni le mi sebenzi ifana nayo, imfundo okanye uqeqesho oluninzi lufunekayo, kunye nomyinge womvuzo. Kwakhona kuya kukuxelela oko kufana nokusebenza emsebenzini, zingaphi na ezikhoyo, nokuba ingaba yintsimi ekhulayo. Unokufumana nokuba yiziphi izakhono ezithile ezisetyenzisiweyo, nokuba ngaba isatifikethi esithile siyadingeka, nendlela yokufumana uqeqesho olufunekayo. Esi sikhokelo singatholakala kwiMisebenzi yoPhulo.
Iimpawu kwiMisebenzi yokuThengisa
Iinkqubo zokuvelisa zitshintsha, kwaye kunjalo ke izakhono zomsebenzi ezifunekayo. Abavelisi bahlala befuna iindlela ezithembekileyo zokuvelisa iimpahla zabo. Kungenxa yoko, nangona inani leemisebenzi lixelwe ukuncipha, imisebenzi ehleliyo ihlawulwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, baya kufuna imfundo noqeqesho ukuba bafumane izakhono ezifunekayo.
Kungenxa yezizathu ezibini. Okokuqala, imfuno yemveliso ekhiqizwayo ikhula kwiimarike ezikhulayo ezifana neIndiya neChina. UMcKinsey uqikelele ukuba le nto ingaba yintathu, ukuya kuma-30 trillion, ngo-2025. La mazwe aya kufuna i-70 ekhulwini yempahla eyenziwe ngehlabathi jikelele.
Le nto iya kufuna njani utshintsho lwemisebenzi yokuvelisa? Iinkampani ziya kufuneka zinikeze iimveliso ezithile kwiimfuno zeemarike ezihlukeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, imisebenzi yemisebenzi yabathengi iya kubaluleka kubakhiqizi.
Okwesibini, abakhiqizi bafumana iteknoloji enzulu kakhulu kubo bobabini badibana nale mifuno ekhethekileyo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko. Nazi ezintandathu:
- I-Nanotechnology idala ixesha elitsha le-microelectronics.
- Isinyithi esinezitshixo, i-aluminium kunye ne-carbon fibers zenza iimoto zikhanyise kwaye zisebenze ngakumbi.
- Ubunjineli beBoo-engineering budala amayeza amaninzi afanelekileyo.
- Ukushicilelwa kwe-3D kudala iimpawu zokubambisa ngokudibanisa iincinci ezincinci kunokuba zifakwe okanye zitshintshwe. Nangona kunjalo, zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi ukuvelisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ze-aerospace kunye nezitho zomntu ezithatha indawo.
- IiRobot ziya kuba zikhulu kakhulu.
- Idatha ebanzi isetyenziselwa ukuhlaziya iindwendwe zabathengi kunye nokuphuhliswa komkhiqizo.
(Umthombo: "Lungele i-Era entsha yeNtengiso Yomhlaba," i-Harvard Business Review, ngoJanuwari 31, 2013.)