Unako ukusebenzisa ii-REIT kwi-Invest in Real Estate Properties
- Ukuthengisa kufaka phakathi iindawo zokuthenga ezithengileyo zangaphandle, iindawo zokugcina izitya zangaphandle kunye nabathengisi bebhokisi. Kwakhona kubandakanya izitolo zokutya kunye neevenkile. Ixabiso layo lijikeleze i-$ 2.1 trillion okanye iipesenti ezingama-36 zexabiso elipheleleyo lezorhwebo. Iqukethe ubuncinane ubuncinane be-9.5 billion square square of space center.
- Amahotele afaka ama-motels, ii-resorts zokungcebeleka, kunye neeehotele zoshishino. Eli candelo alibandakanyi amakhaya ahlawula amagumbi nge-Airbnb. Kukho ama-4.4 yezigidi zeehotele zeehotele ezixabisa i $ 1.92 trillion.
- Izakhiwo zeeofisi ziquka zonke izinto ezisuka kwii-skatecrapers zaseManhattan kwiofisi yegosa lakho. Kukho ii-square ezi-4 zeenyawo zesikhundla se-office, ezixabisa i-$ 1.7 trillion okanye i-29 ekhulwini yenani.
- Izakhiwo zeepropati zithengiswa kwezindlu. Iinkampani zinabo kuphela ukubuyisela inzuzo. Yingakho amakhaya aqeshiswa ngabanini bawo ahlala kuyo, angabi ngezoshishino. Ezinye iingxelo zibandakanya idatha yokwakha indlu yokuhlala kwiimanani zendawo yokuhlala yokuhlala endaweni yokuthengisa impahla. Kukho iinyawo ezili-33 zeenyawo zendawo yokuhlala yokuqeshisa, zibiza malunga ne $ 1.44 trillion.
- Ipropati yoshishino isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa, ukusabalalisa okanye ukugcina impahla. Akusoloko kuthathwa njengorhwebo, ngokukodwa kwizicwangciso zokusetyenziswa komhlaba kunye nokucandwa. Kukho ii-square ezigidi ezili-13 zeenyawo zepropati yezoshishino ezixabisa i-$ 240 yezigidigidi.
Ezinye iinkalo zentengiso zentengiso zincinci kakhulu. Ezi ziquka ezinye ezingenanto, njengezibhedlele nezikolo. Umhlaba ongenamalungelo othengiso lwezindlu xa uthe waqeshiswa, ungathengiswa.
I-Real Real Estate iyithinta njani i-Economy
Njengengxenye yomkhiqizo owenziwe ekhaya, ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zentengiso kubangela iipesenti ezi-3 kwixabiso lemali laseMzantsi United.
Ngo-2017, kwakungekho i-472 billion yexabiso lezakhiwo zentengiso. Ingxelo ephakamileyo yayingama-586.3bhiliyoni ayi-$ 586.3 ngo-2008. Ixabiso eliphantsi laliyi-$ 376.3 yezigidigidi ngo-2010. Loo umele ukuhla kwee-4.1 ukuya kuma-2,6 ekhulwini kwi-GDP.
Kutheni kuthatha i-commercial real estate yokwakha iminyaka emibini ukude ngaphezu kwebhola lezindlu ? Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zentengiso kuyithatha ixesha elide kunokwakhiwa kwezindlu zangaphandle. Abakhi bokuqala kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba kukho amakhaya anele kunye nabathengi ukuxhasa uphuhliso olutsha. Emva koko kuthatha ixesha lokunyusa imali kubatyalomali. Kuthatha iminyaka emininzi ukwakha amaziko okuthenga, iiofisi kunye nezikolo. Kuthatha ixesha elongezelelweyo ukuqeshisa izakhiwo ezintsha. Xa imarike yezindlu yaphazamiseka ngo-2006, iiprojekthi zentengiso zentengiso zasele zenzeke.
Ngokuqhelekileyo unokuqikelela ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kwiindawo zokuthengisa ezithengiswayo ngokulandela ukuphakama nokuhla kweemarike zezindlu. Njengombonakaliso wokungena, izalathisi zezentengiso zentengiso zilandela iindlela zokuhlala zonyaka okanye ezimbini. Abayi kubonisa iimpawu zoqoqosho . Bawubetha kakuhle emva kokuhlala kwendawo yokuhlala.
Indlela yokuTyala imali kwi-Real Estate Properties
I-Real Estate Investment Trust yinkampani kawonkewonke eyenza i-ownership yezoshishino.
Ukuthenga izabelo kwi-REIT yindlela elula kakhulu yomntu ngamnye-mali ukufumana inzuzo kwi-real estate. Ungathenga kwaye uthengise izabelo ze-REIT njengamasheya, iibhondi, okanye nayiphi na uhlobo lokhuseleko . Bayabela imali yokuhlawulwa kwentlawulo kubasomali-mali, ezifana nezihlawulelo zamasheya. IMITHETHO inciphisa umngcipheko wakho ngokukuvumela ukuba ube nomhlaba ngaphandle kokuthatha imali. Ekubeni abaqeqeshi bephethe iipropati, ulondoloza ixesha kunye nemali.
Ngokungafani nezinye iinkampani zikawonke-wonke, ii-REIT kufuneka zihanjiswe ubuncinane iipesenti ezingama-90 zeempesenti zabo ezihlawulwa irhafu kubanini-mali. Oku kubasindisa ixabiso lentlawulo yerhwebo, ehlawulelwa ngumnini-nxaxheba kwizinga lentlawulo yexabiso lentlawulo .
Ingxelo yebikezelo ka-2015 yoMbutho weSizwe we-Realtors, "Ukukhawuleza iindawo eziphakamileyo," ibonakalise impembelelo yeziphumo. Lathi ii-REIT zinama-34 ekhulwini lokulingana kwiimarike zentengiso.
Ngulo mthombo wesibini ngobukhulu bunini. Ibona likhulu lilingana nelibucala , elineepesenti ezingama-43.7.
Iimveliso kunye neentengo ze-REIT
Ekubeni ixabiso lezorhwebo lezentengiso liyi-indicators indicator , ixabiso le-REIT ayinyuki kwaye iwele emakethe yemasheya. Oko kwenza ukuba kubekho ukongeza kwipotifoliyo eyahlukeneyo. I-REIT ikwabelana ngokuxhamla kunye nezibophelelo kunye nezitokhwe ezivelisa abahluleli kuba zibonelela ngemali engenayo. Njengazo zonke izibambiso, zilawulwa kwaye zilula ukuthenga nokuthengisa.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ixabiso le-REIT yakho libonakalisa ngaphezu kweyona ndawo yangaphandle. Kuye kwathinteka ngumfuno we-REIT ngokwawo njengotyalo-mali. Bakhuphisana ngama-stocks kunye nezibophelelo kubatyalomali. Ngoko nangona ixabiso le-propati ene-REIT iphakama, intengo yesabelo ingawa kwi-market crash.
Ixesha lokuthenga nokuthengisa ii-REIT
Xa utyalo-mali kwi-REIT, qiniseka ukuba uyazi ngomjikelo wezoshishino kunye negalelo layo kwi-real estate ye-commercial. Ngexesha lebhola, ivenkile yezorhwebo ingafumana ibhola lempahla emva kokuhlala kwezindlu zangaphandle. Ngexesha loqoqosho, ivenkile yezorhwebo iyaphupha phantsi kwayo emva kokuhlala kwendawo yokuhlala.
IINGXELO ZOKUBHELWA KWEZINDAWO ZOKUSEBENZA IZINDABA
Iimali zokuthengiswa kweempahla ezithengiswa ngezindlu zithengisa ixabiso lempahla ye-REIT. Abatyalomali bathandwa kwi-ETF kuba baneemali eziphantsi kakhulu. Kodwa ke esinye isinyathelo esisuswe kwixabiso le-real estate yangaphandle. Ngenxa yoko, banokuthi banokungabikho kwiimakethe zerhwebo kunye neebhere .
Iintengiso zeeNtengiso ngexesha leNkqubela yeMali
Ukubolekwa kwezindlu zentengiso kubuye kuhlawulele kwiinkathazo zemali ka - 2008 . Ngo-Juni 30, 2014, iibhanki zesizwe, ezi-6 680 eziqinisekisiwe yi-Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, ebanjwe i $ 1.63 trillion kwiimali-mboleko zorhwebo. Kwakuyi-2 ekhulwini ephezulu kuneyona ntlawulo ye $ 1.6 trillion ngo-Matshi 2007.
I-real estate yezoshishino yabonisa ukuhla kwayo iminyaka emithathu emva kwamaxabiso okuhlala aqala ukuwa. NgoDisemba 2008, abaphuhlisi bezentengiso babhekana ne-$ 160 billion kunye ne-400 billion zeebhiliyoni ngokungafezeki kwemali. Bazama ukufumana iibhanki ukuzincoma. Ininzi yale mboleko yayinee-20-30 ekhulwini kuphela. Amabhanki ngoku afuna ama-40-50 ekhulwini alinganayo.
Ngokungafani neemali zokuhlala ekhaya, iimali-mboleko kumaziko okuthenga kunye nezakhiwo zeofisi zinokuhlawulwa okukhulu ekupheleni kwekota. Esikhundleni sokuhlawula imali mboleko, abaphuhlisi bahlaziya. Ukuba imali ayifumaneki, iibhanki kufuneka zenzeke ngaphambili.
Ukulahleka kwemali kulindeleke ukuba kufinyelele i-$ 30 zeebhiliyoni kunye nokuhlawula iibhanki zoluntu ezincinci. Abazange bathathwe ngokukrakra yi-subprime mortgage mess as the big banks. Kodwa babeye batyale imali kwiindawo zokuthenga ezithengileyo, izindlu zendawo yokuhlala kunye neehotele. Abaninzi babesaba ukuba ukuxakishwa kwamabhanki amancinci kwakungalunganga njengengxaki yokuLondoloza kunye neNgxowa-mali iminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo.
Iingxowankulu zeeRandi ezingama-300 zezigidi zemali-mboleko zorhwebo zangexesha elifutshane zakhula ngo-2008, ngokubhekiselele kwi-Real Estate Roundtable. Uninzi lweemali-mboleko zazingenakwenzeka xa zingenakulungiswa.
Ngo-Oktobha 2009, i-Federal Reserve yabika ukuba iibhanki zazibekela eceleni i-0.38 yeedola nganye kwi-dollar yelahleko. Kwakungama-45 ekhulwini kuphela e-$ 3.4 trillion. Amaziko okuthengwa, izakhiwo zeofisi, kunye neehotele zaye zahlaselwa ngenxa yezithuba eziphezulu. Nangona uMongameli Obama waziswa ngolwaphulo olunzima ngeqela lakhe lezoqoqosho.
Ixabiso lentengo yezoshishino zawa ngama-40-50 ekhulwini phakathi kuka-2008 no-2009. Abanikazi bepropati bentengiso batyelela ukuba bafumane imali ukuze benze iintlawulo. Abaqeshi abaninzi baye baphuma kwishishini okanye baphinde baxoxwa ngeentlawulo eziphantsi. Abanikazi bazama ukuphakamisa imali ngokuthengisa amasheya esitokisini esitsha. Basebenzisa imali ukuxhasa iintlawulo kwiipropati ezikhoyo. Ngenxa yoko, abazange bakwazi ukwandisa ixabiso kubaphathi-mali. Bahlalutye ixabiso kubo bobabini abanesabelo-nxaxheba. Ngendlebe nodliwano-ndlebe noJon Cona we-TARP Capital, kwafunyaniswa ukuba abatsha abanini-zimpahla babesele "baphosa imali embi emva kokubi."
NgoJuni 2010, izinga lokuthengiswa kwempahla yendawo yokuthengiswa kwezindlu ngokuqhubekayo liqhubeka libi kakhulu. Ngokwe-Real Capital Analytics, iipesenti ze-4.17 zeemali-mboleko ezishiye kwikota yokuqala ka-2010. Yiyo i-45.5 billion yeebhanki ezibolekwe yibhanki. Kuphakamileyo kunomlinganiselo we-3.83 wepesenti kwikota yesine ka-2009 kunye ne-2.25 yepesenti ngonyaka kunyaka owedlule. Kubi kakhulu kunomlinganiselo we-0.58 wezinga elingagqibekanga kwisigqibo sokuqala sonyaka ka-2006, kodwa kungekubi nje ngezinga le-4.55 pesenti ngo-1992.
Ngo-Oktobha 2010, kwakubonakala ngathi iindleko zokuthengisa iivenkile zaqala ukuzinzisa. Kwiinyanga ezintathu, ii-4 zeebhiliyoni zeenyawo zesikhundla seofisi zecala kuphela zawa phantsi kwemali. Izinga lezithuba ze-ofisi zelizwe libonakala lizinzile kwi-17.5%. Kwangaphantsi kwerekhodi ka-1992 ye-18.7 ekhulwini, ngokubhekiselele kwi-real estate research firm REIS, Inc.
Inkathazo yezemali ishiye ixabiso le-REIT idandathekile iminyaka. Ngoba? Esinye isizathu kuba kunzima ukubona iipropati eziqingqiweyo ii-REIT ezithengiweyo ngexesha leengxaki. Okwesibini kukuba abanikazi bezakhiwo zentengiso bahlaselwa phantsi. Ixabiso lokuthengwa kwepropati yabo liye lahla kuma-40-50 ekhulwini ukususela ngo-2008, ukunciphisa ixabiso le-REIT.
Iimali-mboleko zentengiso yezoqoqosho zenze ukuba kufumaneke ukukhwela kwemali. Ngo-2013, iibhanki zabamba i-$ 991.2 yezigidigidi kwiimali-mboleko zorhwebo, i-3.3% yonyusa ngaphezu kwe-2012. Phantse yesithathu kwavela ngenxa ye-2015 kunye no-2017. Uninzi lwabhalwa ngo-2005 ukuya ku-2007 xa ixabiso lepropati liphakamileyo. Ezi mboleko zingenakho ukusilela ukuba ixabiso lezakhiwo zendlu liye lahla. Kunoko, abantu abalahlekelwe amakhaya abo baba ngabaqashi. Baye bagcina iimali-mboleko zokungahlawuleli kunye noqoqosho oluvela kwenye indawo.