Indlela Yokuxelela Ukuba Sisekhokeni le-Bear okanye kwi-Bull Market
Imarike yeebhere yemithwalo ibalwa yi- Dow Jones Industrial Average , i-S & P 500 kunye ne- NASDAQ .
Imarike yeebhere yebhere ivela kwiiNondyebo zaseMelika . Iimarike ze-Bear nazo zenzeke kwezinye iiklasi zeefa, ezifana neemeti, igolide , kunye nezinto ezifana neoli. Ixabiso lehla kumpahla yabathengi, njengeekhompyutha, imoto okanye i-TV, zibizwa ngokuba yi- deflation .
Iimarike ze-Bear zenza izwi elithi "Akungakanani na okwenzayo, kungakanani uqhubekayo." Imarike yeebhere enobuhlungu inokutshabalalisa iminyaka eyinzuzo yokuphumelela ngokuphumelelayo eyenziwa kwimarike yenkomo. Kubalulekile ukuba ungabi nomdla, kwaye uthathe inzuzo rhoqo.
Indlela yokwazisa iMarike ye-Bear
Imakethe yeebhere ivela xa iindwendwe ezinkulu ziqhubeka ukuya ngaphantsi kwexesha. Baya kutshaya amatsha amatsha. Kubaluleke ngakumbi, ukuphakama kwabo kuya kuba ngaphantsi kunexesha elide. Ubude obude bemarike yeebhere yiintsuku ezingama-367. Ubulumko obuqhelekileyo luthi ludla iinyanga ezili-18. Iimarike ze-bear zenzeke ngamaxesha angama-32 phakathi ko-1900 no-2008, kunye nobude obude bemihla engama-367. Zenzeke kanye kanye emva kweminyaka emithathu.
Iimarike ze-bear zihamba kunye nokuhanjiswa . Ngelo xesha uqoqosho luyeka ukukhula kwaye emva koko luqhotyoshelweyo. Oku kubangela ukutshabalaliswa kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokungasebenzi.
Unokwazi ukufumana imakethi yeebhere ukuba uyazi apho uqoqosho lujikeleza khona . Ukuba nje kungena kwisigaba sokwandisa, ke i-market yebhere ayinakwenzeka.
Kodwa ukuba ku- bubble ye-aseset okanye abatyali-zimali baziphatha ngokungahlali kakuhle , ngoko mhlawumbi ixesha lokuba isigaba sokuqhawula kunye nekhredithi yebhere. Ngo-2018, sisesigaba sokwandiswa komjikelo wamashishini wangoku .
Intengiso yeBull kunye neMarike yokuThengisa
Imarike yenkomo ibhekene neentengiso zebhere. Yilapho amaxabiso e-asethi aphakama ngaphezu kwexesha. "Iibhokhwe" abatyali-mali abathenga impahla ngenxa yokuba bakholelwa ukuba i-market izakuvela. "Iibherelo" zithengiswa ngenxa yokuba zikholelwa ukuba i-market izokulahla ixesha. Naliphi na ukuvakalelwa, "kuba kukho iinkomo ezininzi kuneenkobe. Xa bebala iibhere, badala imveliso entsha yenkomo. Le mibini ephikisanayo ihlala idlala kuyo nayiphi na iklasi yexabiso. Enyanisweni, imarike yenkomo iya kudlala, kwaye ibonakala ngathi ayiyi kuze iphele, phambi kokuba imarike yebhebhe iqala ukuqala.
Rhwe Market Rally
I-rally yemarike yemarhwebo yilapho izithuba zemarike zamasheya ezithengiswayo zizuze iintsuku okanye iiveki. Iyakwazi ukukhohlisa ukuba abatyala-mali abaninzi bacinge ukuba i-market market stock has changed, kwaye iqela elitsha leenkomo liqalisile. Kodwa akukho nto kwimvelo okanye kwimarike yemasheya ihamba ngokuthe ngqo. Ngaphandle kwemarike yeebhere eqhelekileyo, kuya kuba neentsuku okanye iinyanga xa umgangatho uphakamileyo. Kodwa kude iqhube iphakama ngama-20 ekhulwini okanye ngaphezulu, kusekho kwimarike yeebhere.
I-Market Bear Market
Imarike yeebhere yelizwe ihlala apho phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweyimi-25. Ubude obude buphakathi kweminyaka eyi-17. Ngelo xesha, imijikelezo yenkomo kunye neebhere zithengiswa . Kodwa amaxabiso asethi aya kubuyela kwizinga langaphambili. Kukho ixesha elininzi ukuxubusha malunga nokuba sisekhompilini yebhokhwe okanye yeebhere. Ngokomzekelo, abatyali-mali abathile bakholelwa ukuba njengamanje kwimarike yeebhere eyaqala ngo-2000.
Indlela yokuTyala
Unokulungiselela ukuthengiswa kwemakethe yeebhere ngokunciphisa umngcipheko kwipotfoliyo yakho. Ngokomzekelo, unokwandisa inani lemali kunye nokunciphisa inani lokukhutshwa kwamasheya. Unokukhetha kwakhona iimali ezihlangeneyo ezenza ngcono kumakethi ebhere . Ezi zibandakanya iimali zegolide , kunye nemali yecandelo ejolise kwiinkonzo zempilo kunye nabathengi.
Ngexesha leemarike zeebhere zebhondi , izibophelelo ngabanye zikhuselekileyo kuneengxowa-mali.
Imilinganiselo yabo yemirhumo kunye neentlawulo zizinzileyo. Ukuba ubambelele kwisibophelelo, uya kufumana isixa esithembisiwe. Kwiimali ezibophelelweyo, unokulahlekelwa yimali xa umphathi uthengisa iibhondi ngaphakathi kwengxowa-mali.
Iimarike zeerhasi eziqhelekileyo zibizwa ngokuba yimakethe yeebhere.
Indlela Ebizwa Ngayo Igama
Kutheni usebenzise ibhere ukuchaza indlela yokutshala imali? Ngasekupheleni kwe-1500s, abantu babenandipha inkunzi kunye nesithwala sokuthwala. Baye batshabalalisa apho izinja zazikwazi ukubulala ibhere eboshwe kwisithuba. Okumangalisa kukuba, ukunyamezela kusekhona eNingizimu Carolina, nangona kungekho mthethweni kwamanye amazwe angama-49.
Yiloo ndlela iibhere kunye neenkunzi zeenkomo zokuqala zahlanganiswa ngayo iingcinga zabantu. Ngekhulu le-17, abazingeli babeza kuthengisa ibhokhwe ngaphambi kokubamba ibhere. Kwimarike yemasheya, abathengisi abafutshane benza into efanayo. Bathengisa izabelo zesitokisi ngaphambi kokuba babe nazo. Bathenge izabelo abaye bazinikela ngazo. Ukuba ixabiso lesabelo liyehlile, baya kwenza inzuzo. Benza imali kuphela kwimarike yeebhere.
Iibinzana zaqala ukupapashwa kwincwadi yenkulungwane ye-18, "Wonke umntu onguMthengisi wakhe," nguTomas Mortimer. Iingcali zangeenkulungwane zange-19 zenza imigaqo ethandwa kakhulu. UTomas Nast wanyathelisa iicatto malunga nokuxelwa kweenkomo kwiWall Street eHarper's Bazaar. Ngowe-1873, uWilliam Holbrook Beard wachaza ukukhwabanisa kwemarike yemasheya usebenzisa iinkunzi kunye neebhere. (Imithombo: "Uphawu lwesiBull kunye ne-Bear," i-Federal Reserve Banks yaseNew York. "Imvelaphi yeenkunzi kunye neebhere," i-Motley Fool. "Amabhola kunye neebhere," i-Valentine Capital Asset Management. "Iziqalo ze-Quirky kunye neBrutal zamazwi UBull no-Bear, "Ukutshala iimpendulo.)
