Ukuba le minyaka emihlanu ukuya kweyishumi ezayo ngokwenene iya kumisa ngexesha eliphantsi ukuya kwii-market bond bond, abatshali-mali abaninzi baya kufuna ukufumana iindlela zokukhusela iiphothifoliyo zabo kwiimpembelelo zokuhla.
Ngaloo nto engqondweni, nasi isikhokelo esincinane sokubonelela into enokuthi-kwaye andinako-isebenze kakuhle ukuba iibhondi zingena kwimakethe yeebhere.
Gxininisa kwiMigangatho emfutshane, Gwema iibhondi zexesha elide
Izibophelelo zexesha elifutshane azithandeki, kwaye aziboneli ngokubanzi endleleni yokuvelisa. Nangona kunjalo, nazo ziyi-investment ezinqongileyo ezingenakukwazi ukubona ilahleko ezinkulu kwiimarike zebhere. Ngokwahlukileyo, izibophelelo zangexesha elide zinomngcipheko omkhulu wenzalo kunobungozi bexesha elifutshane, oku kuthetha ukuba ukunyuka kwamazinga okutsalwa komsebenzi kunokuba nakho ukuchoboza iziphumo zabo zokusebenza .
Khawuqwalasele oku: Ngethuba lokusukela ngoMeyi 1 ukuya kuJulayi 31, 2013, imarike yebhondi yahlulwa kanzima njengoko isivuno kwi-note-year-year sanyuka ukusuka kwi-1.64% ukuya kwi-2.59%. (Qhubeka ukhumbule, amaxabiso kunye nezivuno zihambelana nezikhokelo ezichaseneyo .) Ngelo xesha, iVanguard Long-Term Bond ETF (BLV) yahlaselwa yilahleko ye-10.1%, ngelixa iVanguard Ixesha elide leBond ETF (BIV) lahla %.
Ngexesha elifanayo, nangona kunjalo, iVanguard iXesha elifutshane elifutshane ne-ETF (BSV) lawela ngo-0.6% kuphela.
Oku kunceda kubonisa ukuba ngelixa iibhondi zexesha elifutshane aziyi kukukwenza imali kwimarike yeebhere, akunakwenzeka kakhulu ukuba alahlekelwe yilahleko ephezulu kunabo abahlala ixesha elide. Ukubeka nje: ukuba ufuna ukuhlala ukhuselekile, hlala.
Gwema ii-Asset-Risk Assets
Azikho zonke iigqeba zeemakethe ezibophekileyo ezisabela ngendlela efanayo kwinqanaba elifanayo le-stimuli. Ngethuba lexesha, umzekelo, amacandelo aneengcipheko eziphezulu zemali-njengawo- mali aphezulu kunye neentlobo eziphezulu zoveliso- abonise ukukwazi ukugqithisa xa kuthengiswa ixesha elide. Kukho enye into engayenza, nangona kunjalo: isantya apho isivuno sikhula khona.
Ukuba ukulungiswa okuphantsi kwexabiso kumabhondi kubonakala kancane kancane kwithuba elongezelelweyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ezi ntlobo zee-asethi zingakwazi ukukhupha umgangatho ngenxa yokuba, ngokwengxenye, kwintlalo enikezelwa zivuno eziphezulu . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-market yebhanki ifumana ukuthengiswa okukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza-njengaleyo eyenzekayo kuma-80s, ngo-1994, kunye nekota yesibini ka-2013-ke le mimandla ingabangela ukungaphumeleli okukhulu.
Abatyalo-mali kufuneka, ngoko ke, batye kwiimarike ngesicwangciso esilungele imeko. Cinga ngemali kule mimandla, kodwa khangela ezinye iinketho ezinokuzimela-kuquka ne- short-term bond-bond bond bond , ezinika ukuhlanganiswa kwemveliso efanelekileyo kunye nomngcipheko wezinga lomncinci, okanye ezikhuselekileyo kwiimali ezikhuselekileyo, ezikhuselekile kwindlela ethile imihla yokukhula.
Kwakhona, ukuyidlala ngokuzenzekelayo - kunokuba uthathe ingozi enkulu kumzamo wokuthabatha imbuyekezo eyongezelelweyo-iya kuba negama lomdlalo kwiimarike zeebhere.
Musa ukuwa kwi-Bond-Proxy Trap
Elinye iqela elithandwayo lezenzo ngexesha lokuhlawula ixabiso eliphantsi liye lifuna ukufumana amathuba kwiimali ezihlawulelwayo ezihlawulelanayo kunye nokutyalomali oluxubileyo ezifana nezitokhwe ezikhethiweyo kunye nezibophelelo eziguqulwayo . Ezi ntalo-mali ziyenzile kakuhle ngo-2010-2012, kodwa zenze iphutha: oko kuthiwa "ama-proxies bond" banomngcipheko ophezulu kunezibophelelo, kwaye banokuthi bangaphantsi kwimivuzo yokunyuka kwamazinga. Enyanisweni, oku kunjalo kanye okwenzeka kwikota yesibini ka-2013 . Abatyalomali abakhangela ngaphandle kweemarike ezibophelelweyo kwimali engenayo abayi kufumana ukhuseleko kule mimandla.
Ubhedu olungcono kakhulu: musa ukuthatha ingozi ehambelana nemarike yemasheya-nokuba kungenokuba "utyalo-mali" oluthile-ngaphandle kokuba unelungelo lokunyamezela ukumelana nokulahlekelwa kwexesha elifutshane.
Funda kabanzi malunga nobungozi bee-proxy apha .
Iingxowa-mali eziNcinane ezifunekayo
Abatyalomali abaninzi bakhetha imali yeenkcazo kwiindleko zabo eziphantsi kunye nokuqikelela ukuqikelela, kodwa imarike yeebhere yisizathu sokuqwalasela oku kutyalo-mali:
- Imali elawulwa ngokufanelekileyo: Abaphathi abanezikhundla bahlawula ngaphezulu kwiimirhumo kunabalingani babo abalawulwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo, kodwa banakho ukukwazi ukutshintsha iiphothifoliyo zabo ukunciphisa umngcipheko nokuthatha amanani njengemvume yemvume. Ngale ndlela, abatyali-mali bafumana inzuzo yomphathi wezakhono ukuthatha amanyathelo okucutha umphumo we-market yebhere. Ibhetri engcono kakhulu: hlalani imali egxininisiweyo yemali kunye nomphathi oqeshwe ixesha elide kunye nerekodi eqinile.
- Iingxowa-mali ezingabandakanyiyo : "Unconstrained" ligama elitsha malunga nemali apho umphathi unako "ukuhamba naphi na" ngokubhekiselele kumgangatho wekhredithi , ukulungelelanisa , okanye iindawo zokuhlala. Le yinyathelo elilandelayo ukusuka kulawulo olusebenzayo, kuba imali esebenzayo ingapheleliswa kwindawo ethile yeemarike, kanti imali engabonakaliyo ayinayo miqobo. Uluhlu olubanzi lwamathuba, ubuncinane kwi-theory, kufuneka lilingane nenani elikhulu leeendlela zokunciphisa i-market market.
- Izibophelelo zezinga lokuhamba : Esikhundleni sokuhlawula umyinge onomdla, ezi zibophelelo zithe zaveliswa phezulu kunye namazinga aphezulu. Nangona kungengabalindi abagqibeleleyo ekusebenzeni kwemarike embi, iibhanki zamanani ezijikelezayo zingalindelwa ukuba zenze ngcono ngaphezu kohlobo oluthile lokutshala imali kwiimarike ezantsi.
- Izibophelelo zamazwe ngamazwe : Ekubeni uqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe alukwazi ukuphazamiseka kwisimo esifana ne-United States, azinako ukwenza ngokusemthethweni kwimarike yeebhere. Kodwa ke, phawula ukuba igama elisebenzayo apha "linakho." Kwimeko yoqoqosho oluxubileyo lwehlabathi lonke , izibophelelo zangaphandle zingathatha ngokuthe ngqo ukutshatyalaliswa okufanayo - okanye okubi kunokuba kwenzeke kwimakethi yase-US. Indlela efanelekileyo, ngoku, kukujonga indlela iimarike zamazwe ngamazwe ezenza ngayo malunga ne-United States. Izibhanki zentengiso ezithuthukisiwe, eziqhutywe kakuhle ngo-Aprili-Julayi ukuhla, zingakufaneleka ukuba zikhangeleke njengemvelaphi yokungahle kwenzeke kwiminyaka ezayo.
Izibophelelo zomntu ngamnye ziPhezulu olungcono kuneeNgxowa kwiMarike ephantsi
Ngokungafani neengxowa-mali, izibophelelo zomntu ngamnye zinomhla wokukhula. Oku kuthetha ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba kwenzekani kwiimarike ezibopheleleyo, abatyali-mali baqinisekisiwe ukuba bafumane ukubuyiswa kweenqununu ngaphandle kokuba umnikeli angenzi phantsi kwetyala lakhe. UDaniel Putnam we-InvestorPlace ubhala kwinqaku yakhe ka-Agasti ka-2013, "Indlela Eyona Ntle Yokutshala imali kwiibhondi ngexesha lokuhlala phantsi,":
"Izibophelelo zomntu ngamnye ... zinikela ngeenzuzo ezibini ezibalulekileyo. Okokuqala, abatyali-zimali abagxininisa amabhondi aphezulu kunye nobuhle obuphantsi bokungagqibekanga banako ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa ilahleko eziphambili ezinokubakho ngeengxowa-mali. Nangona isivuno sikhula ngokukhawuleza, abatyali-mali banokulala ubusuku besazi ukuba ukunyuka kweemarike akuyi kuthatha inkokhelo kwi-savings-earned. Okwesibini, ukunyuka kwamazinga okunokwenene kuya kusebenza ekuncediseni abatyali-mali kwiibhondi ngabanye ngokuvumela ukuba bathenge amasheya aphakamileyo aphakamileyo njengokuba abanamalungelo abo asebenza ngoku. Kwiindawo ezibuhlungu zokubuyisela, ukubaluleka kwezi zimbini zimbonakalo azikwazi ukugqithiswa. "
Ngokuqinisekileyo kuyindlela yokuqwalasela, kodwa lungele uzinike ixesha elifanelekileyo lokwenza uphando olufanelekileyo.
Ngaphantsi
Nangona i-market yebhere ayikho into eqinisekileyo, kuyacaca ukuba iingxaki zokubuya kwexesha elizayo zize zixhomekeke kwiingxaki zokubuyela kwiimeko eziphezulu zokubuyisela ezenza u-2010-2012. Abatyalomali - ingakumbi abo basekhaya okanye kufuphi nomhlalaphantsi - ngoko, kufuneka baqwalasele iindlela zokukhusela iiphothifoliyo zabo kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukuziphendulela : Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lithathwe njengengcebiso-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso. Soloko ubonisana nomcebisi-mali kunye neengcali zerhafu ngaphambi kokuba utyale.