Bondings Bonds
Le yintalo-mali ekhuselekileyo kukho, kuba ixhaswa nguRhulumente, kwaye iqinisekisiwe ukuba ingaphumeleli inqununu. Abanikeli izivuno ezikhethekileyo, kodwa akusilo nto. Ukuba ufuna ukugcina imali yakho ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo, ukugcinwa kwezibophelelo kuyona ndlela ikhethekileyo. Zilula ukuthenga nge- TreasuryDirect , kwaye akakhokhwa irhafu kuwo onke amacandelo karhulumente nakwasekhaya. Ukongezelela, banokuthi bangabi nerhafu kwi-federal level asetyenziswa ukuhlawula imfundo. Enye into engenayo kukuba ayinjengamanzi njengeminye intlobo yotyalo-mali-awukwazi ukuyifaka ngaphakathi kunyaka wokuqala wobomi babo, kwaye ukuba kufuneka uhlawule kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala, uya kuhlawula inyanga yesithathu inzala.
Bondye Bills
Iingxowa-mali zamatyala (okanye "i-T-bills") zibhonkco zangexesha elifutshane ezivuthiwe kunyaka omnye okanye ngaphantsi kwithuba lokukhutshwa kwazo. Iimali ze-T zithengiswa ngamanani amane, ama-13, 26 nee-52, ezibizwa ngokuba zibizwa ngokuba yi-T-bills-one-three-six-and-12-months-twelve.
Ekubeni ama-maturities kwiimali ze-Nondyebo zifutshane kakhulu, zinikezela isivuno esincinane kunezo zikhoyo kumanqaku e-Nondyebo okanye amabhondi. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhula kwabo okufutshane kukuthetha ukuba abanalo mngcipheko: abatyali-mali abayikuxhalabisa ngoRhulumente wase-United States ongenamhlanje kunyaka, kwaye ikhefu lifutshane kangangokuthi utshintsho kwizinga lentengo engenakwenzeka.
I-T-bills iyathengwa ngokulula kwaye ithengiswe nge-TreasuryDirect.
Izixhobo zeBhanki
IiSatifikethi se-deposit kunye ne- akhawunti yokulondolozwa kwebhanki ziphakathi kweendlela ezikhuselekileyo ozifumanayo kwi-universe engenayo engenayo, kodwa kunye nezicathulo ezimbini. Enye, qiniseka ukuba isikhungo apho ubamba khona imali yakho i-FDIC-insured, kwaye ezimbini, qiniseka ukuba i-akhawunti yakho iyonke ingaphantsi kwe-inshurensi ye-FDIC. Akukho nxaxheba kwezo zityalo-mali eziza kukunika isityebi, kodwa ziya kukunika uxolo lwengqondo oluza kunye nokwazi ukuba imali yakho iya kuba khona xa uyifunayo.
Amanqaku eNondyebo eMelika kunye neeBond
Nangona ulawulo lwezemali lwabasebenzi baseburhulumenteni base-United States, i-Treasury-securities yexesha elide lihlala likhuselekileyo xa ligcinwa kude kube lukhulile ngolo hlobo ukuba abatyali-mali baqinisekiswe ukuba babuyisele inqununu yabo. Ngaphambi kokukhula, kunjalo, amaxabiso abo angashintsha ngokubanzi. Ngenxa yoko, abatyali-mali ukuba ngubani ukhuseleko oluyimfuneko yokuqala ukuba baqiniseke ukuba abayi kufuneka ukufaka imali kwiindawo zabo zokubamba ngaphambi kokukhula kwabo. Kwakhona, gcinani engqondweni ukuba i- fund efanayo okanye i -fund-exchangeed fund efaka imali kwi-Nondyebo ayihluthwanga, kwaye ngoko ihamba nayo ingozi yokulahlekelwa yinqununu.
Iimali eziPhakamileyo zeMali
Imali yexabiso elizinzileyo, ukhetho lokutshala imali kwiiprogram zomhlala phantsi (njengama- 401 (k) kunye nezinye iinqwelo zerhafu ezinikezelwe ngerhafu, unikezele ngokubuyisela okuqinisekileyo kwinqununu ngenzuzo ephezulu kunokuba ikhona ngemali yemarike yemali.
Imali yexabiso elizinzileyo yimveliso ye-inshorensi ukususela kwi-bhanki okanye inkampani yomshuwalense iqinisekisa ukubuyiswa kwenqununu kunye nomdla. Imali-mali ityala kwi-securities-income-earning-high-quality enemigangatho enomyinge malunga neminyaka emithathu, yindlela eyenzayo yokuvelisa isivuno sayo esiphezulu. Iintlawulo zeengxowa-mali zexabiso ezizinzileyo zigcinwa ngokubalulekileyo , ukuthengiswa kwemali, ukuzinza nokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwintlalo-nqununu kunye nenzuzo ebuyisiwe, kunye nokubuyiselwa okufana nemali yebhanki yexesha eliphakathi kodwa kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwemali yemarike yemali . Qhubeka ukhumbule, nangona kunjalo, olu khetho lukhawulelwe kuma -akhawunti ahlawulwe irhafu .
Iimali zeMarike zeMali
Ukunyuswa kwamazinga kukunye okunye okunikezelayo kwiingxelo zebhanki. Ngoxa bengengabharensi karhulumente, balawulwa yiKhomishoni yezoThutho kunye noTshintshiso (i-SEC). Imarike yemali igxininisa imali kwii-securities-short-term such as Treasury bills okanye iphepha elifutshane elifanelekileyo lokuthengisa (oko kukuthi, kuthengiswa ngexabiso elaneleyo) ukuba abaphathi banokuhlangabezana nesidingo sokuhlengwa kwabanini-nxaxheba.
Iimali zeemarike zemali zifuna ukugcina ixabiso lentengo ye-$ 1, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba bahluleka ukufeza le njongo-isiganeko esibizwa ngokuba " ukuphula i-buck ." Oku kuyinto engavamile kakhulu, ngoko iimali zeemarike zemali zibonwa njengenye utyalo-mali olukhuselekileyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo ziphakathi kweendlela ezisezantsi kakhulu.
Iifama zeBond Bondary-Term
Iimali zoxinzelelo lwexesha elifutshane zifake imali kwiibhondi ezivuthiwe kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu. Inani elincinci lexesha de ukukhula lithetha ukuba umngcipheko wezinga lomyinge - okanye umngcipheko wokunyuka kwezinga lentengo uza kubangela ukuba ixabiso lexabiso eliyinhloko le-mali liyehla - liphantsi xa lifaniswa ne-bond-bond bond kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kweyishumi) kunye neengxowa-mali zexesha elide (iminyaka elishumi phezulu). Sekunjalo, kunye neengxowa-mali ezincinci ezixhomekeke kwixesha elifutshane ziya kuba neqondo elincinci lokunyuka kwamaxabiso.
Iibhondi eziphakamileyo
Amanqaku amaninzi amatyala aphethe ukulinganiswa kweentengo zemboleko, ezenza abatyalo-mali bakwazi ukuchonga amandla omoya weemali. Izibhonkco ezinexabiso eliphezulu leentengo zemali zingenakwenzeka ukuba zingagqibekanga , ngoko kungabikho nto yokukhupha izibophelelo eziphezulu kunye neengxowa-mali ezizityala kuzo. Nangona kunjalo, njengamanqaku e-Nondyebo, izibhanki eziphakamileyo eziphezulu zibeka engozini yokulahlekelwa kwinqanaba elifutshane elifutshane ukuba ixabiso lentengo likhuphuke. Kwakhona, oku akusiyo imbambano ukuba uceba ukubamba intsebenziswano kuze kube yilapho ukhula, kodwa ukuba uthengisa ibhondi ngaphambi komhla wokuvuthwa - okanye ukuba unayo ingxowa-mali okanye i-ETF ejolise kwiibhondi eziphakamileyo, usenomngcipheko wokulahlekelwa kwinqununu ngokungakhathaliseki ukuba ulinganiswe kangakanani utyalo-mali.
Ngokwemvelo, abatyali-mali akudingeki ukuba bakhethe enye yeendidi. Ukuchithwa phakathi kwamacandelo amabini okanye amaninzi kunokuba ukhetheke ekubeni ugwema "ukubeka onke amaqanda akho ngebhasikidi enye." Nangona kunjalo, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyigcina ingqalelo kukuba akukho mfuneko ukuba uzame ukufumana isivuno esongezelelweyo ngokubeka imali ukuba utyalo-mali lunomngcipheko olungaphezulu kunokuba lufanelekile kwiinjongo zakho.
I-Balance ayinikezeli irhafu, utyalo-mali, iinkonzo zemali kunye neengcebiso. Ulwazi lwenziwa ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iinjongo zotyalo-mali, ukunyamezela ngengozi okanye imeko zezimali kwanoma yimuphi umtyalo-mali othile kwaye angenakufaneleka kubo bonke abatyalo-mali. Ukusebenza kwangaphambili akubonakali kweziphumo ezizayo. Utyalo-mali luquka ubungozi kubandakanya ukulahlekelwa kwinqununu.