Ixesha elifutshane, iXesha elide eliphakathi, kunye nexesha elide leeNgxowa-mali
- Ixesha elifutshane (ngaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu)
- Ixesha eliphakathi (iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-10)
- Ixesha elide (ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10)
Ubudlelwane phakathi koMngcipheko kunye nokuThengisa
Izibophelelo zexesha elifutshane zivame ukuba nomngcipheko ophantsi kunye nezivuno eziphantsi , ngelixa iibhondi zexesha elide zinika izivuno ezithe xaxa kodwa zengozini enkulu. Njengoko igama labo liza kubonisa, izibophelelo zexesha eliphakathi ziwela phakathi.
Kutheni oku? Kulula kakhulu, ukuthenga isibophelelo sexesha elide kukhulula imali yabatyalomali ixesha elide kunebhondi elifutshane, eliye lishiya ixesha elingakumbi lokunyuka kwezinga lentengo ekuchaphazela intengo yebhondi . Cishe zonke izibophelelo kunye nokukhula okungaphezulu konyaka ziphantsi komngcipheko wexabiso lokuguquka okubangelwa umngcipheko wezinga lomyinge . Sekude ixesha lide likhule , inkulu ixabiso lokunyuka kwexabiso. Ifutshane ixesha elide likhule, ixabiso eliphantsi liguquke .
Kwakhona, ukuvunwa kwexesha elifutshane kuchaphazelekayo ngumgaqo-nkqubo we- US Federal Reserve , kanti ukusebenza kweebhondi zexesha elide ngokubanzi kuxhomekeke yimikhosi yemarike.
Ekubeni imvakalelo ye-investor iyatshintsha ngokukhawuleza kunokuba umgaqo-nkqubo we- Fed , oku kukhokelela ekwenzeni ukunyuka kwexabiso lokubambisana kwexesha elide.
Ukusebenza kweBond Ngethuba lokuKhuphuka nokuHlahla kweRhafu
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa umzekelo wendlela ukuhamba kwezinga kuthintela ngayo ukubuya. Ngokusekelwe kwidatha ukususela ngoJanuwari 24, 2014, ukunyuka kweepesenti enye kwimivuzo ekhoyo kuya kuba nefuthe elilandelayo kwixabiso leNondyebo:
- Unyaka-2: -1.9%
- Unyaka-5: -4.7%
- Unyaka-10: -8.5%
- Unyaka-30: -17.8%
Gcinga ezingqondweni; Lo ngumzekelo nje ngokusekelwe kwidatha ye-snapshot ukususela ngosuku olunye. Le datha kufuneka isetyenziswe ukunyusa ukuhambelana ngokuhambelana kwezibhonkco zokukhula okungafaniyo ngexesha elide, kodwa linikeza umzekeliso wokunyaniseka okuphezulu okuhambelana nezibophelelo zexesha elide.
Ukuqwalasela okulungileyo kunawe
Abatyalomali bahlengahlengisa iiphothifoliyo zabo ukuya ekupheleni komnye ngokusekelwe kukunyamezela kwabo, iinjongo kunye nexesha.
Ngokomzekelo, umtyalomali okhuseleko oluphambili luya kubingelela isivuno esithile ngokutshintshela ukuzinza okukhulu kunye nomngcipheko ophantsi wokulahleka okhoyo kwiibhondi zexesha elifutshane . Ngakolunye uhlangothi, utyalo-mali onoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwengcinezelo kunye nexesha elide ade afune ukuthelela kwinqununu yakhe ingathatha ingozi enkulu ekutshintshisweni kwezivuno eziphezulu ezikhoyo kwiimbopheleleko zexesha elide.
Akukho mpendulo eyodwa efanelekileyo malunga nokuba yiyiphi indlela efanelekileyo yokukhetha; konke kuxhomekeke kwimeko yomntu. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukugcina ingqalelo ukuba iimali ezibophelelwe ixesha elide , ngenxa yokunyaniseka kwazo, azifanelekanga kumntu ofuna ukusebenzisa inqununu kwiminyaka emithathu okanye ngaphantsi.
Indlela yokuTyala imali kwiCandelo ngalinye
Abatyalomali baneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokutyala imali emfutshane, ephakathi kunye nexesha elide. Iindlela ezimbini ezidumileyo zizisebenzisa imali kunye kunye neengxowa-mali zokuthengisa .
I-Morningstar iye yaququzelela imali yokubophelela ngemali kwi-website yayo, enokunika abatyala-mali ithuba lokuqala lokuphanda. Ezi ziqhagamshelwano zilandelayo zibonisa imali kwicandelo ngalinye:
- Iimali zebhondi zexesha elifutshane
- Iimali zebhondi zexesha eliphakathi
- Iimali zebhanki zexesha elide
Iimali ezixhaswe nge-Exchange (ETFs) nazo zinikezela abatyalo-mali ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwiqela ngalinye. Njengokuba kunjalo nangemali yokubambisana, amaninzi ahlulelwanga nje ngokukhula ngokweenqanaba, kodwa nangona yintoni inxalenye yeemarike abazibandakanyayo. Ngokomzekelo, abatyali-mali banokukhethwa phakathi kwexesha elifutshane-, eliphakathi, kunye nexesha elide ngaphakathi kwinqanaba likaRhulumente, likamasipala, kunye neentlobo zeebhondi.
Iimali zebhondi zexesha eliphakathi lide lide likhulu kunazo zigaba ezintathu. Isizathu sale nto silula: imali yenkcazo kunye nalabo abatyale ukutyalo-mali kwiimarike ezibopheleleyo bathambekele kumyinge ukuya kukhula "oluphakathi" . Qaphela ukuhlukanisa phakathi kweemali ezihambelanayo nale nkcazelo ngokubhekiselele kwizinto ezizikhethele ngokuthe ngqo kwiibhondi zexesha eliphakathi.
ILizwi Lokulumkisa: Iibhondi zexesha elide Musa ukuhlala uvelisa i-Return Over Total Returns!
Xa ukhangela iziphumo zentsebenzo yeemali, kubalulekile ukugcina umxholo wengxelo. NgoJanuwari 2013 - iinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba i-market bond bondshe buthathaka - umtyalomali owayebukele kwiintlobo zeengxowa-mali ze-Morningstar wayezibonela ezi ntlawulo zeemali eziqhelekileyo kwiintlobo ezintathu zokukhula emva kweminyaka elishumi edlulileyo:
- Iimali zebhondi zexesha elifutshane: 3.03%
- Iimali zebhondi zexesha eliphakathi: 5.65%
- Iingxowa-mali zexesha elide: 8.53%
Kutheni ukubuyiswa kweebhondi zexesha elide kunamandla ngakumbi? Ngokubanzi kuba ezi ziphumo zibonakalisa umsila wokuphela kwemakethe ye-bull-year-31 kwiibhondi. Xa amaxabiso awela , izibophelelo zexesha elide ziya kukhupha iindleko eziphezulu. Nangona amaxabiso aqala ukunyuka, nangona kunjalo, olu lwalamano lwaluphezu kwentloko yalo. Ngonyaka opheleleyo wekhalenda ka- 2013 , iindidi ezimfutshane, eziphakathi, kunye nexesha elide zabuyela kwi-0.45%, -1.45, kwaye -5.33%, ngokulandelanayo.
Ukuthwala: kungakhathaliseki ukuba iithayibhile zokubuyisela zizonke zithetha ngantoni na, zigcine engqondweni ukuba ixesha elide eliqhelekileyo lisoloko lilingana nezivuno eziphezulu, kodwa kungekhona ukubuyiswa kweemali eziphezulu .