Ikomiti ye-Federal Reserve Board ye-Open Market Komiti yinto enye ebalulekileyo ye-federal agency kwi-market. Isenzo salo okanye ukungabikho kwemilinganiselo yemigangatho yenzalo ibe nemiphumo esheshayo kubatyalomali. Imarike yemasheya ilindele ukuba i-Fed iza kuthatha isenzo esithile ukuba oko kungenzeki kungabangela i-chaos. Ulawulo lwe-Fed lwamazinga omdla osisiseko kunye nezenzo zalo zinokuchaphazela ngqo kwimarike yemasheya.
Siva ezininzi malunga neFed njengoko yaziwa, kodwa yenzani ngokwenene?
I-Fed
I-Federal Reserve Board ibhanki yesizwe. Igosa lombuso elihlawulwe ngokugcina ubutyebi obuzinzileyo kunye neenkqubo eziyimali ezinamandla. I-Fed isebenza ngamabhanki angama-12 ase-Federal Reserve ejikeleze ilizwe elikhonza njengeebhanki kwiibhanki zorhwebo, ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo nokuqinisekisa inkqubo efanelekileyo yezemali. Unokufunda okungakumbi ngemisebenzi yeFed kwiWebhsayithi yabo. Umsebenzi onoxanduva oluchanekileyo kwiimarike zamasitokethi iqhuba amaxesha asibhozo ngonyaka xa iKomidi ye-Open Open Market idibana.
Intlawulo ejoliswe kuyo
Kule ntla nganiso ekujoliswe kuyo ekujoliswe kuyo. Le nqanaba lomdla liyisiseko kuzo zonke ezinye iirhafu kwaye xa zihamba, ezinye iirhafu zihamba. Amabhanki kufuneka ukuba agcine iqela elithile lemali yokugcina imali, ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba leentlawulo zabo. Ngexesha lekhosi yoshishino, akuqhelekanga kwibhanki ukuba ilahle phantsi kwezinga labo lokugcina.
Xa oko kwenzeka, ibhanki iyaboleka imali yebusika ukusuka kwelinye ibhanki de ibe iindawo zayo zokugcina zizaliswa. Umyinge wenzala yemali yebhanki yokubolekisa loo mboleko yesikhombiso-sithuba semini iyinqanaba lemali elondliwe. Ixabiso langempela lisetyenziswe yimimiselo yeemarike, ngoko i-Fed kuphela icacisa ithagethi.
Ixhalaba
Inkxalabo ephambili ye-Fed kukuthintela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ekuhlaseleni uqoqosho, okuya kwenzeka ukuba uqoqosho lukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba uqoqosho luye linciphisa kakhulu, luya kugxina kwi-economy. Indlela iFed isilungisa isantya soqoqosho ixabiso lentlawulo. Ukuba uqoqosho lukhula ngokukhawuleza okanye ukubonakala kwamandla emali kubonakala kukhula, i-Fed iya kuphakamisa izinga lentengo. Iirhafu zenzalo ephakamileyo zithatha ukunciphisa ukukhula kwezorhwebo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemali. Ukuba uqoqosho luye lucotha kakhulu, i-Fed inokunciphisa ixabiso lentengo, okwenza kube lula ukuboleka kwaye okukhuthaza amashishini ukuba anwebe kunye nabathengi ukuba bachithe.
Isiphelo
I-Fed iyona mzimba onamandla kunawo wonke e-US xa kuziwa ekuhambiseni iimarike. Kufuneka ujonge izivakalisi zabo zeentlanganiso kwaye ubeke ingqalelo kwindlela i-interest rates ehamba ngayo.