Ukusetyenziswa kweMercury kwiMigodi yeGold kunye nokuba Kutheni kuyinkinga

Kukho konke okungaqhelekanga, i-colluvial okanye i-placer deposit deposits, i- mercury isetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwegolide yesibini ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ngombulelo kwiimpawu zeMercury, zivumela ukuhlukanisa igolide kwezinye izinto ngokulula. "I-Mercury yenza ama-alloys kunye nezinye izitya ezibizwa ngokuthi i-amalgams (...) I-Mercury iyahlanganiswa negolide ukulungiselela ukubuyiswa kwegolide kwi-ores yayo." Wabhala uAnne Marie Helmenstine, Isikhokelo sethu malunga nekhemistri.

Kufudumala ukuphazamisa i-mercury, ukushiya igolide emva kokuyibuyisela kwi-50% ye mercury kunye ne-50% yegolide ye-amalgam.

Ukugcinwa kwemigodi yegolide yokuncitshiswa kwezinto ezincinci kuyindlela yokusinda kwi-10-15 yezigidi zabasebenzi basezimbini kumazwe angama-70, kubandakanywa izigidi ezi-3 eziziintombi nabantwana. Ngokumangalisa kwaye ngaphezulu kokuba ngumqeshi omkhulu kunomhlaba kwiimayini zegolide kunye nokumela aba-90% bebasebenzi basezimayini zegolide emhlabeni wonke, ukumbalwa kweemayini zegolide kuvelisa i-15% yemveliso yegolide yonyaka.

Indawo yaseSueld yaseGuyana (i-Surinam, iGiana neFrench Guiana), i-Indonesia, iPhilippines kunye nxalenye yonxweme yeNtshona Afrika (umz., IGhana) ibandakanyeke kakhulu ngolu hlobo. Ngaphantsi kweemeko zentlalo-qoqosho nezopolitiko ezifunyenwe kwi-mining-scale scale yegolide, ukusetyenziswa kwe-mercury kuthathwa ngokuba yinkqubo elula kunye neyona ndlela ichanekileyo yokwenza ukwahlukana kwegolide.

I-Mercury Watch, umbutho "ozinikezele ukuqokelela, ukuhlalutya, kunye nokunika uluntu ulwazi malunga nokukhishwa kweerhasi ekhutshwe kwimeko," ibango elithi "ukulingana kwemigodi yegolide yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-mercury kwihlabathi. ngu-Artisanal ukulinganisa abavukuzi begolide bemigodi ehlabathini jikelele ngo-2011 " .

Kutheni ukusetyenziswa kweMercury ingxaki?

Nawaphi na amanyathelo amane kwenkqubo yokuvelisa igolide encinci, okubandakanya ukudibanisa, ukwahlukana kokuhlanganiswa, ukususwa kwe-mercury engaphezulu, kunye nokutshisa i-amalgam eseleyo, ukukhulula i-mercury kwindawo. Ngenxa yoko kunye ne-Wikipedia, "i-11% yemithombo eyenziwa ngumntu we-mercury (i-50% yesibalo, esinye isiqingatha esivela kwimithombo yendalo, efana nemisebenzi ye-volcanic) ivela kwimveliso yegolide. Ukukhishwa kwe-mercury e-US yizona zimbini zeemigodi zegolide ezikhulu kakhulu. Ukukhululwa kwe-hydrogeochemical ye-mercury kwi-gold-mine tailings kuye kwabizwa njengomthombo obalulekileyo we-mercury e-mpuma eCanada ".

Kuvunyiwe ukuba yinto yesibini kuphela (nangona kunjalo kumva emva ...) ukushisa amalahle njengomthombo wokukhutshwa kwe-mercury okwenziwa ngabantu.

Kuyaziwa ukuba i-mercury inetyhefu kakhulu, eyenza umonakalo kwinkqubo yeentlanzi kwizinga eliphantsi kakhulu lokubhenca. Ngokwe-World Health Organisation : "I-Elemental kunye ne-methylmercury inetyhefu kwinkqubo ye-nervous and peripheral system. I-inhalation ye-mercury vapor inokuvelisa iziphumo ezinobungozi kwiinkqubo ze-nervous, digestive and immune systems, imiphunga kunye neentso, kwaye ingaba yingozi. Iingxaki ze-neurological and behavioral zingabonwa emva kokuvuthwa, ukungena okanye ukusetyenziswa kwesigxina sezinto ezihlukeneyo ze-mercury. Iimpawu ziquka ukuququzelela, ukulala, ukulahlekelwa kwememori, imiphumo ye-neuromuscular, i-headaches kunye nengqiqo. ngokuchanekileyo ngokutya iintlanzi ezingcolileyo. I-Methylmercury eqokelelwe kwiintlanzi kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki eziphuculweyo kwi-fetus. umbono kunye nokulahlekelwa kwindlebe, ukuphuculwa kwentuthuko, ukuphazamiseka kweelwimi nokulahlekelwa kwememori I-ldren, i-syndrome ebonakaliswe kwimiphetho ebomvu nebuhlungu ebizwa ngokuthi i-acrodynia ibiwe ngenxa yokungcola kwama-mercury. "

I-Mercury ingangcolisa umoya kunye namanzi kwithuba elide kakhulu, ngoko ke, kufuneke ukuba impendulo yomhlaba iyancitshiswa ekusebenziseni kwayo okungaphantsi komgaqo-shishini lwezombiwa zegolide.