Ngoku Ukuba Uzimeleyo, Uceba Njani Ukuhlala Umhlalaphansi?
Ingaba usanda kungena kubasebenzi njengomntu osanda kutsalwa okanye osebenza ngokutsha emva kweminyaka yokusebenza kwabomdabu, akungabazeki ukuba unelungelo lokuhlamba izinto ezifunekayo ukuba zenziwe. Ukususela kumacandelo omhla wokuseka iinkqubo zekhomputha kunye neefowuni zefowuni kwishishini lakho kwiiplani ezinkulu zeefayile kwinkampani yakho entsha, mhlawumbi kubonakala sengathi akukho mizuzu okanye ieyure ezaneleyo ngosuku.
Nangona kunjalo, xa ubeka ibhizinisi lakho elitsha, iqela elibalulekileyo le-pie ukuseta i-akhawunti yakho yomhlalaphantsi. Ukuba unomrhwebi omncinci oneminyaka engama-20 okanye i-30, umhlala-phantsi mhlawumbi uyinto engqondweni yakho. Akunakukwazi ukuba uzibonele umhlala phantsi. Emva koko, uqale nje! Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ube neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. Emva kwakho konke, awufuni ukutshitshisa ityebi ngeGoogle elandelayo kwaye ungenayo into oyibonayo xa ufikelela kuma-65.
Ngelixa ungeke ube necebo lenkampani ukunceda wenze izigqibo zakho, kukho inketho yekhefu yomhlala phantsi kubaqeshwa abaziqeshwe ngabasebenzi kunye nabanini bamashishini abancinci. Akunjalo nje kuphela ezi zikhethayo zonke izinto ozifunayo kwisicwangciso sakho somhlala-phantsi, kodwa kukho iinketho ezimbalwa ongazisebenzisa ukuba ungumnikazi wezentengiselwano kunye nabasebenzi. Ukunikezela isicwangciso esisemgangathweni sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kunokuba yinxalenye ephambili xa kuziwa ekutsaleni nasekugcineni abasebenzi abafanelekileyo.
Ngezantsi sifumene iintlobo ezintathu eziqhelekileyo zezicwangciso zabacebisi bezemali batusa abahwebi nabanikazi bamashishini amancinci:
1. I Pension Penyee Pension (SEP) IRA
Kubabunikazi bodwa, lolu hlobo lwe-IRA luthandwa kakhulu. I-akhawunti elula ukuvula kunye neemeko zonyaka ze-akhawunti ziphantsi okanye zingekho.
Imithetho emalunga negalelo nayo ilula - unokutshala imali engama-25 ekhulwini lakho lemali engenayo ukuya kwikhefu eguqula rhoqo ukuqhubeka nokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Isikiti sonyaka si $ 53,000. Xa usindisa, imali ihlawulwe irhafu, kwaye i-SEP IRA ikwabonelela ngemali yokuguquguquka kwemali. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ulinde de emva kokuba ufake iirhafu ukuze uhlawule i-akhawunti, ngoko ukuba ingeniso yakho iphezulu kunokuba ucinge, unokwenza umnikelo omkhulu kwaye unciphise umrhumo wakho werhafu. Ukuba unabasebenzi, abanako ukufaka isandla kwi-SEP ye-IRA, kodwa banokwenza igalelo labo kwi-401 yomntu (k).
2. Isicwangciso soNyaka sokuThuthukiswa kwabasebenzi (SIMPLE) IRA
Ukuba ngoku uqhuba ishishini lakho kodwa ukhangele ukwandisa, i- SIMPLE IRA ingaba yi-akhawunti oyifunayo. Ngalolu hlobo lweakhawunti, ungaqhubeka nokutyalomali nangona emva kokuba uqeshe umqeshwa, kodwa kufuneka uqhathanise negalelo labasebenzi bakho, ukuya kuma-3 ekhulwini kwintlawulo yabo. Kukho umda wenkxaso engekho i-$ 12,500 ngonyaka okanye i-$ 15,500 ukuba uneminyaka engama-50 okanye ngaphezulu. Qaphela ukuba kufuneka wenze ukurhoxiswa kwi-akhawunti kwiminyaka emibili yokuyivula, kuya kuba ne-penalty 25 yepesenti.
3. Individual 401 (k)
Kulabo bafuna ukwakha iakhawunti yabo yomhlalaphantsi ngokukhawuleza kwaye abanemali eninzi yokufaka isandla, umntu ngamnye 401 (k) uyindlela ekhethiweyo.
Isebenza ngokufana ne- Traditional 401 (k) , kodwa iqabane lakho linokujoyina isicwangciso. Ukusebenza njengomsebenzi wakho, unako ukufaka isandla kwi-18,000 kwi-401 (k) yakho, okanye i-$ 24,000 xa uneminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, esi sicwangciso asifumaneki kubasebenzi abongezelelweyo.
Xa ungumphathi, unokufaka igalelo elongezelelweyo leepesenti ezingama-25 zeembuyekezo ngaphezu kwenkxaso yakho yomqeshwa kwi-53,000 ephezulu. Ngenxa yokuba akukho mingcipheko kulawo mnikelo, unokwenza xa ibhizinisi lakho lenza kakuhle kakhulu ukwenza i-iminyaka xa kwakunzima ukwenza loo mnikelo omkhulu. Ukuba unomlingani kwisicwangciso, kunokwenzeka ukuba bobabini kuni ukuba negalelo lama-106,000 okanye i-118,000 yee-USD ukuba uneminyaka engama-50 okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise inxaxheba kwiminikelo yokubamba.
Olu hlobo lwe-akhawunti luyanceda xa ucinga ukuba unokufuna ukuboleka imali yakho kwishishini lakho. Imithetho iyahluka, kodwa ngokubanzi, unokuthatha isigxina se-akhawunti ye-akhawunti (ukuya kwi-$ 50,000) kwaye uthathe iminyaka emihlanu ukuba uyihlawule.
Okukwintsusa
Kubantu abaqeshwe ngabanye, ezi zicwangciso zindleko eziphantsi kwaye kulula ukulawula. Njengeyokuqala, unokufuna ukubonisana nomcebisi wakho wezemali ukuchonga isicwangciso esilungile kuwe kunye neyeshishini lakho. Enye into ebalulekileyo yokuqwalasela ukuba ngaba ufuna inkqubo yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ovumela abasebenzi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba.