I-Pros and Conserv of Taking Out Loan From Your 401 (k)
Ngokubanzi, imeko yokulungiswa komhlala phantsi ihlala iphantsi kweli lizwe. Isiko soPhando lwezeMhlala-phantsi e-Boston College sathola ukuba ama-52 ekhulwini labantu abalungiselela umhlalaphantsi basengozini yokungakwazi ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zabo zokuphila. Yingakho i-mantra kumntu ofuna ukufumana ukuzimela kwezimali emva koko ebomini ngokuqhelekileyo " gcina, gcina, gcina "!
Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni xa uvakalelwa ukuba ufikelele kwi-akhawunti yakho yokugcina umhlalaphantsi kwi- 401 (k) mboleko ?
Ukuba uzama ukulungelelanisa imfuneko yokuhlawula iindleko zakho zangoku kunye nomnqweno wokulondoloza ikusasa, kunokuziva ngathi ukubeka phambili phambili ukulondoloza ngokumalunga nokuhlawulwa kwetyala ngumngeni omkhulu. I-401 yakho enikezelweyo (k) ibhalansi yimali yakho, kwaye kunokubonakala kunzima ukufikelela kwimali yakho yokugcina umhlala-phantsi nge-401 (k) mboleko ukuhlawula amatyala, ukuthenga ikhaya, okanye ukuhlawula "ubomi bwenzeka". Ngokwe-Employee Benefit Research Institute (i-EBRI) ama-20 ekhulwini kuwo onke amalungu athathe umhlala-phantsi abafanelekile kwi-401 k.
Ngexa i- 401 (k) imali-mboleko ingabonakala ngathi iyindlela efanelekileyo yokuphendulela ukuba ngaba ezinye iindlela ezingekho, kufuneka usebenzise enye njengeyokugqibela. Ukuba isicwangciso sakho sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi sinikezela ngemali-mboleko, ixabiso eliphezulu i-IRS ikuvumela ukuba ubolekise i-50% ye-akhawunti yakho ebhaliweyo , okanye i-$ 50,000, nayiphi na into engaphantsi.
Isigqibo sokuthatha imali engama-401 (k) mboleko inokuthi ibe nempembelelo enkulu kwiqanda lakho lokuhlala umhlalaphantsi. Ngoko kubalulekile ukuqonda iingenelo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle okuhambisana ne-401 (k) mboleko.
Nazi ezinye zeenzuzo oziqwalaselayo:
Awudingi ukuhlolwa kwekhredithi. 401 (k) iimali-mboleko zithathwa ngokusekelwe kwi-balance balance account.
Akudingeki ukuba uthembele kwingxelo yakho yekhredithi ukuze uvumeleke. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba ufikelele kwimali yakho ngaphandle kokuxhalaba malunga nokukhishwa kwemboleko ngenxa yekhredithi embi okanye imbali yengeniso yekhredithi.
Iingeniso zakho zenzalo ziphantsi kakhulu kunezinto oza kuzifumana kunye nezinye iimboleko zemali kunye namakhadi amaninzi ekwereta. Uninzi lwama-401 (k) iimali-mboleko zinenani lentlawulo ephantsi kwaye zihlala zidibaniswa nezinga le-Wall Street Journal (3.5% ngoJulayi 2016). Xa ubeka eli lizinga elincinci le-interest-side-side-side nomyinge wekhadi lomyinge wekhredithi malunga ne-15% unako ukufumana iindleko eziphantsi kakhulu zokuboleka. Enye inzuzo kukuba uhlawula umdla kuwe kwaye ezo ntlawulo zibuyela kwiakhawunti yakho.
Imali yakho yemali mboleko ayikho phantsi kwentela yengeniso (ngaphandle kokuba ungabuyi mboleko). Ngeke uhlawule nayiphi irhafu yengeniso eyongezelelweyo yokuthatha imali engama-401 (k) mboleko. Oku kungenxa yokuba u-401 (k) imali-mboleko ayiqwalaselwe njengokurhoxiswa kwentlawulo. Ngokuqhelekileyo enye indlela engcono yokuthatha ukukhutshwa kobunzima kwi-401 (k). Imivuzo yokurhoxiswa ihlawulwe kwiirhafu eziqhelekileyo zerhafu yengeniso kwaye kunye nemibandela embalwa ihamba kunye nesigwebo esongezelelweyo se-10% xa uneminyaka engama-59 ½ ubudala.
Nazi ezinye zeempembelelo ze-401 (k) mboleko ukuqwalasela:
Kukho umngcipheko wokuba ukhula lwexesha elizayo kwi-investments luya kulahleka. 401 (k) iimali mboleko zifihliwe phantsi kweendleko zamathuba. Yingakho kufuneka uhlale ucinga ngemiphumo yexesha elide le-401 (k) kwisigqibo somboleko. Uninzi lwama-401 (k) imali-mboleko ineminyaka engama-5 ubudala ngelixa abanye banemigaqo yokuhlawulwa kwemali-mboleko efikelela kwi-10-15 iminyaka. Ubunako bokutshala imali kwiimali zase-US kuye kwaba nempumelelo ngokugqithiseleyo kwiminyaka emihlanu. Ngokomzekelo, ngokwesi sixhobo kwi-Betterment i-S & P 500 ine-positive.4.4% yexesha elingaphezu kwamaxesha ama-5 eminyaka ukususela ngo-1928 ukuya ku-2014 ( isicatshulwa: ngamaxesha angama-21,502 angabanjwa).
Kufuneka uhlale uqaphela ukuba akukaze kube yinto efanelekileyo ukujonga kwiikhredithi zangaphambili emva kokufikelela kwizigqibo ezibalulekileyo zezezimali.
Kwakhona, gcinani engqondweni ukuba ixabiso leendleko zokulahlekelwa kotyalo-mali lusekho nkxalabo xa imali yakho yemali mboleko ingeyona nxalenye ebalulekileyo kwipotfoliyo yakho yonke okanye ukuba ungumtyalo-mali.
I-401 yakho (k) iintlawulo zemboleko zithathwa ngqo kwi-paycheck yakho njengencitshiso emva kwentela. Inkqubo yokwenza i-automated 401 (k) iintlawulo zemboleko ngokuchithwa kwemivuzo ngokuqhelekileyo ibonwa njengento ekhangayo. Nangona kunjalo, iimali-mboleko ezongezelelweyo ziya kuba nempembelelo kwiholo lakho lokubuyela ekhaya kunye neemfuno zokufakwa kwibhajethi yakho ehlaziyiweyo. Ngamanye amaxesha iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo zibangela abantu ukuba banciphise umrhumo wabo kwi-401 (k) isicwangciso kwaye oku kunokubangela ukulahlekelwa kumdlalo womqeshi kunye nesicwangciso somhlalaphansi esingaphantsi kwexesha. Utshintsho kwiinkcitho zakho zokuhlawula i-payroll kufuneka zihlale zihlaziya isicwangciso esisiseko sokucwangcisa kwakho isicwangciso sakho sokuchitha imali ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ulungele ukutshintsha kwintlawulo ngaphambi kwexesha. Awufuni ukuba iintlawulo zemboleko zenze kube nzima kuwe ukuhlawula iindleko zakho zokuphila kwansuku zonke okanye ezinye iimbopheleleko zematyala ezifana nokubolekwa kwemali okanye imboleko yemoto.
I-401 yakho (k) mboleko ingaba yintloko yesifo sentloko. Unokuphelisa ukuhlawulwa kweerhafu kunye nezohlwayo xa ushiya umqeshi wakho kwaye ungagqibekanga kwimboleko. Oku mhlawumbi yingozi enkulu yokuthatha u-401 (k) umboleko wemboleko. Yilumke ukuba kukho nawaphi na amathuba oya kuba netyala xa ushiya umsebenzi wakho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, nayiphi na imali ehlawulwayo yokuhlawulwa kwemali engayifumani emva kweentsuku ezingama-60 ithathwa njengokuhoxiswa kunye nokuhlawulwa kwentlawulo kwaye mhlawumbi i-penalty ye-10% xa uneminyaka engama-59 / 1/2.
Abanye abaqeshi abafuni ukuba uhlawulwe i-401 (k) mboleko mboleko kwiwindow yeentsuku ezingama-60 ukuba ulahliwe okanye ushiye ngaphambi kokuba umboleko uhlawulwe. Ngoko qiniseka ukuba uhlolisise isebe lakho le-HR ukuba awuqinisekanga ngemigaqo yesicwangciso sakho. Nangona i-401 (k) isicwangciso sokufumana isibonelelo semali mboleko sitholakala emva kokuba ushiye umsebenzi wakho kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlale uhamba ngoku kunye neentlawulo zemboleko ukuze ugweme ukusabalalisa irhafu. Xa ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wokunciphisa umvuzo weentlawulo zemboleko ohlalayo ngoku awukho lula.
Ukuba awukwazi ukuphepha isilingo sokuthwala ibhalansi kwi-credit card usetyenziso lwakho ungagcina unetyala elingaphezulu. Abaninzi abacwangcisi bemali bayalumkisa abantu malunga neengozi ezingama-401 (k) mboleko xa zisetyenziselwa ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza ukuphathwa kwemali enkulu okanye iingxaki zematyala. Ndiye ndabona indlela edla ngayo imingeni abantu bayanyamezela xa iikhadi lekhredithi kunye neengxaki zetyala zabathengi zihlanganiswa iingxaki zerhafu yengeniso ngenxa yokungagqibekanga kwi-401 (k) mboleko. Ndabona ubungqina bokuba abantu basebenzise icebo elifanelekileyo lokusebenzisa isicwangciso-mboleko sabo sokubamba umhlala-phantsi ukuze badibanise ityala lokulahlekelwa ingqalelo kwaye baphele ngamatyala angaphezulu xa beqala ngenxa yokulinganisela kwekhadi lesikweletu kunye nezinye iingxaki zematyala.
Ngaba u-401 (k) uboleka imali efanelekileyo kuwe?
Umgca ophezulu uza kufuneka uxhomekeke kakhulu kwiindawo zakho zokulondoloza ukufikelela kwindawo yokuzimela ngokwezimali ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi. Kwiimeko ezininzi kufuneka ugweme ukukhupha kwi-yakho yokugcina umhlala-phantsi ngenxa yezinto ezifihliweyo ze-401 (k) mboleko. Oko kuthethwa, zikho iindlela ezicwangcisiweyo zokubandakanya i-401 (k) mboleko kwisicwangciso sakho sobomi bemali. Naluphi na ukhetho oya kuthatha isigqibo, qwalasela izinto ezifanelekileyo kwaye uqaphele kakuhle kwaye wenze isigqibo esibalwa ukuba asiyi kubeka iiplani zakho zokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngexesha elibi.