Ulwabiwo-mali olusisiseko lusekelwe kwimbono yexesha elide.
Isiseko sokwabiwa kweempahla kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi- Modern Portfolio Theory , ethi iimarike zisebenza kakuhle kwaye kunokuba uzame "ukubheja" kwizinto eziza kuhamba, kufuneka ulandele isabelo esiphezulu sokusebenzisa ubuchule.
Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezicwangcisiweyo ezicwangcisiweyo unokuziphepha ukwenza izigqibo ezifutshane zesikhokelo esekelwe kwimicimbi yeemarike yangoku.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani
Inkqubo yokwabiwa iqala ngokuvavanya ukunyamezela kwakho umngcipheko kunye nexesha lakho lotyalo-mali. Ngaba unokubona ngokucacileyo ukuba awuyidingi imali yakho etyalomali ixesha elide? Oko kuthetha ukuba unokuba nobudlova kwaye unikezele ngaphezulu kwiisitokisi. Ngaba uhlala uphelile, upholile kwaye uqokelelwe xa imarike igxuma okanye iphantsi? Oku kuya kuthetha ukuba u-emotionally awuyi kuphazanyiswa ukunyaniseka okuphezulu okuhamba kunye nolwabiwo olubi.
Emva kokuba uyazi ukuba unobundlobongela bunjani ukuba ubeke ingakanani imali yakho ekufuneka ibe nayo kwiklasi nganye ye-asethi (njengemali, iibhonksi okanye i-stocks) ngokujonga iindleko ezide kulindele ixesha elide kunye namanqanaba omngcipheko weklasi nganye ye-asethi . Emva koko, nganye iklasi ye-asethi ihlahliwe kwiindidi ezongezelelweyo; , isibonelelo, siya kuphuka zibe yinqwelo enkulu, i-cap encinane, i-US, iimarike zamazwe ngamazwe kunye namafama asakhulayo, nje ukubiza amagama amancinci athile.
Uya kuphuhlisa isicwangciso-mali sokubelwa kweefa esinika isabelo sepesenti ekujoliswe kuyo kwicandelo ngalinye; ezinjenge-5% kwiimarike ezikhulayo, i-10% ukuya kwi-cap encinane ye-US, njl njl.
Unokulandela indlela yokwabiwa kwempahla ngokusebenzisa i- fund ye-joint fund ekhethayo kunye nokubeka esweni isabelo sakho.
Uninzi lwama-401 (k) nezicwangciso zinika "imodeli" isabelo sephothifoliyo esenza umsebenzi kuwe.
Ulwabiwo-mali lolwabiwo-mali lubukeka njani?
Isicwangciso sokwabiwa kwee-asethi esicwangcisiweyo singasifaka ukuba unama-stock% angama-70% / i-20% yebhanki / i-10% yemali, okanye i-60% ezitokisini / iibhondi ezingama-40%. Unokubona ulwabiwo olunjalo olubhekiselelwe kwi-portfolio "70/20/10" okanye "60/40". Unokusebenzisa i-questionnaire yomngcipheko we-intanethi kunye ne-calculator ukubona isampuli yesicwangciso-mali sokubelwa kwee-asethi esekelwe kwimpendulo yakho kwimibandela yengozi.
Xa ulwabiwo lweefa lokuqulunqwa kwempahla luqulunqwe, iphothifoliyo ibuyele ngokulinganisela kwisiseko esandulelwe ngaphambili, ngonyaka ngokomzekelo, ukubuyela kwisabelo sayo sokuqala.
Ngokomzekelo, makhe sicinge ukuba unomlinganiselo wokwabiwa ojolise kwisabelo sokwabiwa kwe-60% kunye nokwabiwa kwebhondi ka-40%. Amasheya ayenzileyo, kwaye ngoku i-70% yepottoliyo yakho yenziwe ngamasheya. Ulwabiwo lwe-asethi olucwangcisiweyo luthi luthathe inzuzo ngokuthengisa ubuninzi be-10% kwiimpahla zentengiso ukwenzela ukuba uhlawule isabelo sakho kwisithuba se-60%. Uyakubuyisela kwakhona imali kwiibhondi. Amanye amacandelo atyalo-mali aya kuhlala enza kakuhle xa abanye bengenzi kakuhle. Ukuxhatshaliswa kwamandla ukuba uthathe inzuzo kwiindidi ezenzileyo.
Inkqubo yokunikezelwa kwempahla ye-asethi ibandakanya ukubambelela ngesabelo sakho sokuqala ixesha elide kunokuba usabele kwizinto ezikhoyo kwiimarike ngoku.
Into enokuyicinga ngayo: unokuba noxinzelelo olufanayo lomngcipheko ubomi bakho bonke-ukuthetha intsikelelo yakho kunye neemarike ezinokungahambi kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ixesha lokurhoxisa imali kwi-retrait efikile, unokufuna ukufumana ingcipheko emngciphekweni.
Isicwangciso sobuchule kunye noTactical
Ulwabiwo lwe-asethi olucwangcisiweyo luhluke kunokuba ulwabiwo lwezocwangciso lujolise kwixesha lokuba uhambisa imali njani nakwiinkalo zotyalo-mali. Iindlela zokwabiwa kwee-asethi ezikhoyo zibandakanya ukuhambisa imali ngeenxa zonke. Indlela yobuchule ithatha ubuchule obuninzi, kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, akukho ziqinisekiso eziza kuzisa iziphumo ezingcono.