Baye bavalela ukuCinga kwiCandelo loPhuhliso
- Inkokhelo yentlawulo yenkxaso-mali ihlala iphakamileyo ngokugqithisileyo kuneentlawulo ezihlawulwa kwizinto ezingabanjwanga kwithenda ngenxa yokuxhaswa kweerhafu eziphantsi.
- Imali yeTrasti inokubangela abaxhamli abanelungelo abangenako ukuzixhasa ngenxa yokuphila konke okunikezelwa kuso kwisitya sesilivere.
- Kukho ukulahlekelwa kolawulo oluza kunye nokutshintshwa kweempahla kwisithemba esingenakuthenjwa, ngokuchasene nokuthembela okuphilayo (kwaziwa nangokuthi i-inter vivos trust) okanye i-trustamentary trust . Kufuneka ukuba kufikeleleke ukufumana izibonelelo zokuxolelwa kweerhafu eziphezulu.
Xa uthatha isikhashana ukuhlola nganye yezi zinto ezimbi, ndiyathemba ukukuqonda kangcono into ozenzayo kuyo xa ukhetha ukuqala ukusebenzisa i-trust trust kwizicwangciso zakho zezemali, nokuba ukhusela iafa zakho okanye ukwandisa inani Ubutyebi unokudlulisela ezandleni zabantwana bakho, abazukulu, kunye nezinye izindlalifa.
Iingxowa zeTrasti Zingenakulungeleka kwiRhafu yeRhafu
ICongress ihlaziya rhoqo iibhanki zerhafu ukulungelelanisa izinga lokunyuka kwamaxabiso . Ngelishwa, ngamashumi eminyaka, iNdlu yabaBameli kunye neSenethi igcinwe umgaqo-nkqubo ukuba iirhafu zentlawulo ezisebenzisayo kwiimali zithemba kufuneka zixinyiwe xa kuthelekiswa nezindleko eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa abantu abaphethe iimali-mali ezifanayo.
Umzekelo, ngokwempapasho ye-IRS, kunyaka werhafu 2016 ezi zilandelayo zerhafu yentlawulo ye-Firm Trust isetyenziselwa nayiphi na ingeniso egcinwe yi-trust:
- Ingeniso egcinwe phantsi kwe-$ 2,550 ihlawuliswa kwi-15%
- Ingeniso egcinwe imali engaphezulu kwe-2,550 yeedola kodwa ingabi ngaphezu kwama-5,950 ayihlawuliswa kwi $ 382.50 kunye ne-25% engaphezulu kwama-2,550
- Ingeniso egcinwe ngaphezulu kweedola ezingama-5,950 kodwa ingabi ngaphezu kwama-9,050 ayihlawuliswa kwi-$ 1,232.50 kunye ne-28% engaphezulu kwama-5,950
- Ingeniso egcinwe ngaphezulu kweedola ezili-9,050 kodwa ingabi ngaphezu kweedola ezili-12,400 ihlawuliswa kwi-$ 2,100.50 kunye ne-33% ye-$ 9,050 ngaphezulu
- Ingeniso egcinwe ngaphezulu kweedola ezili-12,400 ihlawuliswa kwii-3,206 zamaRandi kunye no-39.6% we-$ 12,400.
Umntu ongatshatanga, ngokuchaseneyo, akayi kuhlawula i-39.6% yerhafu yentlawulo yeRhafu kuze kube yile ntlawulo ehlawulwayo ifike ngaphezu kwama-415,050. Ukwenza kube nzima nakakhulu, irhafu yeRhafu kwi-trust income egcinwe iya kuhlawulwa kwiindawo ezininzi, ngokunjalo, okuya kuba ngaphezu kweentlawulo ze-Federal trust. Emva koko, kukho i-monstrosity efana netyala lokukhupha isitulo, esinokufaka isicelo kwiimali zokumthemba.
Kukho ukukhawuleza kule ntlawulo eyasasazwa yi-trust to the beneficiaries, kubandakanywa izabelo, inzala, kunye neendleko , zihlawulwa kumzuzi kwizinga lakhe. Ifilosofi emva kwonyango olungalinganiyo kukuba kuya kwenza ukuba kuncinci ukuba iintsapho zihlanganise ubutyebi obuphezulu kwi-trust, nakuba kukho iindlela ezaneleyo ezikujikelezayo.
Ngokomzekelo, abacebisi-mali abajongene neengxowa - mali ze-trust enkulu njengoko i- akhawunti elawulwa ngabanye iyakwazi ukulungiselela utyalo-mali-mali ukugxininisa ama-stocks okanye i-stocks ezingenayo isahlulo ngokulinganisela okuhlawula ixabiso lokuhlawula, njengezabelo zeBerkshire Hathaway, inkampani ephethe nguBillion Warren Buffett.
Ukunyuka kwexabiso leencwadi kufuneka, ngokugqithiseleyo kwexesha, kubangele ukuzuza kweengxowa-mali ezingabonakaliyo, ngokudala ngokufanelekileyo ukuhlawulwa kweerhafu ezichaseneyo ezivumela ukuba ithemba libe nokusebenza ngokubanzi kunokuba kungenjalo mhlawumbi ukuba i -income-rewarding generated by assets assets ihlawulwe kwi-trust njengenzuzo yemali. Kwiminyaka emininzi, olu hlobo luncedo lunokukhokelela kwizinga eliphezulu lokukhula ngonyaka , konke okulinganayo. Enye yezizathu zokugunyazwa kwetrasti kubaluleke kakhulu.
Kwiphepha le-flip, echanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo, ukuthembela okungenakutshintsho kunokunciphisa irhafu kwintsapho ngokuhambisa imali kwilifa lelungu lentsapho elicebileyo kwiindlalifa zakhe, ekugqibeleni ukuba zingabakhonksi berhafu. Ngokugxininisa ukusasazwa, imali engenayo yokutsalwa imali eyayibe yerhafu kwizinga eliphezulu kakhulu, kunokubakho, ukuhlawulwa irhafu kwizinga elincinci lokubanjwa kwerhafu yokufumana irhafu.
Kuthatha ixesha elininzi lokucwangcisa, iminyaka emininzi, kunye nabacebisi abafanelekileyo bezomthetho, abatyala kunye nabatyalo-mali ukuba bawukhuphe ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa kwiintsapho eziphezulu kwi-1%, kunokunceda, ngakumbi xa zisetyenziselwa irhafu yesipho sonyaka ukukhutshwa .
Iimali zeTrasti zingadala ukuxhomekeka kunye nokulimaza uMxhamli
Iingqondo zengqondo zisitsho ukuba abaninzi abantu bafuna intsingiselo ebomini babo kwaye imali yedwa ayinakukunika intsingiselo xa zifunyenwe izidingo ezisisiseko. Ukubonisa le ngongoma, cingela, umzuzwana, amadoda angamaqhinga, uDavide noYohane.
UDavid unelungelo lokufumana imali eyi-1 000 000. Uhlala kakuhle. Izambatho emqolo wakhe, ikhaya ahlala kuyo, ifenitshala ayithandayo, iimoto aziqhubayo, izithuba ezithathayo, ukutya obeka phezu kwetafile, iilindo azibekayo, imililo kwindawo yakhe yomlilo, imali entsha zongezwa ekutshalweni kwakhe, iibhola zebhanki ayithatha kwisikhululo segesi, amathikithi amakhonsathi ayithengayo, kunye neminikelo ayenzela ngayo inceba, zonke zivela kwiimali eziveliswe yimpumelelo yakhe. Imali yile mveliso yempumelelo kunye nokufezekiswa kwayo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuvela ngentlonelo kunye nokunyaniseka kwabalingane bakhe; umvo wendlela ahambelana ngayo kuluntu kunye neminikelo yakhe kubemi abemi.
UJohn naye unelungelo lokufumana imali eyi-1 000 000. Uhlala kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, yonke ubutyebi bakhe buvela kwingxowa-mali yomkhulu wakhe omiselweyo iminyaka eyadlulayo. Kuba uYohane, izambatho emqolo wakhe zanikezelwa ngumsebenzi womnye umntu. Ikhaya apho ahlala khona lixhaswa ngemali eyenziwa ngumnye umntu. Ifenitshala, iimoto, iholide, ukutya kunye namawashi ayenayo kuphela ngenxa yokubonelelwa okubekwe bucala ngenxa yempumelelo yomnye umntu. Akukho namnye kuwo ubonakalisa isandla sakhe kuluntu. Akenzanga nto. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa ngokupheleleyo, uJohn akazange asebenzise izibonelelo zesikhwama sokuthembela ukuze aqalise ubomi bakhe kunye nomsebenzi wakhe, kodwa kunoko, wazithembela kuyo njengengubo yokhuseleko. Yayigcina ingakhula ibe yindoda eyayinakho ukuyenza.
Ingqiqo yokudandatheka kunye nokungafihli nto egcwalisa isabelo esibalulekileyo sabantu kwisikhundla sikaJohn sinikezwe igama: i-Affluenza. Iincwadi zibhaliwe malunga nendlela yokuphepha "i-ghetto yegolide" evela ekuzalweni kwimeko yengxowa-mali. Xa uyazi ukuba awusoze usebenze, kunokubangela ukuba ugweme ukuthatha amathuba kwaye uphume ngaphandle kwendawo yakho yokuthuthuzela. Kubantu abaninzi, ukukhula kuza xa sinyanzeliswa ngaphandle kweendawo zethu zentuthuzelo kwaye senziwe ukwenza izinto esingazicingi ukuba sikulungele ukwenza. Ngemithombo yezemali ukuphepha loo ntlungu, inokutshabalalisa ukuzixabisa.
Uyakuphepha njani le meko? Enye indlela kukunika kuphela abantwana abantwana abaye baphumelela ngokwabo. Unyana oneminyaka engama-35 ubudala okhulayo kwaye ufumana i-$ 300,000 ngonyaka uqhuba iindawo ezimbalwa zokudlela azisekeleyo aziyi kuphangwa ngamawaka angamawaka ambalwa, okanye nezigidi, iidola. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uneminyaka engama-18 ubudala nje ukushiya ekhaya mhlawumbi kwakuya kwenzeka. Cinga ukulinda ukubona indlela i-apula ewa ngayo emthini ngaphambi kokuba wenze izipho ezinkulu kubantwana bakho. Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukuyiphatha; abanye abanako. Abanye abantu banokuyisebenzisa ngexesha elithile ebomini babo kunye nabanye abantu abakwaziyo.
Umsebenzi wakho kukunceda abantwana bakho, abazukulu, kunye nabanye abaxhamli kunye neendlalifa zikhula zibe zizinto ezaneleyo, ezonwabileyo, abadala abadala. Akunjalo ukuba bawanike imali. Ngamanye amaxesha kunceda, ngamanye amaxesha kuyabuhlungu. Ubulumko besazi ukuba zeziphi izinto ezichaphazelekayo kwiimeko ezithile.
Iimpahla ezigqithiselwe kwiNgxowa-mali engaqinisekiyo ayikho ixesha elide
Yinkemba ejikeleze kabini. Xa udlulisela ixabiso kwi-fund ye-trust fund, awukwazi ukuyiphatha loo mafa njengokuba ungabakho, akusekho. Isizathu silula: Akunjalo. Kufuneka, ngokomthetho, usebenze kuphela kwinzala yomzuzi ukuba ukhethe ukuzibiza ngokuba ngu- trustee . Kungenxa yokuba unomsebenzi wokubambisana . Akufanele kuthathwe lula.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, yiyo yile nyaniso eyenza ukuthembela ngemali ibe yindlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela i-asethi evela kubathengi. Ngethuba nje ungabandakanyeki kwinto ebizwa ngokuba ngumtshintshi wokutshintsha, oko kuthetha ukutshintsha ngokuthe ngqo imali ekuthembeni ukulindela ibango elibi elingamanga, apho ijaji inokuthi iguqulwe ukuthengiselana, imali enesipho esithembekileyo isenokuhlala kungabi ngaphaya kwamandla abo. Ukuba uya kuphazamiseka, ulahlekelwe yinto yonke, kwaye uzenze ulahlekelwe, kodwa uchithe amashumi eminyaka ukwakha imali ethembekileyo yabathengi kubantwana bakho, akufanele bazinzakalise. Njengomzali, ubuya kubabonelela ngelifa nangona ulahlekelwa yiyo yonke into. Eyilungile kakuhle, inye into yokuba umntwana wakho engena enkingeni kwaye uquke izinto ezifana nokukhuselwa kwetrustrift trust .
Unokusebenzisa ngokunjalo oku. Ukuba unomzali ozicwangcisa ekushiye imali, cela imali efunekayo ukuba ifakwe kwingxowa-mali yokuthembela ongeke ukwazi ukuyifumana isabelo semali sonyaka. Ngaloo ndlela, unako ukuhlala kwimali engenayo, kodwa ababolekisi bakho akufanele bakwazi ukuthintela inqununu kuba, ngokuqinisekileyo, akuyiyo.