I-Akhawunti eziPhatha ngokuZodwa (IMA) zabaTyalo-mali abaziTyebi

Ukuqonda ukuba Kutheni i-Rich Rich Tend ikhetha iAkhawunti ephethwe ngabanye

Ukuba unetyala elifanelekileyo okanye eliphezulu elifanelekileyo lokutshala imali, ngokuqinisekileyo uye wakuva into eyaziwa ngokuba yiyo, okanye wazi abantu abaninzi abakuzungezile abanakho, i-akhawunti ephethwe ngabanye, okanye i-IMA. Ukuba awuzange uve ngeyodwa, akumangalisi kuba i-akhawunti elawulwa ngabanye ayifumanekanga nakweyiphi na indawo ehambelana kakuhle neyodwa kumntu ongekho ngaphantsi kwama-$ 100,000 kwiimpahla ezithatha imali.

Enyanisweni, iifemu zibeka umda ophakamileyo kakhulu nge $ 1,000,000 ukuya kwii-10,000,000,000 ezingaqhelekanga.

Iyintoni i-akhawunti ephethwe ngabanye? Kutheni kubakho iinkampani ezithile zokuphatha i-asethi ? Ziziphi iingenelo kwaye kutheni abantu abaninzi kwiqela eliphezulu lezoqoqosho bebodwa? Lezo zinemibuzo emininzi. Ndacinga ukuba kube yinto elungileyo yokuhlala phantsi nokucacisa ezi zixhobo ezizodwa zotyalo-mali njengokuba sele zikhulile ngethuba lokuqalisa kwesebe yam yosapho kunye nolawulo lwe-asethi jikelele.

Indlela eSebenza ngayo iAkhawunti yeAkhawunti

Mhlawumbi indlela elula yokuyiqonda i-akhawunti ephethwe ngabanye ukuba awuqhelekanga ngcamango kukucinga ngendlela i-fund fund edibene ngayo . Uthenga amasheya, inkampani okanye ithemba (i-fund ngokwalo) ithatha loo mali kunye nomphathi wepottoliyo aqeshwe yiBhodi yabalawuli okanye i-trustee, ngokuxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha ezithile, ngoko ke ubela imali leyo ngokwemali ye-fund.

Ingaba ukuba igunya lokuthenga izitokisi ze-blue chip , eYurophu, okanye ukulandela imigaqo ye -stock market index ezifana neS & P 500 . Umphathi wepotfoliyo uhlawula umrhumo wolawulo, umgcini-mgcini uthatha imali (ngokuqhelekileyo enomlinganiselo omncinci), kwaye unokufikelela kwimida eyahlukileyo ngaphandle kwexesha elininzi okanye umzamo.

Eli lungiselelo lonke liyinzuzo ngokumangalisayo xa i-fund ingumninimzi-onobubele, kodwa kukho ukuhla. Iimpawu ezintle awunakuze uhlangabezane nomphathi wepottoliyo; usenokungazi igama lakhe okanye into ebonakala ngayo. Iphothifoliyo ayikwazi ukulungiswa kwiimfuno zakho ezizodwa okanye imeko yerhafu. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezinzima, unokuphelisa ukuhlawulwa kweentlawulo ezinkulu nangona ulahlekelwe yimali kwingxowa-mali . Kufuneka ukhathazeke malunga nendlela yokwenza inkcazo ishintshile ngasese yakho (kwimbono yam). Unokucinga ukuba ubuncinane ubuncinane kwisiqingatha sesinye sezichaso.

Nge-akhawunti ephethwe ngabanye, le micimbi ixazululwa. Endaweni yokuthenga kwingxowa- mali okanye kunye neengxowa- mali , uvula i- akhawunti yokugcinwa kwehlabathi kwi- trust trust yasebhanki okanye umthengisi-ntengiso obhalisiweyo. Emva koko usayine isivumelwano somcebisi kunye nomphathi we- Investment Registered Investment firm ngqo. Iinkcukacha zesivumelwano ziya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi - abaninzi baya kuhlawulisa imali ehlawulwa yonyaka, enokuthi ibe yindleko okanye isisityebi, ixabiso elibi okanye elingabizi, elihlawulwe kwizinto eziphambili okanye ezihlawuliswayo emva kweemali. Abanye bangavuma ukulungiswa kwemali yentsebenzo (eyaziwa nangokuthi "iifowuni zee-fulcrum").

Imirhumo yefleccurry apho ipesenti yenzuzo (ukhetho olufumaneka kuphela ngumyalelo we-SEC ukuba wena, utyalomali, udlulisa iingxaki ezininzi, kuquka utyalo-mali obuncinane be-$ 1,000,000 kunye nomcebisi othile okanye inzuzo engama-2,000,000 ngaphandle kwe ekhaya).

Njengengxenye yenkqubo yenkontileka yokucebisa, unikezela umphathi weepotfoliyo igunya lokuqonda kwi-akhawunti yokugcina. Okokuthi, yena, yena, okanye (xa kwenzeka ukuba ikomiti yabantu abambalwa) banikwe igunya lokubeka amashishini egameni lakho. Amandla afaka amandla okuhlanganisa iphothifoliyo yamasheya , iibhondi , okanye nayiphi na into efunyenweyo yokugcinwa komgaqo-nkqubo wepolfoliyo kunye negunya lotyalo-mali lingazibhalela ngexesha lokuqalisa ubudlelwane. Uhamba malunga nobomi bakho, njengokuba uthanda nge-fund fund, kwiimeko ezininzi ungaboni nakwiimveliso uze ufumane ingxelo yakho.

Xa le nkcazo ifika, awuyi kubona "i-XYZ Fund," ubona i-holdings. Isikhuselo phakathi kwakho kunye nesitokethi ngasinye - kwaye ungalokothi ukhohlwe ukuba zonke iimali zokubambisana ezibandakanya iimali zenkxaso-mali ziquka izitokethi ezizimeleyo njengoko i-fund ngokwalo isakhiwo somthetho, kungekhona utyalo-mali. Akukho nto enjengokuthi "andinamnikazi wesitokethi," yinto nje yendlela yokusetyenziswa kwezikhethi - isuswe. Uyabona ngaphantsi kwe-hood ukuya kwi-reality yezoqoqosho.

Ukuqulunqwa kweMali kwi-Akhawunti Yakho eLawulayo

Igunya lotyalo-mali lwe-akhawunti yakho elawulwa ngabanye liyakwazi ukuhluka ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba leenkampani okanye umphathi wepottoliyo oyikhethayo. Ukuba ufumana isikolo esisekelwe kwisikolo-mali esisekudala, njenge-ofisi yam osapho, kuya kuba, uya kufikelela ekupheleni kwe-low-returnover, kwixesha elide, ngokubambelela ngokukhawuleza kunye nomnqweno wokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweerhafu . Njengoko kugxininiswe ekuqinisekiseni umgama wokhuseleko , izikhundla ke zixhaswa yixabiso langaphakathi, nokuba ixabiso lentengiso lishiya ngexesha lokufumana . Kukho ezinye iifemu apho unokufumana ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, ukutshala imali ngokukhawuleza okubangela ukuba ugxothwe kwisikhundla ukuya kwindawo zonke ezinyangeni ezimbalwa njengoko uzama ukukhangela intsingiselo evela kwiitshathi (nokuba uthayibhile oku ndizalisa ngenyameko kodwa kukho abantu abenza olo hlobo into enoba iindleko ezinkulu kunye nokulahlekelwa kweentlawulo zerhafu ezichasiweyo ). Kukho iifemu ezisebenzisayo ekutsalweni kwezenkolo, ukususa izinto ezifana necuba okanye iifokisi zonyango (ngenxa yezivumelwano ezinokubamba isisu). Kukho iifemu ezikhethekileyo ekubeka imali ekusebenzeni kwiindawo ezithile zehlabathi, zabasebenzi nabahlalutyi abanokufunda ulwimi lwendawo kwaye baqeqeshwa kwiingxelo zezimali ezingekho kwi-GAAP.

Ukukubeka ngenye indlela: Ukuba unqwenela, amathuba okuba ekhona apho, kwindawo engcono okanye eyingozi. Unokuba njengolondolozo okanye uqikelele njengoko ufuna. Kukho iikhompyutheni ezilawulwa ngabanye eziza kubamba kuphela iifowuni ezihlawulelwayo ngokupheleleyo, ezingahlawulelwanga, ezahlukileyo, eziza kuhlawula iindleko ezingcolileyo, ukudubula inyanga, nokuthandaza zibethe ukungcola kwentlawulo (kunye neesentimitha ezintathu ukugcinwa kwezinto ezichaziweyo ukuchaza ingozi oyithathayo).

Izizathu zeAkhawunti eLawulayo ngabanye Idla ngokubanzi kwiindlela ezingezinye

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zeengxelo ezilawulwa ngabanye ngokuqhelekileyo yindlela enhle kakhulu kulabo abanempahla ebalulekileyo; kunye nezibonelelo zemali kunye nempumelelo ukwenza uninzi lwalungiselelo. Ezi zibandakanya, kodwa azithethi:

1. Ukusebenza kakuhle kweelayisipho kunye nerhafu. Ingaba ufuna ukuthengisa impahla ukuphakamisa imali okanye umphathi weepotfoliyo ufuna ukucima inzuzo kwisithuba esiyimpumelelo ukwenzela ukuba imali eninzi ihlale kwi-akhawunti, kunye ne-akhawunti ephethwe ngabanye ungabandakanyeka kwisicwangciso esaziwa njengokuvuna irhafu . Ukwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, ukuvunwa kweerhafu kungongeza ngokuthe ngqo kwizinga lakho lokubuyela emva kwentlawulo emva kokuhlawula irhafu, okwenza umehluko omkhulu xa ulula ixesha elide, ngokukodwa ukuba ungaphezulu kwereksi yentela. Ungaphinda ufune ukudlulisela iibhloko ezithile zesitokthi kwi-charity okanye intsalela yokuncedisa okanye isipho kubo abantwana bakho okanye amanye amalungu omndeni. I-akhawunti ephethwe ngabanye yenza kube lula kakhulu ukuyihlela ngendlela eqhubekayo apho ufuna khona kwaye ngaphantsi komntu werhafu.
2. Ukukwazi ukuthatha ingqalelo ngokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha. Njengoko sele sele sithintele ngokufutshane, kubangela abanye abantu uxinzelelo olunzulu ukwazi ukuba bazuzisa kwizinto ezifana nokuthengisa ugwayi okanye abortifacients ngokusebenzisa i-index index. Kanti abanye abafuni ukuba nezixhobo zokuvelisa izixhobo okanye i-oil drillers. Nge-akhawunti ephethwe ngabanye, loo nkxalabo inokuhlanjululwa ngokubanzi kwaye akukho mzamo.
3. Ukukwazi ukwenza izinto zokubeka umngcipheko kwimiqobo kunye nokukhupha izimo ezizimeleyo kuwe nakwintsapho yakho. Masithi awunamatyala kwaye ufuna ukudala umgca wokugcinwa kwemali yengeniso engenamvuzo ovumela u-4% ngonyaka ukwenzela ukukhusela intsapho yakho xa ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho. Okanye, mhlawumbi, ungumphathiswa-ntsebenziswano we-fund ye-trust you inherited kodwa ungafuni ukuthatha nayiphi na i-corpus ngaphandle kwezizathu zokukhusela i-asethi. Kunoko, ufuna i-trust ityala imali kwiimpahla ezingabhataleli igalelo, ngoko akukho ntlawulo yengeniso ehlawulwayo kwizinga lokumthemba (ekubuyiseleni kwindlela yokusebenza kwentela esaxoxa ngayo ngaphambili). Kodwa, awukwazi ukulala kakuhle ebusuku ngaphandle kokuba wazi amafemu apho ubambelela ngokulinganayo unemali enamandla kunye namashishini omabhalane amaninzi (akuyi kubakho iifowuni ze-airline kuwe!). Mhlawumbi uceba ukufudukela eJamani ukuya kumhlalaphantsi kwaye ufuna ukunciphisa umngcipheko weemali kwixeshana, ngoko uyazi ukuba uya kukwazi ukuhlawula indawo yokuhlala kuyo usebenzisa izabelo, inzala kunye neendleko eziveliswe yipotfolio yakho. Le nto yinto elula nge-akhawunti ephethwe ngabanye. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni imeko yakho, imali yakho ingasetyenziselwa ukusebenza ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuba yenze enye indlela.
4. Uthintelo lomntu. Unokuyithatha ifowuni okanye uthumele i-imeyile kwaye uthethe umntu ojongene nokujongana nobutyebi bakho. Unokubuza imibuzo, uhlale phantsi uze wenze inkomishi yekhofi, kwaye uze uze neqhinga lokwenza imali yakho isebenze kangcono kwiinjongo zakho. Akunjalo ukusebenzisana nomnye umntu ongenangqungquthela kwiziko lokufowunela. Kungenzeka ukuba umntu osebenza naye kuyo yonke inqanaba lakho lomsebenzi unokuncedisa abantwana bakho nabazukulu ukuba baphathe i-akhawunti yabo ngabanye ngenye imini.

Kungakhathaliseki isizathu sakho, akuyona ingozi apho abatyali-zimali abaninzi abafundayo, abanolwazi, kwaye banesibhozo esisixhenxe okanye sibhozo ekugqibeleni ukuphela kunye nesicwangciso sesevisi yezemali, esingahlala iquka i-akhawunti ephethwe ngabanye.