Indlela abaSebenzayo ngayo kwaye Kutheni abatshali-mali bawasebenzisa ekulawuleni i-Trust Fund
Yintoni, ngokwenene, unokuhlawula isebe elithembayo ukuba lenze? Ingaba ibiza malini? Kutheni ezi bhanki ziphakathi kwimizi yasefama kunye nabantu abancinci bezinikela ngezibonelelo kulo msebenzi ngaphandle kokuba abantu basebenzise?
Leyo yonke imibuzo emihle. Ndifuna ukuthatha ixesha lokuba ndiphendule kwaye, ndiyathemba, yongeza isixhobo kwisitya sakho sokwenza utyalo-mali olunokuba luncedo kwixesha elizayo.
Inkcazo emfutshane yeSebe laseBhanki
Amasebe amathemba aseBhanki aphakathi kweyona ndawo endala kwaye ininzi imimandla yebhanki yendabuko. Abathengi beSebe le-trust trust bangabandakanya umnini-shishini omncinci ophumelelayo edolophini ofuna ukubeka eceleni imali yabazukulwana bakhe ukuya kwikholeji, izintandane ezilahlekelwe ngabazali kwaye ngoku zine-inshorensi enkulu yobomi bomshuwalense, okanye umntu omdala ongenakukhubazeka uhlawulele ukuhlaliswa emva kwengozi. Amasebe athembekileyo angabangela uxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba i-block ye-Johnson & Johnson izabelo ezithengwa nguBhulukazi Omkhulukazi uBetty izizukulwana ezimbalwa ezedlule zihlawula igalelo kumalungu omtshato oselula kunazo zonke, ngelixa bengavumi ukuba bathengise isikhundla okanye baboleke kwizabelo.
Baya kusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba umfazi wesibini avunyelwe ukuba ahlale endlwini emva kokufa komyeni wakhe, kodwa ukuba indlu ngokwayo iya kubantwana ukusuka kumtshato wokuqala xa umfazi wesibini efa, nangona kamva esatshatileyo okanye ulahlekelwa ingqondo yakhe .
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ibhanki iya kunika iinkonzo phantsi kweebhulekile ezimbini ezibalulekileyo: 1.) Ulawulo lweTrasti kunye no-2.) Ulawulo loTyalo-mali.
Masithathe ixesha lokuba sixoxwe ngamnye ngamnye.
Iinkonzo zoLawulo lweTrust
Xa uqesha isebe le-trust trust yasebhanki kwiinkonzo zolawulo lwetrust, iinkcukacha ezithile zekhontrakthi ziyahlukahluka kwimeko ukuya kwimeko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ingaquka:
- Ukuba isebe lezithemba zebhanki likhonza njengotrasti kuphela okanye i-co-trustee kunye nelungu lentsapho elithembekileyo okanye umhlobo xa uqikelele izigqibo ngokuhambelana namaxwebhu olawulo lolawulo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le ntlawulo iiligidi ezili-dollar ngonyaka, ukuqala malunga ne-$ 2,500 yokubhaliswa kwetrasti.
- Ukuchithwa ukuhlola kunye nepropati ngokuhambelana nemigomo yokwethenjwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abaxhamli bafumana ixabiso elifunwa ngumnikezi-mali xa wayefuna, ngendlela ayayiyivuma ngayo. Oku kungabandakanya ukuhlawula iindleko zekhaya, ukusika isheke kwiyunivesiti yokufundiswa, ukuthenga indlu, ukudluliselwa kwemali ngokuthe ngqo, okanye nayiphi na enye imigaqo esemthethweni.
- Ukulawula ukugcinwa kweemfihlo kunye nokunika ingxelo ukuze nabaphathi bezentengiso zenkampani yesithathu kufuneka banikezele izatifikethi zezitokisi, izitatimende zetayitile, iibhondi kunye nezinye izinto kwi-bhanki ukuze zihlale zikhuselekileyo.
- Ukufakela irhafu yentlawulo ye-Federal kunye neyorhulumente ye-trust itself, ephathatyathwa njengeziko elizimeleyo kunye nenombolo yesazisi yayo.
- Iinkonzo ezizodwa ezifana nolawulo lwe-inshorensi ukuqinisekiswa kweempahla zentembeko zijongwa xa kwenzeka ilahleko.
Ezinye iinkampani, ezifana no-Edward Jones, zinikezela ngeenkonzo zokulawula izithenda kwiziko le-card. Ukubonisa, u-Edward Jones watyala imali engama-300 ukuya kwirejista yokubuyisela irhafu, i-$ 12,500 yee-time-settled fee kunye nentlawulo yokuhambisa kwi-fund ye-trust trust, i-$ 1,500 ngemali yokuthumela intlawulo kwi-estate, i-$ 3,750 yexabiso lempahla yokuthengisa, kunye nokunye.
Ulawulo lweTrust lungenza umqondo omkhulu kumntu ofuna ukushiya emva kwepropati ethile kwaye ahlale engatshatanga. Cinga idolophu yaseQuincy, eFlorida. Ibhanki yasekuhlaleni inama-50% e-asethi ye-trust kwizabelo ze-Coca-Cola Inkampani kuba iqela elincinane lalinamalungu angama-coke angamawaka ngaphezulu kunamanye amazwe emhlabeni.
Oku kwenzeka kuba ngowe-1920 kunye no-1930, u-Pat Munroe, umgcini-bhanki, wagqiba ekubeni kufuneka aqinisekise abaxhasi bakhe, abahlobo bakhe kunye nabaziwayo ukuba bathenge izabelo zesinqwaba sokuphuza njengoko behamba ngeCreatression Depression. Wada waya kwangoko ukubhala imali mboleko yebhanki kulabo awaziyo ukuba angahlawula imali, abakhuthaze ukuba bathathe inxaxheba yobunini ukuba baya kudlulela kwizizukulwana, njengokuba babeza kubucala.
Iintsapho, zikhula zihlala zicebile kwizabelo zabo ze-Coca-Cola kunye neengeniso, zigqithise ukulingana phantsi komthi wentsapho, abazali kubafundi, abantwana kubazukulu, abazukulu kubazukulu. Kweminye yalezi themba, umsebenzi ophezulu we-trust administrator ukuqokelela izabelo, qi ni sekise ukuba zihlawulwe kubaxhamli abanelungelo, kwaye ifake i-tax return. Kukho ezimbalwa, ukuba zikhona, iinqununu zokwabiwa kwemali zibandakanyeke ngoko ulwalamano lolawulo luyimfuneko.
Iinkonzo zolawulo lweTrasti zingasetyenziselwa ethile impahla. Khawucinge ukuba ubhala incwadana engcono kakhulu yokuthengisa. Ngenxa yokutshintshwa komthetho we-copyright e-United States, ubunini belo khankaso liqinisekisiwe iminyaka engama-70 edlulileyo umhla wokufa kwakho. Isilungiselelo sokulawulwa kwetrasti singabandakanya i-trustee ebhankini ukuqokelela iirhafu zakho kwaye emva koko uyihlawule ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zakho ezibhaliweyo. Ngaloo ndlela, abantwana bakho okanye abazukulu abanakuze bathengise ilungelo lobunikazi, balahlekelwa kwi-stake game stake game ye poker, okanye mhlawumbi bayigxotha.
Iinkonzo zoLawulo loTyalo-mali
Ngamanye amaxesha, iinkonzo zokulawulwa kweengxowa-mali zithengi. Ukuba ufuna okanye ufuna i-bhanki le-trust trust ukuba wenze izigqibo zokutshala imali, ubeke i-asethi ye-trust fund ukuba isebenze, kufuneka uhlawule iinkonzo zokulawula utyalo-mali ngaphezulu kweenkonzo zokulawula i-trust.
Xa uthenga i-trust trust yasebhanki ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zokulawula utyalo-mali, iya kuthatha i-asethi ye-trust, utyalo-mali kunye nokuchithwa kweempahla ngokwemiqulu yokumthemba echaza umnqweno wesibonelelo kunye nemingcele. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha ezithile zelo lungiselelo, iinkonzo ezininzi zokuphatha iipotfoliyo zixabisa phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-2% ye-asethi yexabiso ngonyaka, ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa kwizitofu zekota, kunye neyona ncinane imilinganiselo yemali ebekwe kwixabiso elithile elihambelana nobukhulu bomxhasi umcebisi anqwenela ukuba kutsala.
Umzekelo, emva kowe-2014, ukuqala ulwalamano lolawulo lotyalo-mali, iVanguard, ephakathi kweenkampani ezithembekileyo zeendleko zentengiso namhlanje, ihlawulise imali engama-0.7% kwi-$ 1,000,000 yokuqala kwiimpahla, kunye nomyinge we-$ 500 xabiso elincinci le-500,000. I-$ 1,000,000 ezayo ihlawuliswa kuphela ngu-0.3%, kwaye nayiphina imali engaphezulu kwe-$ 2,000,000 yokuqala i-0.20% kuphela. Unokuhlawula imali echanekileyo kwii-Vanguard imali ezabanjwe kwipotifoliyo ngokulinganisela kweendleko zomhlala-mali .
Ininzi yamasebe asebebhanki athembela kutyalo-mali kwiiklasi ze-asethi ezifana nezitokisi, iibhondi, i-real estate, imali kunye namashishini abucala. Ukubuyela kuVanguard, ukuba unokushiya i-$ 500,000 kwi-trust yakho kubantwana bakho, yonke imali ngemali yomshuwalense wobomi, abaphathi bezobalo-mali banokubakho ukuqokelela iqoqo edibeneyo yokubambisa ukulungiselela ukukhutshwa okukhuselekileyo. ; iibhondi eziboshwe ngeentsimbi , iintsimbi ze- blue chip , mhlawumbi ezinye ze- REIT , iibhola ezimbalwa zeeNondyebo.
Amanye amasebe asebebhanki amathenda afanelekileyo kwiintlobo ezithile zeempahla, kunye namava kwimiba ethile. Ngokomzekelo, eTexas, kusenokuba yinto engavamile ukuthembela ukubandakanya amalungelo enkomo okanye oyile. E-Iowa, iifama esebenzayo iphela ingasetyenjwa kuze kube yinto encinci ivela ubudala kunye nebhanki ephethe izivumelwano zakwa-sharecroppers ukuze zenze ibuyiselo elihle kakhulu elivelisekayo. ENew York, i-wealthy scion ezayo yobudala ingaba nesakhiwo sendawo yonke okanye iqoqo lezinto eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthenjwa. Imirhumo yale nkonzo ye-esoteric ingaba yinto ephezulu kuba iquka ukubandakanya olunye usuku nosuku. Unokuphinda uqeshe iifenethi zokulawula imali ngokukhethekileyo ngenkontileka yolawulo lotyalo-mali, njengalezo zizodwa ezibonakalayo kwixabiso lokutyalomali.
Iinkonzo zolawulo lotyalo-mali ezinikezelwa ngamasebe asebebhanki ngamabhanki zihlala zixhomekeke kakhulu kumalungiselelo olawulo oluqhelekileyo kwiakhawunti yokurhweba rhoqo kuba abacebisi benza njengama-fiduciaries. Ngoko ke, kufuneka bahambelane nento ebizwa ngokuba yi "Prudent Man Rule", evela kwimeko enkundleni eneminyaka engama-200 ubudala eMassachusetts eyaziwa njengeHarvard College v . Esi sigwebo sifuna amatrasti, "ukujonga indlela amadoda anengqiqo, ukuqonda kunye nobunzima abaphatha ngayo imicimbi yabo, kungekhona ngokubhekiselele, kodwa ngokubhekiselele kwisimo esingasigxina semali yabo, becinga ukuba ingeniso ebonakalayo, kunye nokufumana ukhuseleko olunokwenzeka yentlawulo enkulu. Ukubonelelwe ukuba kungakanani ubulungisa ukuba ijaji inokuba ngaba ngabaxhamli bawagxeka ngenxa yeelahleko, bambalwa ama-trustees ezinkampani azilungele ukwenza utyalo-mali obungozi obusondeleyo kumgca xa bejongene nezinto ezigcinwe kwithemba. Kuxanduva olukhulu.
Indlela yokuhlawula iSebe leTrust Trust
Ukuba unomdla wokufunda okungakumbi malunga nemali yebhanki ethile yebhanki, kufuneka uqhagamshelane neziko kwaye ucele ishedyuli yohlawulelo. Le mihla, ininzi inokufumaneka kwi-intanethi. Ukusebenzisa oko, kufuneka ube nokukwazi ukufumana ingcamango engathandekiyo yemali enokuyifuna ekuthembeleni ukwenza iziko elithile libiza ixabiso elifanelekileyo.
Kwabo ababeka i-fund trust kunye nefuna uncedo ekunqumeni inkampani yenkxaso-mali yokwenza imali, funda Imibuzo emithathu ekufuneka uyibuze Xa ukhetha iTrasti kwi-Trust Trust yakho .