Njani Nokuba Kuphi Ukuthenga Iimali Zama-Best Index
Apha siwabelana ngeenkampani eziphathekayo zeengxowa-mali kunye nabathengi bokunciphisa ukuthenga iimali zenkcazo, kunye neefomathi ezimbalwa zezimali ezihlawulisa kakhulu iimali zenkcazo (kwaye kufuneka ziphephe).
IiNkampani zeMutual Fund ezinikezela ngeeNgxowa-mali eziphezulu
Iingxelo eziphambili zengxelo ngokubanzi zizo zimbonakalo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo: 1) Ukulinganiswa kweendleko eziphantsi kunye no-2) Ukulandelela inkcazo yokulandelela. Ngamazwi ahlukeneyo, ekubeni iifom zenkcazo zilawulwa ngotyalo-mali ezilungiselelwe ukuphindaphinda ukusebenza kwikhowudi ekujoliswe kuyo, ukhangele iindleko eziphantsi kunye nokusebenza okucatshulwa ngokufanayo nesalathisi.
Nazi ezinye zezona nkampani eziphambili apho abatyali-mali bangakwazi ukufumana iimali zengxelo ezilungileyo.
- Utyalo-mali lwamaVanguard : I-Vanguard Investments iphakathi kweyona nto ihamba phambili kunye neyintandokazi yeenkampani zenkxaso-mali. Umsunguli uJack C. "UJack" uBogle wakheka inkampani malunga nombono wakhe wokuba imali ephantsi kweendleko zenkxaso-mali ingabonelela ngenzuzo ephezulu kunomtyalo-mali osisigxina.
UBogle, ngoku umhlala phantsi, ngokufanelekileyo nangokubonakaliswa ngokuqhubekayo kuluntu-mali-mali ukuba kuyisilumko ukuzama indlela elawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo apho isicwangciso - mali esicwangcisiweyo esincinci, esincinci esincinci singabonelela ngokutsha. I-Vanguard yinkampani yokuqala yokuxhaswa kweengxowa-mali yokubonelela ngengxowa-mali ye-index, ebizwa ngokuba yiVanguard 500 Index (VFINX). Nabo banesiseko esikhulu se-stock mutual fund kwihlabathi, iVanguard Total Total Stock Index Index (VTSMX), kunye neyona nkunzi enkulu ye-bond joint kwilizwe, i-Vanguard Total Bond Market Index (VBMFX). Kwaye kunye nokukhethwa kweyona nto ephantsi kweendleko eziphantsi, i-index ye-indexed load, iVanguard ngowona mkhulu kwaye ungcono kunikezelo lweengxowa-mali ezixhamliweyo kwihlabathi. Banikezela ngemali yenkcazo edibanisa amasheya kunye nezibhonkco ezifana neVanguard Index Balanced (VBINX) kunye neengxelo zemali ezijolise kumacandelo athile, ezibizwa ngokuba yimali yecandelo, njengeVanguard Energy (VGENX), i-Vanguard Health Care (VGHCX), kunye ne-Exchange Rates , okanye ii-ETF, ezifana neemali ezihlangeneyo. Iingxowa-mali ze-Vanguard zifuna imali engaphantsi kwe-3,000 eyi-investment yokuqala ukuze iqalise. Iminikelo engaphantsi eqhubekayo i-$ 100 okanye iphantsi.
- Utyalo-mali : Ukunyaniseka kwezoTyalo ziyaziwa njengekampani yenkxaso-mali kunye nomboneleli weenkonzo zokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kunye nemveliso, njengama-401 (k) amacebo kunye nee-IRA, kumashishini kunye nabantu ngabanye. Ukunyaniseka, okusekwe ngo-1946, yenye yezona nkampani ezinkulu zeenkonzo zezezimali kwihlabathi jikelele. Njengenkampani yokuxhaswa kwemali, i-Fidelity ivukile emva kweminye yemali ephathekayo elawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo, njenge-Contraid Trust (FCNTX), ephethwe nguWilliam Danoff kunye noFidelity Magellan (FMAGX), yaziwa udumo kuma-1980 ngongoma umphathi wezezimali, uPeter Lynch. Nangona ukuthembeka kukugxininisa kwiimali eziphathekayo eziphathekayo, zineenkcukacha ezincinci, eziphezulu zexabiso kwixabiso. Ngokomzekelo, iNkcazo ye-Fidelity 500 (FUSEX) inexabiso lentengo ye-0.09% kuphela, ephantsi kune-0.16% ye-Vanguard 500 Index. Ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi, ngokugqithiseleyo kwexesha i-FUSEX ilindeleke ukuba iphumeze i-VFINX ngokubuyela kumtyalomali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iindleko zangaphakathi zenze iindleko zomntu, ukubuyela kwakhona kumtyalomali. Ukunyaniseka kunemali emininzi yenkcazo yemali, njenge-Fidelity US Bond Index (FBIDX), i-Fidelity Mid Cap Index (FSCLX), i-Fidelity Small Cap Index (FSSPX), i-Fidelity Total Index Index (FSTMX) kunye nabanye abaninzi. Iimali zenkcazo ye-Fidelity zifuna imali engaphantsi kwe-2,500 eyi-investment yokuqala ukuze iqalise. Iminikelo engaphantsi eqhubekayo i-$ 100 okanye iphantsi.
- UCharles Schwab : Eyaziwayo nje ngokuba nguSchwab kunye negama elibizwa ngokuba ngumsunguli walo, uCharles Schwab Corporation yinkampani yokuthengisa isaphulelo esinika inkxaso-mali kunye kunye neenkonzo zemali kubanye abatyali-mali. Eyasungulwa ngo-1971 phantsi kwegama lokuQala iNkulumbuso, uShawab waqala ukunikezela ngeenkonzo zokuthengisa iinkonzo kubantu ngabanye kwisaphulelo ngo-1975. Ngaphambi kwaloo xesha, ukutshala imali kwimarike yemasheya kubhekwe ngokuyinhloko njengelungelo lomntu ocebileyo. umgca wayo wemali. Isalathisi sabo semali yinto ephantsi kakhulu kwaye iyona nto ifumaneka kakhulu kwimarike. Phakathi kweengxelo zabo ezichanekileyo zengxelo ye-Schwab S & P 500 Index (SWPPX) kunye neSwab epheleleyo ye-Stock Market Index (SWTSX), ezo zombini zinexabiso eliphantsi kweendleko ze-0.09%, okuthelekiswa nomyinge we-industry. Utyalo-mali obuncinane bokuqala u-$ 100 nalo lucandelo eliphantsi.
- Iimali eziMntla : Ukuba wenze nayiphi na uphando kwiimali ezidibeneyo zeendleko ezihlangeneyo, usenokuba weva kwiiNkxaso zeMantla. Uninzi lweengxelo zabo zemali zinexabiso eliphantsi kweendleko kunezo ziValoard Investments. Izimali ezisemntla zilawulwa yiNorthern Trust, enika imali engama-50 kunye neengxelo zezimali eziphantsi kweendleko, ezifana neNorthern Mid Cap Index ( iNOMIX ), iNkcazelo yeNyakatho yeNcinci ye-Northern Small ( NSIDX ) kunye ne-Northern Bond Index ( NOBOX ) , zonke ezo zinexabiso lentengo ye-0.15% kwaye iphantsi kweemali kwiindidi ezifanayo kwiVanguard.
Ukufumana iifom zeeNgcaciso zeeNkcazo kwiiNkampani zeRhafu zeRhafu
Abaninzi abathengi be-intanethi abafikelela kwiimali-zimali zansuku zonke badla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngabathengisi basaphulelo. Uninzi lwabantu alucingi ngeefenki zokurhweba xa zicinga ngeemali ezihlangeneyo. Kunoko, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, bacinga ngezinye zeenkampani ezingenakuxhatshazwa kwemali , ezifana neVanguard, Fidelity, kunye neT. Rowe Price. Abathengisi be-intanethi abathengisa imali abahambisa ukhetho olubanzi lweemali ezihlangeneyo (nangona bengabakho) yi-Etrade kunye ne-TD Ameritrade. UCharles Schwab naye ungumthengisi wezaphulelo kodwa banikezela ngemali yabo, njengoko kuvezwe ngaphambili kweli bali.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba iifranki zokurhweba, kunye neenkampani zenkxaso-mali, zihlala zihlawula iimrhumo zokuthengisa xa kuthengiswa okanye kuthengisa izabelo zemali evela kwezinye iinkampani. Ezi ntlawulo zihlala ziphantsi kwaye zijikeleze i-$ 10 nganye yorhwebo.
Abathengisi bemivuzo kaninzi banikela ngamawaka eemali eziphathekayo kodwa qiniseka ukuba uqalise uphando lwakho ngokujonga ngokukhetha kwabo "akukho-ntlawulo-ntlawulo-mali" okanye "i-NTF Funds."
Jonga kwiNgxelo zeNgxowa-mali eziNinzi
Njengoko ngoku uyazi, i-index index ilawulwa ngokukhawuleza, oko kuthetha ukuba iqela lolawulo lithenga kuphela iziqinisekiso ezifunyenweyo kwisikhombisi-ndlela kwaye akufuneki ukwenza nayiphi na uphando kwaye akukho nto ifunekayo yokuthengisa. Oku ngokwemvelo kugcina iindleko zangaphakathi zokusebenzisa imali yenkcazo ephantsi kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko akukho sizathu esihle sokuhlawula iindleko kubaphathi-mali abangaphezu kwesilinganiso semali yenkcazo, malunga ne-0.40%.
Nazi ezinye zeengxowa-mali eziphezulu zeS & P 500.
- I-Index ye-Nuveen Equity (FCEIX): i-1.37% yexabiso leendleko
- I-Invesco yeS & P 500 Index Index (i-SPICX): i-1.33% yexabiso leendleko
- I-Deutsche S & P 500 Index Index (i-SXPCX): i-1.32% yexabiso lentengo
- I-Wells Index (i-WFINX): i-1.31% yexabiso lentengo
Ukongeza kwimivuzo ephezulu yeendleko, iiklasi zesebe zezabelo zihlawula umthwalo wezinga le-1,00%, ohlawulwa ukuthengwa kwaye xa uthengisa izabelo, ezenza zibe zibiza kakhulu. Qaphela ukuba le mali ingaba nezinye iiklasi zezabelo ezingabizi ngaphantsi kunezi; nangona kunjalo kusenqanaba elingaphezulu kumyinge weendleko.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.