Akukho ndawo i-Topp Berkshire Hathaway njengeSitoreji esiNinzi kakhulu kwiMhlaba
Okwangoku, ukuthengwa kwezinto ezinobalulekileyo kwiimarike zomhlaba yiBerkshire Hathaway, Inc. (i-NYSE: BRK) , ixhaswe ngabanye abafake izicelo ze-Stock Street abahlonishwa kakhulu, uWarren Buffett.
Iiklasi zeBerkshire Hathaway-Izabelo zithengisa i-$ 293,000 ngesabelo ngasinye , phakathi kwenyanga kaDisemba, ngo-2017. (Amasheya e-Class B-Berkshire Hathaway athengisa ubuncinane, malunga ne-$ 170 ngesabelo ngasinye.)
Inqaku elikhawulezayo: Ukwahlula phakathi kwe-BRK-A izabelo kunye neengxenye ze-BRK-B zichanekileyo, kwaye zichaphazela ngqo intengo yesabelo. Izabelo ze-Class A zijoliswe kubatyala-mali abathintekayo abanjengoBuffett, baxabisa i-portfolio-gains, kunokuba ixabiso lentengo elifutshane lizenzeke, kwaye zikulungele ukuhlawula ixabiso lentengo ephakamileyo ukuze lifumane. Abatsalomali bezabelo zeBakala B banikezela ukuguquguquka okukhulu, kunye neentlawulo zerhafu ezininzi.)
Ngokwe-year-to-date, i-BRK-A iphakanyisiwe ukusuka kwi-$ 250,000 ngesabelo ngasinye ngoJanuwari odlulileyo, ukuya kwi-293,000 yee-namhlanje namhlanje, nangona isitokhwe sithengisa nge-$ 205,000 ngo-2016. xabiso layo langoku, kwi-300,000 ye-share share. UBuffett uye wakha i-Berkshire Hathaway njengenkampani ebambeleleyo yeenkampani ezininzi, eziquka i-BNSF, i-Precision Castparts, i-Lubrizol, i-MidAmerican Energy kunye ne-GEICO.
Ngendlela ephawulekayo ngayo ukukhula kwexabiso lentengo kaBerkshire Hathaway? Zama oku-ukuba umtyalo-mali ubeke iR $ 10,000 kwi-BRK (malunga ne-808 izabelo ezisekelwe kwixabiso lemali le-12) ngeli-1964, loo mtyalo-mali uza kufumana i-$ 208 yezigidi eziphakathi kwe-2017. Okanye, ngokweminye imimiselo, intengo yesitokhwe yayiza kuphakama i-1,972,595 iphesenti ukususela ngo-1964 ukuya ekupheleni kuka-2016.
Esi sisenzo esinzima ukulandela, nangona ezinye iindawo ezinamanani aphezulu aphethe amabali amnandi ukuxelela, ngokunjalo.
Ngokomzekelo, i-Berkshire Hathaway ilandelwa kwi "uluhlu lwamaxabiso aninzi kakhulu" ngo-Seaboard Corporation (SEB), inkampani yelizwe elinamazwe angama-Fortune asebenza kwiinkampani zoshishino lwezolimo kunye nokuthutha. E-Kansas, i-SEB ithengisa i-$ 4,287 ngesabelo ngasinye phakathi noDisemba, kunye nekhredithi yemarike eyi-$ 4.93 yezigidigidi. Ukulandelela emva kweSeaboard yiNVR, Inc., ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zaseVirginia kunye ne-mortgage giant. Ithweba kwi-3,392 yeeRandi, kunye nekhredithi yemarike eyi-$ 12.7 yezigidigidi.
I-Berkshire Hathaway inokuthi ingabambeli kwisihloko sayo "esitokisini esithengiswa ngokubanzi kwizithuthi zikawonkewonke" ixesha elide. Ngo-2018, i-Saudi Aramco, inkampani yeoli yombuso yase-Saudi Arabia, ilungiselelwe ukuhamba esidlangalaleni, kunye nexabiso eliqikelelwa li-$ 2 trillion. I-Saudi Aramco ihamba esidlangalaleni, abahlalutyi beemarike bathi iya kuba yintengiso yehlabathi ebiza kakhulu.
Iimali zentengiso: Imilinganiselo engcono yexabiso
Nangona ixabiso lentengo yesabelo sawo iBerkshire Hathaway njengobuninzi bezentengiso ezithengiweyo kule mihla, akuyona eyona nto inkulu ngemali yeemarike , eyona xabiso leenkampani ezithengiswa esidlangalaleni (kubalwa ngokuphindaphinda inani elipheleleyo lezabelo ngenani labelo lamanje ).
Inhlonipho iya kwi- Apple (AAPL), kwi-874 billion yezigidigidi . I-Google ayikho ngasemva kakhulu, kunye nekhredithi ye-market ye $ 714 billion.
Iingcali zithi ukuxabisa inkampani eyenziwa ngurhulumente ngeefowuni zeemarike kungaba yindlela efanelekileyo ngakumbi yokuqikelela ixabiso lentengiso yekhampani kunexabiso lentengo. Ngoba? Ngenxa yokuba iimali zentengo yemarike ngokuqhelekileyo i-metric echanekileyo kunexabiso lentengo, ngokusekelwe kwimathematika elula kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukulinganisa ixabiso leenkampani kunye nobukhulu kunye nezinye iinkampani.
Ngokubanzi, i-capital capitalisation ibonisa ukuba inkampani eyenziwa ngurhulumente ixabiseke kangakanani kwiimarike zezemali zehlabathi jikelele ngokubhekiselele kwimakethi yeemasheke kwithempelithi yenkampani enikwe, kwaye yeyiphi imali enotyalo-mali abazimisele ukugubungela ukuthenga izabelo zayo esitokisini.
Kodwa akukho konke. Iimali zengxowa-mali zingasetyenziselwa ukuseka ukulindela okunokwenziwe kwisitokethi esinikeziweyo, kwaye kuncedise ekuqulunqeni isicwangciso sotyalo-mali soxanduva.
Nangona kungekho mqathango wezobuchwepheshe kwiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zeenkampani, njengoko zilinganiswe ngetekethi yemarike, kukho ezinye izikhokelo ezilandelelanayo kubafakeli-mali ukuba balandele:
- Iifomthi ezinkulu ziqhelekileyo iinkampani kunye neefowuni zeemarike ngaphezu kweebhiliyoni ezili-10
- Iinkampani eziphakathi kwamashishini zihlala zivela kwi-$ 2 billion ukuya kwii-10 ezigidigidi zeedola
- Iinkampani zeenkampani ezincinci zihlala zijonge ngaphantsi kwe-$ 2 billion kwiimali zentengiso
Icandelo ngalinye linikeza iingozi kunye nembuyekezo. iinkampani ezinkulu zekampani, umzekelo, zinikezela ngokukhula kwexabiso lentengo ephantsi, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye neentlawulo ezihlawulelwayo. Iinkampani ezincinci zenkampani, ngokuchaseneyo, zinikezela abatyala imali enkulu yokukhula, nangona kwingozi enkulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo abahlali bahlawula igalelo.
Okwangoku, i-metric cap metric ikhuthaza iinkampani ezifana ne-Apple ne-Google. Kodwa ukuba intengo yesabelo yintonga yokulinganisa yokwenene, uWarren Buffett noBerkshire Hathaway bahlala bekumkani beentaba-kulo nyaka, nokuba kunjalo.