Ngaba ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho xa ufaka i-bankruptcy? Mhlawumbi hayi, kodwa funda ufunde xa umqeshi angasebenzisa ukufakela i-bankruptcy ukuze wenze izigqibo zengqesho, kwaye indlela yokuchithwa kwebhanki inokuchaphazela njani imvume yakho yokhuseleko, ilayisenisi yezobugcisa kunye namakhadi ekhredithi.
Le ngenye yemibuzo enzima kakhulu ummeli webhanki kufuneka aphendule. Umntu onokubhankqalaza angadlala kwisigqibo somboleki-mboleko sokukuboleka ngemali mboleko, inkampani yenkampani yinshorensi isigqibo sokukuqinisekisa, kunye nesigqibo somnini-mhlaba sokuqeshisa kuwe.
Ubungacinga ukuba i-bankruptcy inokuchaphazela nokuba unokufumana okanye ugcine umsebenzi. Ezweni eligqibeleleyo, bekungekho nhlambalazo kunye nezo shishini ziza kubona ukuchithwa njengesixhobo esiphendululwayo kwimicimbi yezemali kwaye yenza umboleki aboleke imali, umboleki, umqeshi okanye umqeshwa. Leyo ke, ngelanga, akunjalo.
Ngokusemthethweni? Ikhowudi ye-bankruptcy inegalelo lokuchasana nenqanda ukuchithwa kwabasebenzi esekelwe kuphela ekufakeni umntu. Kodwa, kunzima ukuphoyisa kunye nokubonisa. Iimpazamo zineemvelaphi kwezinye iingxaki, njengengxaki yonyango, umtshato okanye ukungasebenzi. Ngamanye amaxesha ukutshatyalaliswa ngumzamo wokulungisa oko abanye abaqeshi bangakubona njengokuziphatha kakubi okanye umlinganiswa, njengengqondo yokulwa nemali, ukugembula ngokweqile, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala, okanye ukuziphatha kakubi. Kukho imithintelo embalwa kwizenzo zomqeshi ngokusekelwe kwiimeko ezikhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni.
Imiqathango yokuShatshazwa kweKhowudi yokuChatshazwa
Icandelo 525 yekhowudi ye-bankruptcy inezigaba eziliqela. Inqobo yokuqala iyayinqanda inqununu karhulumente ukuba ingacaluli kumntu owafaka i-bankruptcy kwiintlobo zeentengiso ezifana nezicelo zeemvume, ii-charters kunye neelayisenisi. Ngokumalunga nomsebenzi, iCandelo 525 (a) lisitshela ukuba urhulumente wephondo awukwazi "ukukhanyela umsebenzi, ukuphelisa umsebenzi, okanye ukubandlulula ngokumalunga nomsebenzi onxamnye nomntu" oye wafaka ityala le-bankruptcy.
11. USC § 525 (a).
Icandelwana elilandelayo, elongeziweyo kamva, lisebenza kubaqeshi abazimeleyo, kodwa alufikeleli ububanzi obufanayo njengoko icandelwana ngocalulo lukarhulumente. Icandelo 525 (b) lilandelela ulwimi ngo-525 (a) ngaphandle kokuba lugqithise ibinzana elithi "khanyela umsebenzi".
Makhe sijonge kwimiba echaphazelekayo yenkxaso-mboleko abajongene nayo.
Ngaba Ndingayilahla Umsebenzi Ukuba Ndiyibeke I-Bankruptcy?
Kukhona umbandela onomdla apha, kwaye ngokucacileyo kukho enye inkulu ekhompyutheni yokuchithwa kocalulo. Amacandelo karhulumente akakwazi "ukukhanyela umsebenzi" kumntu oye wafaka ityala le-bankruptcy. 11. USC § 525 (a). Iinkundla zitshintshile eli gama ukuba licacile kwaye libanzi.
Icandelwana elisebenza kubaqeshi abazimeleyo, i-USC § 525 (b), ayinalo igama kuwo onke ngokumalunga nokukhanyela umsebenzi, nangona ezinye iinguqu zokuchaswa kumqeshwa, ulandelela amagama kumaqela karhulumente.
Inkundla ezininzi (kodwa kungekho konke) eziye zaqwalasela le ngxaki ziye zaqikelela ukuba ngenxa yokuba iCongress ingaba nayo, kodwa ayizange ifake, ibandakanye ibinzana kumgca wecandelo lomqeshi wabucala, kufuneka likhethwe ngenjongo yokuvumela abaqeshi abazimeleyo ukuba baphiye umsebenzi kumntu ofake ukuchithwa.
Baye banqwenela ukukubona njengongamela.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kungenandaba. Nangona ikhowudi ye-bankruptcy evimbela umqeshi wangasese ekusebenziseni i-bankruptcy ekucaleni kwisigqibo sokuqeshwa, ikhowudi ayimvumeli ukuba umqeshi angaqwalasele ezinye izinto ezinokuthi zichaphazelekayo, njengembali yengxowa, ukugembula, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye ukusetyenziswa kotywala, izigwebo, ukuziphatha okubi ukukhwabanisa nokukhwabanisa. Enyanisweni, abaqeshi bafuna ukuba umqeshi womsebenzi atyikitye ukukhululwa ukuvumela umqeshi ukuba athathe ingxelo yengxelo yemboleko. Abaqeshi abakwazi ukutsala ingxelo yengxelo yemboleko ngaphandle kwemvume, kodwa banako ukugatya umntu ongasayineli ukukhululwa.
Ngaba Umqeshi Wami Uza Kufumanisa Nge-My Bankruptcy?
Ukuba ufaka icala leSahluko 7 , mhlawumbi umqeshi wakho akafanele azi . Ukuphazamiseka zifayile zentlalo ezifumanekayo kunoma ubani ofuna ukufumana iifayile.
Kwezinye iindawo, amaphephandaba asekuhlaleni aya kubhala amagama abantu basekuhlaleni okanye iinkampani ezifake imali. Oko kungabonakali kuyinto evamile. Xa ufaka i-bankruptcy, kufuneka unikezele amagama kunye needilesi zabathengi bakho kumaphepha akho e- bankruptcy ukuze inkundla ikwazi ukwazisa loo meko. Ukuba ufaka icala leSahluko 7, akukho sizathu sokuba uluhlule igama lomqeshi kunye nedilesi ngaphandle kokuba uhlawulise imali yomqeshi wakho.
Icandelo le- 13 le- bankruptcy lihlukile. Isahluko 13 izicwangciso zokuhlawulwa zilawulwa yiTrasti 13, abazithabathayo iintlawulo zenu zenyanga kunye nabasababolekisi abaye bafaka izicelo zamacala kwiimeko zenu. Uninzi lweSahluko 13 i-trustees lifuna ukuba abatyala abaqeshweyo bathathe iintlawulo zabo bathathe isalathiso kwiirhafu zabo, ezifana nokuhlobisa. Umphathiswa uya kukhupha umyalelo kumqeshi ngemiyalelo malunga nokuba ungaphi na ukuthumela imali.
Oku akuthethi ukuba umphathi wakho uya kufumanisa malunga ne-bankruptcy yakho. Kodwa abanye abasebenzi baya kuba nexhala lokuba imisebenzi yabo inokuchaphazeleka, nangona ulwimi lweCandelo 525 lokulwa nocalulo. Kwamava am, iinkundla zikulungele ukuqwalasela umbandela, ingakumbi kubasebenzi abanemisebenzi ebandakanya ukusebenzisana nemali okanye izigqibo zemali.
Ngaba Ndiyakucinywa Ukuba Ndifake i-Bankruptcy?
Ngokusemthethweni? Cha. Awukwazi ukucinywa ngenxa yokuba ufake ityala le-bankruptcy. Ulwimi lweSiqendu 525 kumacandelo karhulumente kunye nabaqeshi abazimeleyo ngokucacileyo luyabenqabela ngokuphelisa abasebenzi. Kodwa sele isetyenziswe yinkantolo ukuba ifake izenzo ezifana nokunciphisa iiyure zakho, ukunciphisa umvuzo wakho, ukutshatyalaliswa okanye ukuthatha uxanduva.
Ngoko, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umqeshi wakho uyazi malunga nokutshatyalaliswa kwakho kwaye kungekudala emva koko uthatha isenzo esichazela ukuba uyiphendule ngokuthe ngqo kwimeko yakho yokutshatyalaliswa? Enyanisweni, kunokukho naziphi na izizathu, ngaphandle kwebhanki, ukuba umqeshi enze utshintsho olukhulu kumsebenzi wakho. Ukubopha nayiphi na loo nto kwi-bankruptcy iya kuba yinto engenakwenzeka, ingakumbi ukuba umqeshi unokusekela ezo zigqibo ezifanayo kwiimeko ezinokubakhokelela ekubanjweni.
Kwiimeko zamalungelo oluntu, ngamanye amaxesha inkundla iya kukhangela kwimizekelo yeziphumo ezichasayo ukuba ubungqina obunayo abufumaneki. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umqeshi uyalahla umviwa ngamnye omnyama, oko kuya kuba bubungqina obuqinileyo bokuthi umqeshi wayenza izigqibo zokuqesha ngokusekelwe kubuhlanga. Ukuba umqeshi uthatha inyathelo kuwo wonke umqeshi ofake iifayile eziphawulwayo, oku kungaba bubungqina obunamandla.
Ngaba Ndiya kuLahla ukuKhuselwa kwam Ukhuseleko xa ndifaka iFayilruptcy?
Ubunokwenzeka ukuba uya kulahlekelwa imvume yokukhusela ngenxa yecala lokubhankqalaza alikho. Kodwa, njengezinye iimeko zengqesho, izizathu zokuba kutheni ufake i-bankruptcy inokubangela isigqibo. Kodwa, kwicala elihle, u-bankruptcy ngokwayo unokusebenza ngokuzithandayo.
Ndineklayenti kwiminyaka ethile edlulileyo eyasebenza njengomphandi we-IRS. Umxhasi wam unikwe emva kweebhilidi emva kokugqithiswa kwexesha elingenamsebenzi. Xa kwakuyimfuneko yokuba afanelekele imvume yokukhusela, umphathi wakhe wamyalela ukuba adibane nommeli we-bankruptcy. Wafaka icala leSahluko 13, wafumana imvume yakhe yokukhusela, kwaye ekugqibeleni wagqitywa iSicwangciso seSahluko 13 ngempumelelo.
Uninzi lweemvume zokukhusela zikhutshwa liSebe lezoKhuseleko emva kophando olunzulu oluza kubandakanya ezininzi iinkalo zobomi bakho. I-DoD ibhekisela kwimicimbi yezemali ngokukodwa kuba abantu abanemicimbi yeemali bayasengozini yokungena kwi-blackmail. Kukho ukwesaba ukuba baya kuthatha izenzo ezinobungozi okanye benze ulwaphulo-mthetho kwinzame yokufumana imali. I-DoD iya kuqwalasela:
- nokuba awukwazi okanye awufuni ukuhlawula iibhokhwe zakho njengoko ziza ngenxa
- imilinganiselo yakho yokuchitha kwaye nokuba uhlale uphila ngaphezu kweendlela zakho
- umthombo wengeniso yakho
- ukugembula kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye ukusetyenziswa kotywala oku kunokukhokelela kwimicimbi yezemali okanye kukubangela ukuba usengozini kwi-blackmail okanye kwezinye iimpembelelo ezingaphandle
- naziphi na izenzo ezingekho mthethweni ozenzayo, ingakumbi ezo malunga nemali enjenge-embezzlement, ukukhutshwa kweerhafu, ukweba okanye ubuqhetseba
- isimo sakho sokufakelwa kweerhafu kunye neentlawulo
Kodwa oku akusiphela isiphelo sebali. I-DoD iyakwazi ukuba imicimbi yayingaphandle kolawulo lomntu okanye nokuba umntu uthathe amanyathelo okulungisa imeko. Ngokukodwa, iSebe lezoKhuseleko liya kuqwalasela ubungqina bokuba:
- ukuziphatha kwakungekho nje kutshanje
- kwakukho isiganeko esisodwa
- iimeko ezibangele ukuziphatha kwakukho ngaphaya kolawulo lomntu (umzekelo, ukulahleka kwengqesho, ukunyuka kwezoshishino, uxinzelelo lwezonyango olungalindelekanga, okanye ukufa, umtshato okanye ukwahlukana)
- umntu ufumene okanye ufumana ukululekwa ngxaki kwaye kukho izibonakaliso ezicacileyo ukuba ingxaki isisombululo okanye ilawulwa
- ukuxhamla kubangelwa ngumthombo wezomthetho, kwaye
- umntu waqalisa umzamo ontle wokholo ukuhlawula abathengi abangadluliyo okanye ngokunye ukuzimisela amatyala
Ngaba I-Bankruptcy iya kutshabalalisa ilayisenisi yam yobugcisa?
Abantu abaninzi abanezakhono kufuneka babe nelayisenisi, enikwe kuphela emva kwenkqubo yesicelo epheleleyo kunye neengxelo zokuhlola kunye nobugebengu. Ikhowudi yebhanki ikhubaza ukucalulelwa ngumlawuli welayisenisi nje ngokuba umfaki sicelo ufakela phantsi. Kwakhona kunjalo ukuba ubugcisa bafuna amalungu abo ukuba alandele imilinganiselo ethile yobungqina kunye nomlingiswa. Le migangatho idla ngokufuna ukuba uqeqesho lugcine ukulawula imali. Kodwa, njengokuba iSebe lezoKhuseleko liya kubonakala lijonge, abaphathi bamaphepha-mvume baya kuthi, kwaye baya kulindela uchwepheshe ukuba achaze iimeko.
Ukuba ungobuchwepheshe, tshekisha ibhunga lakho lolawulo malunga neemfuno zesaziso. Unokufuneka uxelele igunya lakho lokulayisenisa xa ufaka icala le-bankruptcy.
Yintoni eyenzekayo kwiNkampani yam-iKhadi leMali elikhutshweyo xa ndifake i-Bankruptcy?
Ukuba inkampani yakho ikukhonze ikhadi lokuthenga ngetyala lokusebenzisa iindleko zokuhamba okanye iimpahla, amathuba kukuba ungekho nje umsebenzisi ogunyazisiweyo. Ukukhusela umniki kunye nomqeshi, iinkampani ezininzi zekhadi lesikweletu (ngokukodwa i-AMEX) kunye nabaqeshi bafuna ukuba umnini-mnikazi wekhadi asebenze kwi-akhawunti. Abaqeshi banokukhawulela ukusetyenziswa kwekhadi ekuthengeni kuphela okuxhomekeke kwingqesho, kodwa oko akuyi kuluyeka umqeshwa ekusebenziseni ngokwakhe. Abanye abaqeshi baxoxisana namanye amalungiselelo nabaniki bamakhadi. Ukuba iindleko zakho zihlawulwa ngokuthe ngqo yinkampani kwaye akufuneki ukuba ufune ukuhlawulwa kwakhona kwaye uhlawule i-bill yakho, unethuba elihle lokuba awubopheleleki ngokwalo ekhadini. Indlela kuphela eya kukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo kukuba uqhagamshelane nomqeshi wakho.
Xa ufaka i-bankruptcy, kufuneka uluhlu lwekhadi lakho leenkampani kwiphepha lakho lokubhankqalaza ukuba unemfanelo kulo, kwaye uya kulahleka ukusetyenziswa kwekhadi kuba umniki wekhadi uza kuvala i-akhawunti. Ukuba uzama ukwenza isiphelo ngokukhawulela umniki-khadi, mhlawumbi akayi kusebenza. Ababoleki bekhadi lokuthenga ngetyala (credit card) bafaka ingxowa yefowuni ngenombolo yokhuseleko loluntu kwimihla ngemihla ukulingana neakhawunti.
Ngoko, ungayifumana njani kumqeshi wakho malunga neakhawunti yakho yebhanki ekhawulezileyo? Nantsi iplani yezemidlalo:
- Musa ukuyihoxisa le nto. Njengoko kunzima ukufikelela kwinkampani, kuya kuba lula xa bakuva kuwe kuqala.
- Ngaphandle kokuba usebenzele inkampani encinci, oku kungeke kube yithuba lokuqala iqela lakho lijongene nalo mbandela.
- Umqeshi unokulungela ukunika ikhadi elikhutshwe yinkampani apho ungumsebenzisi ogunyazisiweyo, ngakumbi ukuba awukho umkhuba wokusebenzisa i-akhawunti yakho yenkampani kwishishini lakho.
- Umqeshi unokulungele ukumisa iakhawunti yekhadi yebhanki kuwe okanye kukunikezela kwangaphambili.
- Kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu, kufuneka usebenzise i-akhawunti yakho yebhanki kwaye uthembele ekubuyiselweni emva kwesikhathi. Ukuba inkampani ikuhlawula imali yokubuyiselwa kweendleko ngexesha lokufakela i-bankruptcy yakho, leyo iyimpahla kuwe kwaye kufuneka ibhalwe njengempahla kwiphepha lakho lokushicilela. Ukuba loo mali ikhutshwe, iya kukhuselwa ekufikeleleni kwintendelezo, kwaye ungayisebenzisa imali ukuxhaswa i-akhawunti yakho yeendleko zeshishini. Ukuba ayinakhululwa, kwaye umphathiswa we-bankruptcy ufuna ukuwusebenzisa ukuhlawula abathengi, unakho uqobo.