Iipropati, Ukuveliswa kunye nezicelo zeTin

Tin isitampu esithambileyo, esilumbile-esiluhlaza esilula kakhulu kwaye ilula ukuyibilika. Ngenxa yokuba ithambile, i-tin ayifuni isetyenziswe njengetsimbi ecocekileyo; Kunoko, idibaniswe nezinye izinyithi ukwenzela ukuba wenze i- alloys ezineenzuzo ezininzi ezinobuninzi. Ezi ziquka inqanaba eliphantsi lokuyingozi kunye nokuchasana okuphezulu kwi- corrosion . I-Tin nayo inokungabonakaliyo (kulula ukuyicinezela nokuyila ngaphandle kokuphula) kunye ne-ductile (iyakwazi ukunyulwa ngaphandle kokugqabhuka).

Iipropati

• I-Atomic Symbol: Sn
• Inomic Number: 50
• I-Element Category: Post-transition Metal
• Ubunzima: 7.365g / cm3
• I-Melting Point: 231.9 ° C (449.5 ° F)
• Indawo yokubilisa: 2602 ° C (4716 ° F)
• Ubunzima bukaMoh: 1.5

U ku velisa

I-Tin isoloko iveliswa kwi-cassiterite yamaminerali, eyenziwe malunga ne-80% yeetoni. Uninzi lwe-tin lufunyenwe kwiifowuni zonke, emigodini yamanzi, nakwimilambo yangaphambili, ngenxa yokukhukuliswa kwamagumbi ore aneenksimbi. I-China kunye ne-Indonesia njengamanje abavelisi abakhulu behlabathi. I-Tin icubungelwa kumaqondo okushisa afike kuma-2500 ° F (1370 ° C) kunye nekhabhoni ukuvelisa i-tin ephantsi kunye ne-CO ₂ gas. Emva koko uhlambulukile ukuhlambuluka ngokuphezulu (> 99%) itsimbi yentsimbi ngokubilisa, ukutywala okanye iindlela zokusebenzisa i-electrolytic.

Izicelo

Izinto ezininzi zemihla ngemihla esizidibanisa ne-tin, ezifana "neenkonkxa zetini" kunye ne "tinfoil", zikhohlisayo. Iinqanawa ze-tin, eqinisweni, zenziwe kwinqanaba elibhekiselwe kwi-tinplate, enesinyithi esenziwe ngetsimbi esongwe nge-tin.

I-tinplate idibanisa ngokufanelekileyo amandla ensimbi kunye nefuthe le-tin, ukuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion, kunye ne-toxicity ephantsi. Iipesenti ezingama-90 zeetplate zisetyenziselwa ukwenza (tin) amathanga okutya kunye neziphuzo, izimonyo, ioli, ioli, iipende kunye nezinye iikhemikhali. Nangona i-tin kuphela yenza iingubo ezincinci kwi-tinplate, imboni yona mthengi omkhulu kwiitini emhlabeni wonke.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Tinfoil, inokuba yenziwe kwitini ixesha elincinci ngexesha le-20 leminyaka, kodwa namhlanje lenziwe kuphela kwi- aluminium.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-alloys ye-tin kungenziwa emva kweenkulungwane ezininzi. Iibhantshi zebhonze (i-bronze i-alloy yobhedu kunye ne-tin), kuquka i-hatchets, izibuko, kunye nezigulane, ziye zafunyanwa kwiindawo ukusuka kwiYiputa yangoku ukuya eChina. I-Tin yaye yachithwa ngokukhokela ngamakhulu eminyaka ukwenzela ukwenza iibheke, iipotyi, iikomityi, kunye namacwecwe. Ukuqaphela imiphumo emibi yempilo yokukhokela, i-pewter namhlanje iyenziwa ngokususa i-tin, i- antimony kunye ne- cobalt .

Isicelo seTan esiphezulu sisisombululo sokwenza i-electronics industry. Isetyenziswe kwiimpawu ezintle kunye nama-alloys (rhoqo ngokukhokela okanye i-indium), amajoni e-tine aneendawo ezincibilikiweyo ezenza ukuba zilungele izinto zokudibanisa.

Izilwanyana ze-Tin nazo zifumaneka kwiintlobo ezininzi zezicelo, kuquka iibhabhi ze-Babbitt (eziqhelekileyo zenziwe ngethusi, inkokheli okanye i-antimony), iinqwelo zezimoto (zenziwe ngetsimbi ), ama-amalgam wamazinyo (ahlanganiswe nesilivere) kunye ne-aerospace zinyithi (ezidibene ne-aluminium ne titanium ). I-alloys ye-zirconium (edlalwa ngokuba yiZircaloys), esetyenzisiwe kwiimenyu zenyukliya, iphinda iqulethe i-tin.