Imbali ye-Antimony
AmaYiputa asekuqaleni asebenzisa iindlela ze-antimony kwizimonyo kunye namayeza angama-5000 kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Oogqirha bamandulo baseGrike babethe i-antimony powders ukunyangwa kweengxaki zesikhumba, kwaye ngexesha le-Middle Ages i-antimony yayinomdla kwi-almistist eyayinika loo nto uphawu. Kuye kwacetyiswa ukuba ukufa kukaMoart ngo-1791 kwakubangelwa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwamachiza ase-antimony.
Ngokwezinye zeencwadi zokuqala zeemetallurgy ezishicilelwe eYurophu, iindlela zokungaqhelani i-antimony zetsimbi zaziwa ngokuba yi-chemistism eminyakeni engama-600 eyadlulayo.
Ephakathi kwe-15 leminyaka
Esinye sezinto zokuqala ze-antimony ezazisetyenziswa kwi-metallic zafika phakathi kwekhulu le-15 xa zongezwa njengegosa elinzima kwindlela yokuprinta yentsimbi esetyenziswe yimishini yokushicilela yokuqala kaJohannes Gutenberg.
Ngama-1500s, i-antimony kuthiwa yongezwa kwii-alloys ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iintsimbi zecawa kuba zibangele ithoni ekhangayo xa ibetha.
Ephakathi kwe-17 leminyaka
Ngeli khulu le-17 leminyaka, i-antimony yafakwa kuqala njenge-agent ekhuni ukukhupha (i-alloy of lead and tin ). I-Britannia zinyithi, i-alloy efana ne-pewter, eyenziwe nge-tin, i-antimony, kunye nobhedu , yaveliswa kungekudala emva koko, iveliswa kuqala nge-1770 eSheffield, eNgilani.
Eyona nto ingabonakaliyo kunokuba i-pewter, eyayifuneka iphonswe kwifomu, i-Britannia yensimbi yayikhethwayo ngenxa yokuba ingafakwa kwiimakhishithi, inqunywe ize ilandwe.
Insimbi yaseBrithani, esasetyenziswa nanamhlanje, yayisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-teapots, ikgs, izibane zokukhanyisa, kunye nee-urns.
Ngowe-1824
Ekubeni ngo-1824, i-metallurgist egama linguIsake Babbitt waba ngumvelisi wokuqala wase-United States weempahla zeetafile ezenziwe eBritannia zinyithi. Kodwa igalelo lakhe elikhulu ekuphuhliseni ama-altim e-antimony ayizange ifike emva kweminyaka eyi-15 xa eqala ukuzama ama-alloys ukunciphisa ukuxubana kwiimjini zomoya.
Ngowe-1939, i-Babbitt yakha i-alloy eyenziwe ngeengxenye ezine zethusi, izingxenye eziyi-8 ze-antimony kunye neengxenye ezingama-24 zetinen, ezaza kwaziwa ngokuza kuthiwa yi-Babbitt (okanye i-Babbitt isinyithi).
Ngowe-1784
Ngomnyaka we-1784, uGenerali Jikelele waseBrithani uHenry Shrapnel wavelisa i-alloy ehamba phambili equle i-10-13 pesenti ye-antimony eyayinokuba yinto ejikelezayo kwaye isetyenziswe kwiinqaba ze-artillery ngo-1784. Ngenxa yombutho waseBrithani owamukelwa yi-Shrapnel ye-teknoloji ngekhulu le-19, i-antimony yaba kwinqanaba lezemfazwe. 'I-Shrapnel' (iimbumba) yayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi I, okubangelwa ukuveliswa kwe-antimony yomhlaba jikelele ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini kwi-toni 82,000 ngo-1916.
Ukulandela imfazwe, imboni yezemoto e-US ivuselele imfuno entsha yeemveliso ze-antimony ngokusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kweetribhethi ze-acid-lead apho zichanekileyo zikhokelela ekuqiniseni i-grid plate material. Iibhetri ze-Lead-acid zihlala zingundoqo ekusetyenzisweni kwe-metallic antimony.
Ezinye zeMbali zoLwazi lweAntimony
Ekuqaleni kwee-1930, urhulumente wengingqi ephondo laseGuizhou, ephethe igolide, isilivere okanye nayiphina insimbi eyigugu, ikhutshwe ngemali eyenziwe kwi-antimony-lead lead alloy. Ingqekembe yesigidi yesigidi yaxelwa ukuba iphose, kodwa ithambile kwaye ithambekele ekudakaleni (ingathethi, inetyhefu), imali ye-antimony ayizange ibambe.
Imithombo
Pewterbank.com. I-Britannia Metal i-Pewter .
URL: http://www.pewterbank.com/html/britannia_metal.html
Wikipedia. Babbitt (isinyithi) .
I-URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babbitt_(alloy)
Hull, uCharles. Pewter . Shire Publications (1992).
Butterman, WC kunye noJF Carlin Jr. USGS. Iphrofayela yeMveliso yeMineral: iAntimony . 2004.
I-URL: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-019/of03-019.pdf