Kwiqondo lokushisa kwekincinci i-zinc i-brittle kunye ne-blue-white embala, kodwa inokuphefumlelwa ekugqibeleni.
Isiseko sensimbi , i-zinc isetyenziselwa ngokutsha ukuze kugqitywe isinyithi , inkqubo yokukhusela isinyithi ngokuchithwa okungafunekiyo. Kodwa i-alloys ye-zinc, kubandakanywa ubhedu , ibalulekile kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo, ukusuka kwiindawo eziselwandle ezixhatshazwayo ezinokuxhatshazwa kwezixhobo zomculo.
Properties Properties
- Amandla : i- Zinc yintsimbi ebuthathaka kunye namandla angaphantsi kwesigxina se-carbon carbon. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayisetyenzisiwe kwizicelo zokuthwala imithwalo, nangona iindawo ezingenaxabiso ezinokuthi zifakwe kwi-zinc.
- Ukuqhafaza : I-zinc ephilileyo inobunzima obunzima kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo i-brittle, kodwa ii- alloys zincinci ziba namandla amaninzi xa kuthelekiswa namanye ama-alloys afa.
- I-Ductility : Phakathi kwe-212-302 o I- Z zinama-ductile kwaye zingenakunyuswa , kodwa ekushiseni okuphakamileyo kuya kubuya kwi-brittle state. Kwakhona, ii-zinc alloys ziphucula kakhulu kule propati phezu kweso sixhobo esinyulu, ukuvumela iindlela ezininzi zokwenza izinto.
- Ukuqhuba : Ukuqhuba i- Zinc kuyimodareyithi yesinyithi. Noko ke, izakhiwo zayo ezichanekileyo ze-electrochemical, zisebenza kakuhle kwinkqubo yokugungqa kunye neebhetri ze-alkaline
Imbali
Iimveliso ze-alloy ze-zinc ezenziwe ngabantu zithembeke ngokukhawuleza emva kwe-500 BC, kwaye i-zinc yafakwa kuqala ngenjongo yokwenza ubhedu ukuze ifake ubhedu nge-200-300 BC.
I-Brass yongezwa ngobhedu ngexesha lobukhosi bobuRoma ekuveleni kweemali, izixhobo, kunye nobugcisa, kwaye yahlala isetyenziswa ngokuyinhloko kwe-zinc kwa-1746 xa u-Andreas Sigismund Marggraf wazihlukanisa ngokucacileyo into ecocekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba wayichaze ngokucophelela inkqubo yakhe nendlela eyasebenza ngayo, i-zinc yayisondele ngokuthengisa.
U-Alessandro Volta wadala ibhetri yokuqala ngo-1800 usebenzisa i-copper et zinc plates, esebenzisa ixesha elitsha lolwazi lombane. Ngo-1837, u-Stanislas Sorel uye wachaza inkqubo yakhe entsha ye-zinc-plating, i-galvanization, emva koLuigi Galvani, owayesifumene nompembelelo wombane ngeli gama. I-galvanization, uhlobo lokukhusela i-cathodic, lunokukhusela iintlobo ezininzi zeesinyithi kwaye ngoku sisisiseko soshishino lwe-zinc.
IZinc kwiMarike
I-Zinc ngokuyinhloko ikhishwe kwi-ore equkethe i-zinc sulfide, i-zinc blende okanye i-sphalerite.
Amazwe amachibi kunye nokuvelisa i-zinc ecocekileyo kakhulu, ekuhlaleni, yi-China, Peru, Australia, e-United States naseKhanada. Ngokwe-Geological Survey yase-US, malunga ne-13.4 yezigidi zeetrikri ze-zinc kwi-concentrate zagqitywa ngo-2014, kunye neChina eqikelelwa malunga nama-36 ekhulwini.
Ngokwe-International Lead and Zinc Study Group, malunga neetriyoni ezili-13 zezigidi zamathani ezi-tric zatshintshwa ngokunyanisekileyo ngo-2013 ekugubungeni, ubhedu kunye ne-alloys yethusi, ii-alloys zincinci, ukuveliswa kweekhemikhali nokufa.
I-Zinc ithengiswa kwi-LME njengezivumelwano ze-"High Range Grade" kwi-99.995% ubuncinci obuncinane kwiingotshi ezingama-25.
IiAlloys eziqhelekileyo
- I-Brass: 3-45% Zn ngesisindo. Isetyenziswe kwizixhobo zomculo, iiplavines, kunye ne-hardware.
- Isilivere yesilivere: i- 20% yeZn ngesisindo. Isetyenziselwa ukubonakala kwayo kwesilivere ngesilivere, i-silverware, iitrafti zendlela zokufundisa kunye neempahla zomculo.
- Zinc diecasting alloys: > 78% ngesisindo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ziqulethe amanani amancinci (ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezimbalwa) zePb, Sn, Cu, Al, kunye neMg ukuphucula iimpawu zokuhlaziya kunye neepropati zomatshini. Kusetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezincinci ezinobunzima kwaye zifanele ukuhambisa izinto kumashishini. Ixabiso elincinci kula ma-alloys libhekiswa njengombumbi wensimbi kwaye isebenza njengezithuba ezingabonakaliyo zensimbi.
Amazwi anomdla
- I-Zinc ibaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke ubomi emhlabeni, kwaye isetyenziswe kuma-enzymes angaphezu kwama-300; Ukungabikho kwe-zinc kwabonakala njengengxaki yezempilo kliniki ngo-1961. I-International Zinc Association ichaza ukuba i-zinc ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kwamaselula kunye nemitosis, ukuvelisa, umsebenzi wesistim somzimba, ukunambitheka nokuvumba, isikhumba sempilweni nempilo.
- Amapenki aseUnited States akhiwe ngundoqo we-zinc equkethe i-98% yesisindo sawo. I-2% eseleyo isambatho esenziwe ngethusi ekhethiweyo. Isixa sobhedu esetyenzisiweyo kwi-pennies siya kutshintsha ukuba i-US Treasury ibona ibiza kakhulu ukuvelisa. Kukho ezininzi iiligidi ezimbini zeepen-core pennies ezijikelezayo e-US!