Iimpawu ze-austenitic insimbi engenasici
Ama-steels ase-Austenitic angama-magnetic angenazintambo ezingenasiphelo eziqukethe amanqanaba aphezulu e- chromium kunye ne- nickel kunye namazinga aphantsi kwekhabhoni. Eyaziwa ngokuba yimpumelelo kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola , i-austenitic steels iyona ibakala elisetyenzisiweyo kakhulu insimbi engenasici.
Ukuchaza iziganeko
Izitishi ze-Ferritic zinezixhobo zekhoyiki (BCC) zengqolowa, kodwa i-austenitic uluhlu lwamaxabiso angenasinalwazi luchazwa yilo lwakhiwo lwe-cubic (FCC) lwama-cubic (ubuso beCCC), obunee-atom enye kwinqanaba ngalinye lekhamera enye ngamnye ubuso.
Isalathisi sakha xa ubuninzi be-nickel bongezwa kwi-alloy-8 ukuya kwi-10 ekhulwini kwi-18% ye-chromium alloy .
Ukongeza kokungabikho magnetic, ama-austenitic angenasiphatho angabonakali. Basenokubanda basebenze ukuphucula ubunzima, amandla kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo, nangona kunjalo. Isilathisi sesisombululo esibuthayo kwi-1045 ° C esilandelwa ngokucima okanye ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kuya kubuyiselwa imeko yesimo sokuqala, kubandakanywa nokususa ulwahlulo lwabalandeli kunye nokuseka kwakhona ubuqili emva kokusebenza kubanda.
Iinqununu ze-austenitic ezisetyenziselwa i-nickel zihlelwe njengoluhlu lwe-300. Okuqhelekileyo kwezi zi- bakala 304 , eziqulethe i-18% ye-chromium kunye ne-8 nickel ye-8.
Ipesenti ezisibhozo lixabiso elincinci le-nickel elingenakongezwa kwintsimbi engenasininzi equkethe i-chromium engama-18 ukwenzela ukuguqula ngokupheleleyo i-ferrite ibe yi-austenite. I-Molybdenum inokudibaniswa kwinqanaba le-2 ekhulwini kwi-316 ye-grade ukuphucula ukuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion.
Nangona i-nickel yinto ebalulekileyo ekusebenziseni ukuvelisa ama-austenitic steels, i-nitrogen inika enye into. Izitishi ezingenanto ezingenayo i-nickel ephantsi kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-azrogen zihlukaniswa njengezihloko ezi-200. Ngenxa yokuba i-gesi, ke, i-nitrogen kuphela inokuthi idibaniswe ngaphambi kokuba kube nemiphumo emibi, kuquka ukuveliswa kwe-nitrides kunye ne-gas porosity eyanciphisa i-alloy.
Ukongezwa kwe- manganese , kunye ne-austenite yangaphambili, edibaniswe nokufakwa kwe-nitrogen ivumela ukuba ixabiso elongezelelweyo legesi lidibaniswe. Ngenxa yoko, ezi zinto zimbini, kunye nebhedu -yinto enezakhiwo-eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo ye-nickel kwi- 200 iindidi zee -lessless steels .
Uchungechunge lwama-200-olubhekiselwe njengama-chromium-manganese (CrMn) ama-steels-stainless-aphuhliswe kuma-1940 nakwa-1950 xa i-nickel yayinokufutshane kwaye amaxabiso aphezulu. Ngoku kuthethwa njengengeniso ebonakalayo yindleko yee-300 zeetyeli ezingenasinxibe ezingabonelela ngenzuzo eyongezelelweyo yokuphucula amandla okuvelisa.
Amanqanaba afanelekileyo ase-austenitic angamaqatha angenasiphatho anokufumana ubuninzi bekhabhoni yekhabhoni ye-0.08 ekhulwini. Iibakala ze-carbon ephantsi okanye "L" zamabakala zinomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni we-0.03 ekhulwini ukwenzela ukuba ugweme imvula yamanzi.
Izitishi zase-Austenitic aziyiyo imbane kwiimeko ezihlanjululweyo, nangona ziyakwazi ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza xa kubanda . Bakha ukulungeleka kakuhle kunye ne-weldability, kwakunye nokuqina okugqithiseleyo, ngokukodwa kumaqondo aphantsi okanye aphantsi. Amabakala ase-Austenitic nawo anokunyamezela ukunyuka kweemveliso kunye nokuqina okuphezulu.
Ngelixa ama-austenitic steels axabisa kakhulu kunama-ferritic angenazintambo ezingenasiphelo, ngokuqhelekileyo zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zikhulile kwaye zikhuselekile.
Izicelo
Ama-asethi ase-Austenitic angenasininzi asetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezininzi zezicelo, kubandakanywa
- Uhlobo lwezithuthi
- Cookware
- Izixhobo zokutya neziselo
- Izixhobo zokusebenza
Izicelo zeBakala
304 no-304L (ibanga eliqhelekileyo):
- Iitanks
- Iinqwelo zokugcina kunye nemibhobho yokunxiliswa kwamanzi
- Imayini, iikhemikhali, i-cryogenic, ukutya kunye nesiselo, kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza
- Ukusika
- I-Architecture
- Iinkomfa
309 no-310 (amanqaku aphezulu e-chrome kunye ne-nickel):
- Isitrato, iiliti, kunye nezixhobo zokuguqula i-catalytic
318 kunye ne-316L (amanqanaba aphezulu e-moly content):
- Amathangi okugcina amachiza, iinqanawa zokuxinzelela, kunye nokubhobhoza
321 no-316Ti ("ozinzileyo" zamabanga):
- Emva kokubuyisela
- Ukushisa okukhulu
- Abaxhasi
- Ukwandiswa kweminwe
Iingqungquthela ezingama-200 (amanqanaba aphantsi e-nickel):
- Iifishi zokuhlambela iimpahla kunye noomatshini bokuhlamba
- Ukusika kunye nokupheka
- Amathangi amanzi ngaphakathi
- Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zendawo zangaphandle kunye nezakhiwo
- Izixhobo zokutya neziselo
- I zithuthi