Iiplani ezili-10 zokuCwangcisa iikholeji ezenziwa ngabazali

by Ken Clark

01 Ukukhulisa Igalelo Lentsapho Yilindelekileyo (EFC)

Njengoko uvimba oluncinci lwejelo njengecwangciso lwekholeji lufumana malunga nezinye iintlobo zezicwangciso zezemali, akumangalisi ukuba abazali benza iimpazamo ezishiya kwaye zilungile. Ngokudabukisayo, ngexesha elincinci phakathi kokuzalwa komntwana kunye nokuqala kwekholeji, kukho ixesha elincinci lokubuyisela kwiipopori zokucwangcisa iikholeji.

Ingaba usanda kuba nomntwana wakho wokuqala okanye iikholeji ezinkulu zeekholeji ziyiminyaka embalwa nje, akukaze kufike ixesha elide ukuqiniseka ukuba uhamba ngendlela efanelekileyo. Kuqiniseke ukuba utyalo-mali olunexesha elifanelekileyo ukujonga izicwangciso zakho ezikhoyo malunga nolwahlu lwam I-Top 10 zokuCwangcisa iikholeji.

Ukukhulisa i-EFC yakho

I- Contribution Family Family (EFC) yinxalenye yengeniso yentsapho yakho kunye neempahla oza kulindeleka ukuba uchithe kunyaka nawuphi na unyaka ngaphambi kokukhawuleza uncedo lwezezimali. Ngokubalulekileyo, uncedo lwezemali luya kubhala kuphela iindleko eziseleyo ngaphezulu nangaphezulu kwe-EFC yakho.

Nangona kungenangqiqo ukuzama nokwenza imali encinci yokufumana uncedo olungaphezulu lwemali, kunengqiqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-akhawunti yakho yokulondoloza abantwana ibhalwe ngokufanelekileyo. Umzekelo, iipesenti ezingama-20 zeempahla kuma-akhawunti angumntwana ( njengeGMA okanye i-akhawunti ye-UTMA ) kulindeleke ukuba isetyenziswe rhoqo ngonyaka kwiindleko zekholeji. Nangona kunjalo, kuphela ipesenti ezingama-5.64 zezinto ezigcinwe kwigama lomzali kulindeleke ukuba zisetyenziswe. Kulungile, akukho nenye yezinto eziphathekayo kunye nootatomkhulu kulindeleke ukuba zisetyenziswe kumntwana (kuba akukho ndawo yokuyikhetha le fomu yeF FAFSA ).

02 Ukungaqwalasela ixesha lakho lokuma

Ngokungafani neempahla zomhlalaphantsi, apho abantu abaninzi banokuphucula ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka engama-20-40, ungalindela ukusebenzisa i-akhawunti yakho yokugcina imali kwikhotile ye-2-4. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ngokungafani neakhawunti yakho yokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, awunalo inkululeko yokukhwela isikhankaso sexeshana kwiimarike zotyalo-mali.

Nangona utyalo-mali oluphezulu luyakwamkeleka xa uneminyaka elishumi okanye ngaphezulu ushiywe kude kube yimali efunekayo, njengoko usondela ngakumbi ekufuneni ukurhoxisa imali , kufuneka uqikelele ukuhambela kwizinto ezincinci. Ukufakwa kwangoku kweeakhawunti ezisebekhulile kwizicwangciso zeCandelo 529 zenze le nkqubo ichaneke kwaye yinto enhle kubazali abanethuba elithile okanye ulwazi lotyalo-mali.

03 Ukungathathi iiRhafu zakho zeRhafu

Ezinye zezibonelelo zerhafu ezivulelekileyo ezifumanekayo kwi-America-middle class zenzelwe ukucwangcisa iikholeji. Ezi ntlawulo, ezinokuthi zifike kwiindlela zokuncitshiswa kweerhafu okanye ityala lokubambisa irhafu , linokusindisa amawaka eedola ukuhlawula iikholeji okanye ukuxhaswa nge -akhawunti yeSiqendu 529 .

Mhlawumbi ikhefu ezinkulu zerhafu ezihlala zingasetshenziswanga yiT Hope Scholarship kunye ne- Lifetime Learning Credit , ezo zombini zingenza i $ 1,500-2,000 ibuyele ephaketheni lakho ngexesha lokuhlawula. Ngokudabukisayo, abaninzi abazali abaqondi ngokupheleleyo ukuba banokubango ezi ngenelo.

04 Ukungasebenzisi iiNgxowa-mali zabafundi

Abazali abaninzi babheka iimali-mboleko zabafundi njengento ebangelisayo yokuba abahluleki ukufumana imali eyaneleyo okanye abazange benze umsebenzi omhle wokugcina oko babenakho. Ngeli xesha ngelo xesha, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iindleko zekholejini zihamba ngokukhawuleza kunokuba abaninzi baseMelika bangakwazi ukuqhubeka. Ukusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo imigaqo- mboleko ye-Federal student loan kungabancedisa abazali nabafundi ngemali yeekholeji kwimfundo engama-3.40 ekhulwini ngonyaka.

Ingaba okanye ungacingi ukuba uya kugqitywa ngemali ngeprogram efana ne- Stafford okanye i- PLUS mboleko , kubalulekile ukugcwalisa ifom yeF FAFSA . Le yifom esisiseko esisetyenzisiweyo kwiofisi yezemali yee-ofisi ukuncedisa oko unokufumana. Njengoko ilizwi elidala lihamba, "into eyona nto ingenzeka kukuba kukuba 'cha'!"

05 Ukunyaniseka kweempembelelo zeMveliso

Kuze uqonde ukuba iindleko zeekholeji ezikhawulezayo ziphuma ngaphaya kolawulo , kunzima ukwenza umsebenzi ofanelekileyo wokwenza iikholeji. Ngoxa i-"intlawulo yokuphila" ebanzi inyukile okanye "iyancipha" kumyinge wesiganeko we-2 ekhulwini ngonyaka, iindleko zekholeji zivame ukwandisa ama-5-6 ekhulwini ngonyaka. Oko kuthetha ukuba iindleko zekholeji zikhuphuka kathathu ngokukhawuleza njengoko ezinye iindleko zokuphila, kwaye mhlawumbi kathathu ngokukhawuleza njengendlela yokuhlawula.

Ukuqonda ukhetho olufanelekileyo lotyalo-mali kunye nokusebenzisa i-akhawunti ejongene nokulwa nokunyuka kwemali, njengamacebo okuHlolwa kweeNgxowa-mali eziPhambili , zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba imfundo yeekholeji ihlala kwindawo efanelekileyo.

06 Ukufumana Ubunzima Ngama-Investments akho

Andizi ukuba yintoni ngathi (ikakhulukazi amadoda) esiya kugxininisa ekuhambeni nasekuhambeni kwezinto. Kodwa, kuzo zonke iintsapho ezi-10 ndizenza ucwangciso lwekholeji kunye, kuya kubakho umntu obambelela kwiingxowa-mali zendabuko kwiakhawunti yekholeji yabantwana. Kule minyaka, ndibone yonke into evela kubantu abatyala imithi yokuvuna xa umntwana wabo ekholeji kumntu ozama ukukrhweba imarike kwikhadi elithile lomdlali webholakie.

Musa ukungahambi kakuhle. Ezi zinto zingonwabile kwaye zenzeke utyalo-mali xa ziyinxalenye enkulu yepotfolio, kodwa ayikho indawo yengxowa yemfundo yengane yakho. Ngaphandle koko ininzi lale mali-mali ilahlekelwa yerhafu-inzuzo kwezinye iikholeji ziyakuthandayo, ziyabonakala ziphindaphindiweyo ngokungaqhelekanga.

Ngeminyaka engaphantsi kwemashumi mabini kude kube yilapho uya kufuna iimali zekholeji yakho, unamathele ngokuthe ngqo kunye nomncinci. Khetha utyalo-mali olulula olufumana umsebenzi; ukuphepha utyalo-mali aluzange lusetyenzise ukucwangcisa iikholeji

07 Ukukhetha utyalo-mali kunye neendleko eziphezulu zonyaka

Ngelishwa, iindleko kunye neendleko zengxowa-mali ezininzi kunye nezicwangciso zeCandelo 529 zibonakala zifuna i-degree ephezulu kwimathematika ukuyiqonda. Ngelixa kunokuba kungalindelekanga ukuba ungayigxininisi le ngongoma yokucwangcisa iikholeji, ukuqinisekisa ukuba utyalo-mali lwakho luyimpumelelo-kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukukhula kwakho kwexesha elide.

Nangona kungabonakali ngathi kunempembelelo enkulu, iipesenti ezingaphezulu kwe-2 kwiimirhumo zinganciphisa inani lokuphela kweepotfoliyo ngamaphesenti angama-50 ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20. Iimali ezigqithiseleyo, nakwii-portfolio ezenza kakuhle, zinokunyusa kakhulu inani oza kulugcina ukuze ufikelele kwiinjongo zakho zocwangciso zeekholeji.

08 Ukusebenzisa ii-Akhawunti zokuLondoloza kwiKholeji

Unako ukubeka uphawu malunga naluphi na uhlobo lwe-akhawunti, kwi-akhawunti yokukhangela ebhankini yakho kwi- Roth IRA , njengengxelo yekholeji kumntwana wakho. Ngelishwa, nangona kunjalo, akuzona zonke ezi ngxelo zidalwe zilingana. Ingxowa-mali efanayo yentengiso ethengiweyo kwelinye uhlobo lwe-akhawunti linokuxhomekeke kwiirhafu ezingaphezulu kunokuba kuthengwe kwenye i-akhawunti. Ngokufanayo, enye i-akhawunti ingalimaza amathuba akho okuncedisa ngemali amaxesha angama-4-5 ngaphezu kwesinye.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekukhetheni i-akhawunti yekholeji eyiyo kukufumana isigama sakho kwisigxina. Kufuneka ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iingxelo ezihlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo eziphambili.

Ukuze uqalise, kufuneka uhlaziye iingxelo zethu zee-akhawunti ezinkulu zeekholeji. Ukuba unxibile ngexesha, gxuma phambili kwinqaku lam ekukhetheni i-akhawunti yekholeji enhle yentsapho yakho.

09 Ukusebenzisa iNgxowa-mali yakho yomhlalaphantsi ukuhlawula ikholeji

Iphulo lesibini elona lugqirha lokuphambuka kwikholeji abaninzi abazali abakwenzayo, basebenzisa imali yabo yomhlalaphantsi ekhoyo ukuze bahlawule iikholeji. Ngamanye amazwi, abazali abaninzi bathatha ukunikezelwa okanye ukubolekwa kwemali kwi-401k yabo okanye esinye isicwangciso somhlala phantsi, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuphepha ukuthatha imali mboleko. Ukongeza ukuhlambalaza ukwenzakala, abazali abaninzi nabo bahluleka ukuqhubeka begcina kwi-401ks okanye i-IRA ngexesha lekholeji.

Yintoni eyenza le mpazamo inkulu kangaka kukuba abazali abaninzi benza njalo kwindawo ephakathi kweminyaka engama-40 no-60. Oku kushiya ixesha elifutshane elibuhlungu ukwenza iimali ezidlulileyo ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kumama noyise. Kubazali abaninzi, abaqapheli kude kube sekwephuzile kakhulu, ukuba ukuboleka umhlalaphantsi wabo kuwuhlehlisela iminyaka emi-5 ukuya ku-10!

Ukuba uzifumanisa kwifowuni ngesigqibo sokuhlasela isicwangciso sakho sokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, khumbula nje le ngqungquthela yobulumko: Uza kuba nexesha elilula ukufumana mboleko yomfundi ngaphezu kwemboleko yomhlala-phantsi!

10 Inkqubo yokuCwangcisa iKholeji ekugqithisileyo: Ukuhlaziya

Kude, inkulu ekolishi yokucwangcisa isono ongayenzayo, kukugweba. Ukususela ngomhla wokuzalwa komntwana, uneminyaka engama-18 kude kube yilapho kuya kufuneka ukuba ufike ngemali enkulu. Unyaka ngamnye ulindele ukujongana nelo qiniso liphakamisa iindleko zakho zepokoth.

Isinyathelo esibalulekileyo kunazo zonke, omnye kufuneka uqale namhlanje, ubale ukuba yiziphi iindleko zakho ezizayo. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukubala ukuba yiyiphi into oyifunayo ukugcina unyaka ngamnye ukufikelela kuloo njongo.

Ngoku ungangifumani. Kungenxa yokuba iikholeji yokugcina iikholeji ikuxelela ukuba kufuneka ugcine i-$ 250 ngenyanga ayithethi ukuba uyenze loo nto okanye akukho nto. Kodwa, ngokwazi inombolo, uhlala wazi ukuba yonke idola iyichithwa njani. Nangona unako ukukwazi ukugcina i-$ 100 ngenyanga, ukwazi inombolo yakho ekujoliswe kuyo kukunceda ukuba uzilumko ngemali eyongezelelweyo xa ufumana.

Ukutyelela i-calculator yokutyala kwikholeji yesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo kwaye ufumane ukuba yeyiphi inombolo ejoliswe kuyo.