Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kobuthathaka, amandla kunye nobunzima?
Ukugqithisa ngumlinganiselo wendlela amandla enesitya angayifumana ngayo ngaphambi kokuba i-rupturing okanye i-fracturing. Kwakhona kuhambelana nokukwazi kwensimbi ukugoba ngaphandle kokuphula.
Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kobuthathaka, ubunzima kunye namandla?
Ubunzima, ubunzima, namandla anamandla afana neempawu ezifanayo. Enyanisweni, ngelixa zombini ukulinganisa amandla okutshiza ukuma phantsi koxinzelelo, bahluke kakhulu.
- Ukulinganisa isilinganisi sokunqongophala kwesinyithi ukugcina ingqibelelo ngexesha loxinzelelo, ludonwe okanye lukhubazeke. Isinyithi esinokubethwa ngaphandle kokuphuka sinamandla kunesinyithi esiya kuphula ngaphandle kokugoba.
- Ubunzima ngumlinganiselo wenkxaso yesinyithi yokumelana nokutshatyalaliswa kwaye ngokufanelekileyo ugweme ukuhlutha. I-diamond, umzekelo, inzima kakhulu. Kunzima ukukhangela ubuso bedayimane. Kodwa idayimane ayinzima kakhulu, njengoko inokutshabalaliswa lula ngempumelelo.
- Amandla ngumlinganiselo wenani elifunekayo ukugoba isinyithi. Ezinye izinyithi zikhawuleza kwaye zinobalulekileyo kwizinto zokugqoka kunye nokusetyenziswa okufanayo. Abanye banamandla kakhulu kwaye ngoko ke baxabisa ukuba basebenzise kwizakhiwo ezinkulu.
Kunokwenzeka ukuba isinyithi sibe nzima, kunzima, kwaye sinamandla - okanye nayiphina impawu yeempawu ezintathu. Xa ukhetha isinyithi ngendlela ethile, i-metallurgists ikhangelelanisa ukudibanisa okufanelekileyo, ubunzima kunye namandla.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, izitye zenziwe kunye nezinye izinyithi ukuba zongeze, umzekelo, ubunzima kwisinyithi esinamandla okanye amandla kwisinyithi esinzima.
Uvavanyo Lwenziwe Njani?
Nangona kungengowona uphando lwe-toughness, ubunzima bezinto eziqhelekileyo zixhomekeka ngolu vavanyo oluchaphazelekayo olubizwa ngokuba yi-Charpy V-notch test (CVN).
Kuvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-CVN, ibha yesikwere ye-10 mm x 10 mm inomncinci omncinci "V" owenziwe ngobuso omnye.
I hammer eguqulwa kwi-pendulum enkulu iya kubetha kwicala elichasene nesotshi. Ukuba isinyithi asiyi kuphuka, izinga lamandla linyuka de kube yenziwe isinyithi. Emva kokuba umshini ochaphazelekayo weCharpy uphule ibha, inani lamandla afunekayo ukuze kubangele ukuphuka kubhalwe, ukunika umlinganiselo wokuqina kwinqama-inyawo.