Iingenelo, iiNhlanganisela, imiThuba
Abahwebi abacinga ukuba inkampani iya kwenza kakuhle kwikamva elizayo, ngelixa abo bakholwayo baya kwenza kakubi ixabiso eliphantsi. Abathengi bazama ukufumana ubuninzi besabelo ngasinye, benethemba lokwenza okungaphezulu kunokuba bahlawule.
Abathengi bazama ukufumana intengo ephantsi ukuze bakwazi ukuyithengisa ngenzuzo kamva.
Umyinge otyalo-mali abanako ukurhweba kwiimarike zamasitye ngqo. Kunoko, kufuneka baqeshe umthengisi-mthengisi ukuba enze amashishini. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokukhetha:
- Abacebisi bezezimali kuphela abahlawulisa imali yonyaka (ngokuqhelekileyo i-1% yeefa).
- Abathengisi be-intanethi bafana ne-E-Trade, abahlawulisa intlawulo encinci ngemali yokuthengiselana.
- Iibhanki ezinkulu, njengeGoldman Sach okanye abacebisi be-Well Fargo, banikeza ucwangciso lwezezimali ngaphezu kokuqhuba amashishini.
- Abadayisi abancinci benza nje ii-oda. Ngaphezulu, khangela i-Stock Market Components.
Inzuzo
Iinkampani zithengisa amasheya kuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokufumana isamba esikhulu semali. Nangona kunjalo, inkampani ngokwayo kufuneka ivelise ininzi yengeniso ukwenzela ukuba izuze. Ukukhutshwa koMnikelo woLuntu oPhambili (IPO) kubiza kakhulu. Emva koko, akukho bucala, njengoko abatyala-mali bahlaziya inzuzo yenkampani kunye nesicwangciso ngasinye kwikota.
Ezinye iindlela zokufumana inkxaso-mali ziyimfihlo, ngeemali-mboleko zabanye okanye abatyali-bucala, okanye ngeebhondi, ezibolekwa ngemali. Inzuzo yamasheya kunye nokubophelela kukuba isitokethi ayifuni intlawulo yenyanga yenzalo.
Abantu basebenzise imarike yemasheya ngenxa yokuba i-returns, ngokwesilinganiso, ikhupha loo minye yemali-mali, njengezibophelelo okanye iimpahla.
Utyalo-mali lwentengiso ye-Stock yindlela ecacileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba utyalo-mali lwenza ngcono ngaphezu kokunyuka kwamaxabiso.
Izixhobo
Imarike yesitokisi yase-US isebenza ngokubanzi kwiintlobo ezibini ezinkulu: i- NASDAQ kunye neNew York Stock Exchange . Ukutshintshiselwa okwesithathu, indawo ye- BATS Global Marketplace , eyakhelwe ukudala iteknoloji ephumelelayo eyayiza kuphepha ukuphazamiseka kwe-flash efana ne-NASDAQ ngo-Agasti 2013.
Kukho ezininzi iintetho ezincinane zokukhonza iintlobo ezithile zabathengisi. Ngokomzekelo, "Amachibi Amnyama" anjengeLiquidnet, afikelela kumaxabiso aphezulu, abathengisi abaqhelekileyo abanjengovimba beentambo. Amachibi amnyama afihla izicwangciso zabaxhasi babo kumncintiswano. Abagcini nje kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukungaziwa kwabo kodwa banokufanisa iinqununu ezinkulu zokuphepha ukusola. (Umthombo: "Ziziphi iimakethi zeMatriki esebenzayo," iForbes.com.)
Indice
Imarike yemasheya ilandelwa yi- Dow Jones Industrial Industrial , i- S & P 500 kunye ne-NASDAQ. Ilizwe ngalinye linokutshintshiselana kunye neendleko. Ba landele ukufumana indlela abatyala-mali abacinga ngayo uqoqosho.
Imizila
Ukuba abatyali-zimali bakholelwa ukuba uqoqosho lukhula, ke baya kutyalo-mali kwiimpahla. Kungenxa yokuba uqoqosho oluqinileyo lunceda iinkampani ziphucule umvuzo wazo. Oku kwaziwa njengemarike yenkomo . Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kunye nesigaba sokwandiswa komjikelo .
Uninzi lwezinto eziphathekayo lenza kakuhle. Kungenxa yokuba ukwandiswa kwamashishini kuya kufuna ioli, ubhedu, kunye nezinye izinto zemvelo. Imarike yenkomo yakutshanje yenzeke ukususela ngoMatshi 2009 ukuya kuAgasti 2013.
Ukuba abatyali-mali bacinga ukuba uqoqosho luye lucotha okanye lube lukhuni, luya kutyalomali kwiibhonkco , ezithatha utyalo-mali olukhuselekileyo. Kungenxa yokuba izibophezelo zinikeza ukubuyiswa okukodwa kwimpilo yomboleko. Iibhondi zenza kakuhle ngexesha lesigaba sokuqhawulwa komjikelo. Xa amabhondi enza kakuhle, amasheya alahlekelwa xabiso. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yimakethe yeebhere , kwaye ihlala iinyanga ezili-18. Imarike yokugcina yeebhere yavela ngoDisemba 2007 ukuya kuMatshi 2009. Ngezinye iinkcukacha, jonga iDow Closing History .
Ukuba kukho ukwesatshiswa koqoqosho lwehlabathi, abatyali-mali nabo baya kwigolide kunye nezinye iindawo ezikhuselekileyo. Oku kudla ngokukwenzeka kunye nokulungiswa kwemakethe ye-stock market , xa ixabiso lesabelo liyehla iipesenti ezili-10 okanye ngaphezulu.
Kuyabonakala nakakhulu kwi- market crash crash xa izitokisi zingahle zilahlekelwe ngaloo mini. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ezi zinto ziqhelekileyo, kungekho imigaqo eqinile kwaye ekhawulezayo.