I-IPOs Inokulimaza Kanjani (okanye Incedo) Wena
Inzuzo
I-IPO yinkxalabo enomdla kwenkampani. Kuthetha ukuba uye waphumelela ngokwaneleyo ukuba afune imali eninzi ukuze iqhubeke ikhula. Ngokuqhelekileyo yindlela ephela yenkampani yokufumana imali eyaneleyo yokuxhasa ukwandiswa okukhulu.
Kubanikazi, ekugqibeleni ixesha lokungena kuyo yonke imisebenzi yabo nzima. Ngokuqhelekileyo bazinikezela ipesenteji ezibalulekileyo zezabelo zokuqala zesitokisi . Bema ukwenza izigidi ngosuku umbutho ohamba esidlangalaleni.
Kubatyalomali, kubizwa ukungena "kumgangatho ophantsi." Kungenxa yokuba i-IPO ikwabelana ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwintengo xa iqala ukufumaneka kwiimarike zamasheya .
I-IPO ibuye ivumele inkampani ukuba ithande it talent ephezulu kuba inokunikela ngokukhetha izinto. Iyakwazi ukuhlawula abaphathi bayo ngokulinganayo umvuzo ongezantsi ngenxa yezithembiso zayo ezenzayo ziyakwazi ukuphuma emva kwe-IPO.
Iingxaki
Inkqubo ye-IPO idinga umsebenzi omningi. Inokuphazamisa iinkokheli zeenkampani kwi shishini labo. Oku kungonakalisa inzuzo. Kwakhona kufuneka baqeshe ibhanki yotyalo - mali , njengeGoldman Sachs okanye uMorgan Stanley . Ezi fenisi zotyalo-mali zijongene nokukhokela inkampani njengoko ihamba ngeengxaki zenkqubo ye-IPO.
Akumangalisi ukuba ezi festile zihlawulisa imali ephezulu.
Okwesibini, abanikazi boshishino abanako ukukwazi ukuthatha izabelo ezininzi. Kwezinye iimeko, abatyali-zimali bokuqala bafuna ukuba bawubuyisele yonke imali kwinkampani. Nangona bathabatha izabelo zabo, abanako ukuzithengisa ngeminyaka.
Kungenxa yokuba bangalimaza intengo yempahla xa beqala ukuthengisa iiibhloko ezinkulu kwaye abatyali-mali bayakubona njengento yokungabi nethemba kwishishini.
Okwesithathu, abanini-shishini banokulahlekelwa ukulawulwa kobunikazi boshishino kuba iBhodi yabaLawuli inamandla okuwashisa.
Okwesine, inkampani kawonkewonke ijongene nokuhlolisiswa ngokubanzi phakathi kwabalawuli kuquka i- Securities and Exchange Exchange kunye nokuthobela uMthetho we-Sarbanes-Oxley . Uninzi lweenkcukacha malunga neshishini lenkampani kunye nabanini balo banokubanika uluntu kwaye lunokunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kumncintiswano.
Ziziphi i-IPOs ezibhekiselele kwi-Economy
Inombolo ye-IPOs ikhishwa ngokuqhelekileyo ibonakaliso lwempilo yemarike (kunye nezoqoqosho) kwimpilo. Ngexesha loqoqosho , i-IPO ihla ngenxa yokuba ayikufanelekanga ukulahlekelwa xa ixabiso lesabelo lixinezelekile. Xa i-IPO ikhula, ngokuqhelekileyo ithetha ukuba uqoqosho lubuyela kwakhona ezinyaweni zalo kwakhona.
IPO Process
Isinyathelo sokuqala kukuhlanganisa iqela le-IPO. Oku kubandakanya ibhanki yotyalo-mali, amagqwetha, abagcini-zimali, iingcali zentsebenziswano-mali, ubudlelwane bobudlelwane boluntu, kunye neengcali ze-SEC.
Umsebenzi wokuqala weqela kukuhlanganisa ulwazi olufunekayo lwezemali. Oku kuquka ukuchonga, ukuthengisa okanye ukubhala, ixabiso elingenakunceda.
Iqela kufuneka lifumane indawo apho ukuphuma kwemali kungenziwa khona. Ezinye iinkampani zijonga kwakhona ulawulo olutsha kunye nebhodi entsha yabalawuli ukuba baqhube inkampani entsha kawonkewonke.
Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe i-IPO, inkampani ibeka ndawonye i-prospectus kwaye iyajikeleza ukuze iphendule. I-prospectus ibandakanya imbali yeminyaka emithathu yeengxelo zemali. Emva koko, inkampani ibhala iikontraki zokutshintshwa kwabathengisi kwaye kufuneka zizalise iingxelo zemali zokungeniswa kwabaphicothi-zincwadi.
Kwiinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kwe-IPO, ibhodi idibana kwaye ihlolisise uphicotho. Inkampani ijoyina i- stock exchange exchange lists i-IPO yayo.
Ngenyanga yokugqibela, inkampani ifayile i-prospectus yayo kunye ne-SEC kwaye ichaza ukukhutshwa kwe-press ukuvakalisa ukufumaneka kwamashishini kuluntu.