ZeNgxowa-mali
Iimali ze-Stock zijolise kwiinkampani ezithengiswa esidlangalaleni kwelinye lezentengiso zemashishini . Ezinye iimali zetyala zityalomali ngokutsho kobukhulu benkampani. Ezi zincinci , ziphakathi , okanye i -cap-cap funds.
Abanye batyala imali efana nenkampani. Iimali zokukhula zijolise kwiifemu ezintsha ezanda ngokukhawuleza. Iigxininiso zeemali ezijoliswe kwiinkampani abanye abaye bazinaka. Ngokufanayo, iimali eziphezulu ze-tech nazo zinokuba namaqela amaninzi okukhula. Izimali ze-Blue chip nazo zinamashishini amaninzi. Unokufuna i-fund ejolise kwiinkampani ezikhupha izabelo. Zininzi zale zixhobo ze-blue okanye zenkampani ezixabisekileyo.
Iimali ezininzi zijolise kwiindawo zendawo. Iimali zasekhaya zithenga kuphela iinkampani ezisekelwe e-US. Iimali zamazwe ngamazwe ziyakwazi ukukhetha amazwe angcono kakhulu nakwezinye iindawo emhlabeni. Iimali zeemarike ezikhulayo zijolise kwiinkampani ezilungileyo eRashiya, eChina , nakwamanye amazwe kwi- MSCI eziPhakamileyo zeMakethe .
Iimarike ze-Frontier zijolise kwiintlanga ezincinane njengeArgentina, iMorocco, neVietnam
Kufuneka utyalomali kwiingxowa-mali ngokubambisana nezitokhwe ukuba awufuni ukuphanda iingxelo zezimali zenkampani nganye. Iimali zakwa-Mutual zibonelela ngeendlela ezikhoyo. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, imali ehlanganyelanayo ayingozi kakhulu kunamashishini.
Ukuba enye inkampani iya kuphazamiseka, ngoko awuyi kulahlekelwa yonke imali yakho. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, iimali ezixhasayo zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ze- stock investment ngaphandle kwezinye izingozi.
Iimali zeBond
Iimali zeBond zityalomali kwii-securities ezibuyisela imali engenayo . Zaziwayo emva kweengxaki zemali zika - 2008 . Abatyalomali abatshiswe ngethuba lokunyuka kweemarike zango - 2008 bahamba ngokukhuselekileyo. Batsalwa kwiibhonkce nangona amazinga angeniso-phantsi.
Ikhuselekileyo yimali yemarike yemali . Bathenga izatifikethi zokufaka idiphozithi , iindleko zexeshana ze-Nondyebo, kunye nezinye iimpahla zemarike zemali . Ekubeni bekhuselekile kakhulu, banikela ngokubuyisela okuphantsi. Unokufumana umvuzo ophezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kwengozi enkulu kunye noxanduva lwexesha elide likarhulumente kunye neebhanki zikamasipala .
Imbuyekezo ephakamileyo kunye nemingcipheko ephezulu ivela kwiimali zebhanki zenkampani . Iingxowa-mali ezinobungozi kakhulu zibandakanya izibophelelo ezivunyiweyo . Njengoko i- Fed iphakamisa inzala , inokubangela ukungafezeki.
Ezinye iimali zihlula phakathi kwexesha elifutshane, eliphakathi nexesha elide. Iifutshane zexesha elifutshane zikhuselekileyo kodwa zibuyiswe ngaphantsi. Iimbopheleleko zexesha elide ziphezulu ngenxa yokuba uzibambe ixesha elide kodwa unikezele ngokubuya okuphezulu.
Iingxowa-mali ezininzi ezinxulumene nazo zibophelelanayo. Ukuba umphathi omnye uqala ukuthengisa loo mboleko, abanye baya kwenza okufanayo.
Kodwa bekungekho abathengi abaninzi kwezo zibophelelo. Ukuthengwa kwexabiso eliphantsi kuya kunyanzelisa amaxabiso angaphantsi. Iibhondi ziza kuba phantsi kwentliziyo efanayo njengemigodi kunye nezinto eziphathekayo. Kungabangela ukuthengiswa kwezinto ezinokutshabalalisa imali ezininzi. Imizekelo yaloo mzekelo yenzeke ngexesha lobudlelwane " ukukhwabanisa kwe-flash " ngo-Oktobha 2014.
Ukuphathwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Versus Exchange Trade Funds
Zonke iimali eziphathekayo zilawulwa ngentshiseko okanye zithengiswa ngemali . Iimali ezilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo ziphethe umphathi oya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi ikhuseleko lokuthenga nokuthengisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo baneenjongo ezikhokela isinqumo sotyalo-mali somphathi. Umphathi ufuna ukukhupha isalathisi sazo ngezobambiso zorhwebo. Ngenxa yoko, iifizi zabo ziphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka kudlule i-index kunye nemali ephezulu.
Ukutshintshiselana ngemali yokuthengiswa kwemali isalathisi. Ekubeni abadinga ukuthengiswa okukhulu, iindleko zabo ziphantsi.
Ngenxa yoko, le mali iye yaziwa kakhulu ukususela kwiingxaki zemali ka-2008.
Okuhle nokubi
Iimali zengxowa-mali zinomngcipheko omncinci kunokuba zithengwe ngabathengi ngabanye ngenxa yokuba batyalo-mali . Oko kuthetha ukuba awuxhomekeke kumntu ngamnye, okanye umkhonkco, kunye nenkampani yayo. Ukuba enye yeenkampani iya kuphazamiseka, unempahla eminingi yokukhusela utyalo-mali.
Iimali ezilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo zikunika iingenelo zokubamba iifowuni zobugcisa kunye nokuphathwa kweepotfoliyo. Awunayo ukuphanda amawaka ezinkampani. Abaphathi beengcali kwintsimi nganye. Kuya kuba nzima ukuba ube yingcali kuyo yonke indawo ongathanda ukuyisebenzisa ngayo.
Kodwa kusathatha ixesha elininzi ukuphanda iimali zentsebenziswano. Ukwenza kube nzima, abaphathi bezimali batshintsha. Xa oko kwenzeka, kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwesikhwama sakho nokuba ngaba icandelo lenza kakuhle. Kubalulekile kuba abaphathi baqhubeka beguqula izitokisi zabo. Nangona ukhangele i-prospectus, kungabonakali ubunikazi bamasheya. Awazi into oyithengayo ngokukodwa, ngoko uxhomekeke kubuchule bomphathi.
I- prospectus iya ku lumkisa ukuba ukusebenza kwangaphambili akuyikho isiqinisekiso sokubuya kwexesha elizayo. Kodwa ukusebenza okudlulileyo konke okufuneka uqhubeke. Kukho ithuba elihle lokuba ingxowa-mali eyenziwe ngokugqithiseleyo imarike kwixesha elidlulileyo kwixesha elizayo. Oku kunjalo ngokwenene ukuba umphathi utshintsha.
Eyona nto ibangelwayo kukuba iimbambano zentlawulo zihlawulwa iimali zonyaka. Okuqinisekisa ukuba baya kubiza ngaphezu kweempahla eziphantsi. Ezi ntlawulo zihlala zifihliwe kwiindawo ezininzi kwi-prospectus.
Ukukhetha iimali eziphathekayo , kufuneka uqonde iinjongo zakho zokutyalomali. Ngaba uyasindisa ngenxa yomhlalaphantsi okanye ubeke eceleni imali eyongezelelweyo kwimini yemvula? Iimali ze-Stock ziza kuba zilungele ukutyalomali kwexesha elide, ngelixa imali yeemakethi yemali iyona nto ingcono yokulondoloza ixesha elifutshane. Sebenza kunye nomcwangcisi wezemali oqinisekisiweyo . Uya kukunceda ukuba ufumane isabelo sakho sexabiso elifanelekileyo kunye nesicwangciso sotyalo-mali.
Companies Mutual Fund
Iimali zengxowa-mali zilawulwa ngamakhulu eenkampani, ezinamakhulu emali nganye. Uninzi iinkampani zijolise kwizicwangciso ezithile zokuphuma kwisihlwele. Nazi iinkampani eziphezulu ezili-10 eziphambili zeengxowa-mali ngokubanzi, ngendlela yazo:
- I-Vanguard - Imali ephantsi yokulawula.
- Ukunyaniseka - Iinkonzo zezimali ezipheleleyo.
- Amanqaku aseMerika - amacebo otyalo-mali okugcinwa kwe-Conservative okwexesha elide lotyalo-mali.
- I-Barclays - Iingcali ezijoliswe kuzo, ngabanye, abatyali-mali.
- UFranklin Templeton - amabhondi, iimarike ezikhulayo kunye nenkampani yexabiso.
- Imali yePIMCO - Bond.
- Ixabiso leT. Rowe - Akukho mali yomthwalo.
- I-Street Street - Iinjongo zengcali, kungekhona ngabanye, abatyalo-mali.
- I-Oppenheimer - Imali elawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.
- I-Dodge & Cox - ixesha elide lotyalo-mali.
Indlela i-Mutual Funds ifuthe ngayo uqoqosho
Iimali zentengiso ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwimarike yemali yase - US . Intlawulo efanelekileyo yentlalo ibonisa indlela i-shishini okanye elinye iqela elenzayo. Imilinganiselo ye-Mutual fund iyatshintsha imihla ngemihla. Oko kubonisa ukubaluleka kweempahla kwiipotifoliyo zezimali. Uqoqosho luhamba ngokukhawuleza kangangokuthi ukuhlukahlukana okukhulu kwi-fund akuthethi ukuba loo nto ikhathaza kakhulu. Kodwa ukuba ixabiso lokuxhaswa kweengxowa-mali liyancipha ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngoko kubhetele olungileyo ukuba i-industry ithobela iyakhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ngokomzekelo, i-fund efanayo ejoliswe kwii-stocks zobuchwepheshe ziyakwenza kakuhle kwaze kwaba nguKwindla ka-2000, xa ibhola le-tech liqhuma. Njengoko abatyali-mali beqaphela ukuba iinkampani eziphezulu zezobuchwepheshe azizange zibuyiselwe inzuzo, zaqala ukuthengisa ii-stocks. Ngenxa yoko, imali edibeneyo yehla. Njengoko i-fund kunye nentengo yamasheya yawa, iinkampani eziphezulu zezobugcisa azikwazanga ukuhlala zifunyenwe. Abaninzi baphuma kwishishini. Ngale ndlela, imali yemali kunye nemali yase-United States ihlobene.