Umlambo ofihliweyo weMali egcina umhlaba wakho
Amashishini adinga imali emfutshane yexesha elifutshane kuba iintlawulo zeempahla kunye neenkonzo zithengiswa zingathatha inyanga.
Ngaphandle kwezixhobo zemarike zeemali, kufuneka ukuba zilinde ukuhlawulwa iintlawulo kwiimpahla esele zithengisiwe. Oku kuya kulibazisa ukuthengwa kwempahla eluhlaza, ukunciphisa ukuveliswa komveliso ogqityiweyo. Ibhizinisi kufuneka lihlawule iindleko ezinqamlekileyo, ezifana nerenti, iinkonzo kunye nomvuzo, ukuqhubeka usebenza. Ngoko ke, iya kufaka imali eyongezelelweyo kwisixhobo semarike yemali, ukwazi ukuba inokuyenza xa ifuna.
Ngenxa yeso sizathu, iimashishini zemarike kufuneka zikhuseleke kakhulu. Ibhizinisi alikwazanga ukufaka imali eyongezelelweyo kwimarike yemasheya, kwaye ixabiso lamathemba alizange liwile xa lifuna imali ukuhlawula iibhili. Kumele ukuba kube lula ukuhoxisa kweso saziso, kwaye ungenayo imali enkulu yokuthenga. Ngaphandle koko, ishishini liza kugcina imali eyongezelelweyo kwindawo ephephile. Kukho iibhiliyoni ezingama-883 zeemalike zeemarike ezikhutshwe kwihlabathi lonke, ngokubhekiselele kwiBhanki yeeNdawo zokuHlaliswa kwaMazwe ngamazwe .
Iintlobo
Iphepha lezorhwebo: Iinkampani ezinkulu ezinokwenziwa ngetyala zingakhange zikhuphe amanqaku amaphepha athengisiweyo angaphantsi kwexesha lokunyusa imali.
Iphepha lezorhwebo elixhaswe nge-asethi livela kwisiseko sephepha lokuthengisa. Le yinto ethandwa kakhulu kwimarike yemarike, kunye ne-$ 521 yezigidigidi ezikhutshwa kwihlabathi jikelele, ngokwe-BIS.
Iimali zeSigungu : iiBhanki yilezo kuphela amabhizinisi asebenzisa i-federal funds. Le mali isetyenziselwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze- Federal Reserve nganye ebusuku.
Kuyi-10 pesenti yazo zonke izibophelelo zeebhanki ngaphezulu kwe-58.8 yezigidi. Ibhanki engenayo imali eyaneleyo ukuhlangabezana nemfuno iya kuboleka kwezinye iibhanki. Ireyiti yemali yesigqeba , ngoko ke, iibhanki zemali zihlawulana ziboleke imali. Isantya semali esondlo samanje siya kutyundela zonke iirhafu zentsholongwane.
IWindows Window : Ukuba ibhanki ayikwazi ukuboleka imali eyondla kwelinye ibhankini, inokuya kwiwindow yeSaphulelo seFs. I-Fed ityala ngokuzithandela izinga lokunciphisa elincinci ngaphezu kwezinga lemali elondliwe. Ikhetha ibhanki ukuboleka komnye nomnye. Uninzi lweebhanki lugweme iwindow yokuphuhlisa, kodwa kukho apho imeko yongxamiseko.
Izatifikethi zeDisposithi : Ibhanki inokuphakamisa imali emfutshane yesikhashana ngokukhupha izatifikethi zediphozi kwinyanga enye ukuya ezintandathu. Ihlawulela umrhumo ophezulu onomyinge ongenako imali.
I-Eurodollars : Amabhanki anokukhupha ii-CD kwiibhanki zamanye amazwe, ezenziwa nge- euro esikhundleni seedola zase-US .
Izivumelwano zokuhlawulela : Iibhanki ziphakamisa iimali zexesha elifutshane ngokuthengisa amasheya kodwa zithembisa ngexesha elifanayo ukuzihlawulela ngexesha elincinci (ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngosuku olulandelayo), ngenomdla omncinci. Nangona kuthengiswa, kubhalwa njengemali-mboleko emfutshane.
Umthengi wezokhuseleko (ngubani ngokwenene umbolekisi) wenza i-repo repo.
Iimithetho-mali zeNondyebo : Urhulumente wephondo uvuselela imali ngemisebenzi ngokukhupha iibhilile kule mizuzu elandelayo: iiveki ezi-4, iiveki ezi-13, iiveki ezingama-26 kunye nomnyaka owodwa.
Amanqaku kaMasipala : Izixeko kwaye zibeka iindleko zexesha elifutshane ukuphakamisa imali. Iintlawulo zenzalo kulezi zikhutshwa kwiintlawulo zentlawulo.
Ukwamkelwa kweBhanki: Oku kusebenza njengemali mboleko yebhanki kworhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ibhanki iqinisekisa ukuba omnye wabathengi bayo uya kuhlawula iimpahla ezithe zafunyanwa, ngokuqhelekileyo iintsuku ezingama-30 ukuya kwi-60 kamva. Ngokomzekelo, umthengisi ufuna ukuthengisa iimpahla, kodwa umthengisi akayi kumnika ityala. Uya ebhange lakhe, oqinisekisa ukuhlawula. Ibhanki iyamkela uxanduva lokuhlawula. Ukufumana okungaphezulu, khangela Ukuwamkelwa kweBhanki.
Izabelo kwiiMali zeMarike zeMali: Iimali zeemarike zemali kunye namanye amaziko amashishini amatyalomali atshanje kwiibhanki kunye nekarhulumente kunye nezixhobo zokuthengisa iimarike kunye nokuthengisa amashishini kubatyalomali babo.
Iikhontrakthi ze-Futures : Ezi zivumelwano zibophezela abathengisi ukuba bathenge okanye bathengise ukhuseleko lwemakethe yemali kwixabiso elivunyelwene ngalo ngomhla othile. Izixhobo ezine ezisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa: iiveki ezi-13 zeeNondyebo, iiyure zeenyanga zeenyanga zeeyure, iinyanga zenyanga ze-euro zifaka idilesi, kunye nomyinge weentsuku ezi-30 zemali ekhuthazwayo.
Izinketho zexesha elizayo : Abahwebi banokuthenga kuphela ukhetho, ngaphandle kokubophezeleka, ukuthenga okanye ukuthengisa imvumelwano yemarike ye-futureres kwixabiso elivunyelwene ngalo okanye phambi komhla obekiwe. Zikhona iindlela zokukhetha ezi zixhobo ezintathu: iinyanga ezi-ezintathu zeenyanga ezizayo zebondye, i-euro yeenyanga ezizayo, kunye neenyanga ezizayo zeenyanga.
I-Swaps : Ibhanki isebenza njengabadlali beenkampani ezifuna ukuzikhusela kwiinguqu zenzalo.
Umgca woLondolozo lweNgxowa-mali: Ibhanki iya kuqinisekisa ukuhlawula ipesenti ezingama-50 ukuya kuma-100 ekhulwini kwesoxhobo semarike yemali ukuba umniki-mpahla akenzi.
Ukuphucula iNgxowa-mali: Ibhanki inika incwadi yekhredithi ukuba iya kuhlawulela ityhile yemali yemarike ukuba umniki-mpahla akenzi.
Zininzi zezixhobo zeemarike zemali ziyinxalenye yemali yaseMelika. Oku kubandakanya imali, khangela idipozithi, kunye nemali yemarike yemali , ii-CD kunye ne-akhawunti yokulondoloza. Ubungakanani bemali ekhoyo buchaphazela amazinga omdla, ngoko ke ukukhula koqoqosho.
Indima yeeMali zeMarike kwiMali yeNgxaki
Ekubeni iimpahla zemarike zemali ngokubanzi zikhuselekile, kwandimangalisa into yokuba babekho entliziyweni yenkxalabo yemali ka-2008. Enyanisweni, iFed kwafuneka idale iinkqubo ezininzi ezintsha kunye neenkqubo ezintsha zokugcina iimarike zemali ziqhuba.
Ziye zadalwa ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke amagama achazwe ngokukodwa oko akwenzileyo kwimigangatho yobugcisa eyayiba nengqiqo kubanki, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu. I-acronyms ibangele isobho se-alphabet yeeprogram, ezifana ne-MMIF, TAF, CPPF, ABCP, kunye ne-MMF yobungozi. Nangona ezi zixhobo zisebenza kakuhle, zadideka uluntu jikelele, ukudala ukungathembi malunga neenjongo zeFed kunye nezenzo. Ngoku ukuba ingxaki yemali iphelile, ezi zixhobo ziyekile. Cofa kwi-hyperlink ukuze ufunde kabanzi malunga ngamnye.
- Imali yeeNkxaso-mali zeMali-mali
- Ixesha lokuThengwa kweeNkcitho
- Isibonelelo soNcedo lwePhepha
- I-TALF - Ixesha lokuThengwa kweeNkontileka zeNkcitho
- Iphepha lezorhwebo elixhaswe nge-Asset Imarike yeMarike ye-Mutual Fund
- I-Primary Dealer Credit Facility