Ukuchithwa akuyiziindaba ezilungileyo kwiimpahla okanye kwiibhonki
Kule nqaku, siza kuqala sifumane umxholo wokubhankqalaza kwaye kutheni iinkampani zikhetha le ndlela (ukuba zikhetha).
Emva koko, siza kujonga ngokuthe ngqo kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili ze-bankruptcy, kunye namalungelo okanye ukhetho lwabatyalomali abanayo xa iifayile zifakela phantsi.
IiNkcazelo ezibalulekileyo zeBhanki
- I-Bankruptcy yindlela yokulungiswa okanye ukucinywa phantsi kolawulo lomthetho wesigqeba.
- Imithetho yebhanki ifihla zombini iinkampani kunye nabantu ngabanye, nangona kukho ukungafani okukhulu.
- Kukho ezimbini iindidi eziphambili ze-bankruptcy yenkampani: Isahluko 11 kunye neSahluko 7.
- Kwimizi mibini, iinkampani zisekuhlaleni kwemali kwaye asinakuqhubeka nokusebenza njengeshishini elisebenzayo.
Iingxowa-mali
Ngokucacileyo, banetyala elingaphezulu kunokuba bafanelekile. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iinkampani azikwazi ukuhlawula iindleko zemihla ngemihla ezifana nokubhalwa kwee-payroll, izibonelelo, ukubonelela njalo njalo.
Ezinye iinkampani zivunyelwe ukuba zivakalise uhlobo lwebhanki ngaphambi kokuba zihlwempu.
Iinkampani zinokukhetha le nyathelo okanye inokunyanzelwa kuyo ngumthengi ofuna inkokhelo leyo inkampani ayinakuyenza.
Imithetho ye-Bankruptcy inikezela ngendlela ehlelekile ukuba inkampani izame ukubuyela ezinyaweni zayo (Isahluko 11). Xa oko kungenakwenzeka okanye kungaphumeleli, izakhiwo zeCandelo 7 ze-bankruptcy i-liquidation ehlawula abathengi kwi-distribution ebonakalayo.
Abanikazi bamasheya banamalungu enkampani kwaye ba gqibela kumgca wokufumana nayiphi na imali evela kwimali.
Ukongezelela, abanini bebhondi banokufumana kuphela iipenki kwiidola.
Iifomu eziphambili zeBhanki yeCandelo: Isahluko 11 kunye neSahluko 7
Yiyiphi ifom ye-bankruptcy inkampani ekhethayo inokumisela isithuba sabanini-zimpahla kunye nabanini-bhondi. Ekugqibeleni, ukuphela kweprogram yokubhankanya, kungakhathaliseki ukuba iSahluko 11 okanye iSahluko 7, asinakwenza nayiphi na into eyahlukileyo kubatyalomali.
Makhe sijonge ngokufutshane kwiintlobo zombini zokucoca.
ISahluko 11 IiNqobo
- ISahluko 11 sokutshatyalaliswa kweyona nkqonkqubo yokuqala kwiinkampani ezininzi.
- Ngaphantsi kweSahluko 11, inkampani inokuphuhlisa iplani yokulungiswa kwakhona kwaye iqhubeke isebenza.
- Iimali ezikhoyo kunye neenkontileka, kubandakanywa izivumelwano kunye nemanyano, ziphinde zixoxwe.
- Inkampani, phantsi kolawulo lwe-trustee egqitywe yinkantolo ye-bankruptcy, isebenza isicwangciso sokulungisa izibophelelo zayo.
- Ngethuba ekutshatyalaliseni, inkampani ikhuselwe ngababolekisi ngenkundla, ekuthintela ababolekisi ukuba bangaphazamise imisebenzi yenkampani.
- Nangona kunjalo, ababoleki kunye nabanini-zimpahla kufuneka bavume isicwangciso sokulungiswa kwakhona. Ijaji le-bankruptcy linamagunya okwamkela isicwangciso nokuba ngababoleki kunye nabanini-zimpahla bayayinqabela.
- Xa ukulungiswa kwakhona kuphelile, inkampani inokuphuma phantsi kokukhuselwa kwenkundla yebhanki kwaye iphinde iqalise imisebenzi eqhelekileyo.
- Isahluko se-11 sithatha ukuba kukho inokwenzeka ukuba inkampani inokuvela kwinkqubo njengenkampani esebenzayo.
Isahluko esibalulekileyo 7
Iinkampani ezingaphumeleli kwiSahluko 11 sokuhlelwa kwakhona okanye akukho nethemba lokuphinda liqalise njengeshishini elisebenzayo linokufaka ifayile yeSahluko 7.
ISahluko 7 ukulungiswa kwakhona kuhlawulelwa ngokupheleleyo kwezinto zonke zeenkampani.
Imali isetyenziselwa ukuhlawula abathengi ngecandelo elithile:
- Ababolekisiweyo abathengiweyo : Laba babolekisi ababolekwa ngemali ethile, njengemhlaba, iifemu, umatshini njalonjalo. Amabhanki okanye abanye ababolekisi abaxhasa iimpahla ezibonakalayo benza leli qela.
- Abathengi abangabakhuseli: Laba babolekisi ababolekisile inkampani ngaphandle kokubambisa. Amabhanki anikezela ngemigca yemboleko okanye iimali-mboleko zexesha elifutshane ziwela kweli qela kunye nabaxhasi.
- Abanikazi bamasheya: Laba banini beenkampani. Baza kufumana isabelo esahlukileyo semali eseleyo emva kokuba ababolekisi bahlawulwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba umnini-zimpahla akafumani nto kuba ixabiso lixabiso elincinane kunamatyala.
Inkundla yebhanki iya kubona ukuba ixabiso lidayiswa ngexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu kwaye lihambisa imveliso ngokubhekiselele kwishedyuli ngasentla.
Ukuba unesitokisi kwiinkampani eziya kwiSahluko 7 sokutshatyalaliswa, iziganeko ziphezulu kakhulu (malunga neepesenti eziyi-100) ukuba isitokisi sakho asiyi kuba nantoni.
Yintoni ongayenza Ukuba unayo iMpahla okanye iibhonki kwiNkampani eLawula iifayile?
Xa inkampani efayili yeSawulo 11 yokukhusela i- bankruptcy , abagcini bempahla kunye nabanini-bhondi bayaziswa ngenkampani. Isahluko 11 sokuchithwa kwemali sivumela inkampani ukuba iqhubeke isebenza, kodwa ababolekisi kunye nabanini-nxaxheba kufuneka bavume isicwangciso sokulungiswa kwakhona. Esi sicwangciso siya kubiza ukuhlaziywa kwakhona kwezivumelwano kunye nabathengi, imibutho yabanini nababani bemboleko. Ukuba ababoleki kunye nabanini-mali abanamkeli abayivumelanga icebo, ijaji elijongene ne-bankrupt iyakulungisa icebo ukuba libonakala libonelela isisombululo esifanelekileyo sematyala.
Isicwangciso samkelwe
Emva kokuba isicwangciso sivunyiwe, inkampani imisa igalelo kubagcini bempahla kunye nama-premium kubanikazi abanamakhoboka. Isitokhwe kwinkampani efaka iSahluko 11 singaqhubeka nokurhweba, nangona kunjalo kwii-stock ngeke zihlangabezane neemfuno ezingaphantsi zokufakwa kwintengiso. Enye indlela ababolekisi bahlawulwa ngayo ngokukhupha iklasi elitsha yesitokithi njengentlawulo yetyala. Kuzo zonke iinjongo eziphathekayo, isitokisi osibambe siza kuba singenanto okanye siseduze nayo. Ukuba oku kwenzeka, unako ukulungelelanisa iindleko zokulahleka kwakho (ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhlawulela ukuya kuma-3,000 kwiingeniso ezinkulu).
Hlola kunye noMcebisi weRhafu
Kufuneka ujonge umcebisi weerhafu ofanelekileyo malunga nokuba imeko yakho iya kukuvumela. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, isitokisi sokuqala singagcina ixabiso xa kungekho sitshixo esitsha sikhutshwe kwaye inkampani iphuma kwiSahluko 11 ngesimo sezimali esilungileyo. Ukuba iifayile zeenkcukacha Isahluko 7 sichithwa, ungakhokelela ukuba ulahlekelwe yimali yakho yonke imali esitokisini.
Bond Owners
Njengoko kuphawuliwe kwiCandelo 2 lale ngqungquthela, abaxhasi besikhokelo banesibini kumgca wemali ekuhlelweni kwakhona (Isahluko 11) okanye ukucinywa (iSahluko 7). Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezintle, abanini-bhondi banokufumana i-pennies kwi-dollar kwiSahluko 11 kwaye banokufumana enye yemali evela kwiSahluko 7. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ababophezeli baya kubona inqununu yabo yokuqala yabuya. Ngaba ufanele uthenge isitokisi seenkampani kwi-bankruptcy? Oku kungabonakala ngathi ngumbuzo ongaqhelekanga, kodwa abanye abatyali-mali bajonga iikhampani kwiSahluko 11 esinethuba elihle lokusuka kwi-bankruptcy.
Ukuba inkampani ivela kwiSahluko 11 kunye nesitokisi sayo sokuqala esilungileyo, kusenokuba ityala lokubaluleka lokuqwalasela. Kufuneka wenze isigqibo sokuba inkampani inethuba elihle lokuqhubeka njengento ebalulekileyo. Ukuthengwa kwempahla kwinkampani ekutyaleni ngokuqhelekileyo kuthetha ukuba ufumana isitishi kwixabiso eliphantsi kwamatye. Ukuba inkampani inokuguquka ngokuphumelelayo, unokuba uhleli kwi-stock ephantsi kakhulu enokuthi ibhalise ukunyuka okumangalisayo.
Inkampani inokuthi iTanki
Kakade, inkampani inokugqibelela itanki emva kweSahluko 11. Ukuthenga isitishi kwinkampani ephazamisayo okanye oza kufaka i-bankruptcy yiphakamiso eliyingozi. Unokulahlekelwa nguwo wonke utsalo-mali. Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba inkampani iya kuvela "inqabileyo kwaye inamandla" kwaye ibe nesimo sokwenza uzuko olumangalisayo, kuyacaca ukuba uhlolisise olo tyalo-mali. Nangona kunjalo, lotyalo mali kufuneka ube nemali onokukwazi ukuyilahleka. Kwiimeko ezininzi, inkampani kwiSahluko 11 sokutshatyalaliswa inalo ithuba elihle lokungena kwiSahluko 7 xa izinto zingasebenzi.