Funda Iimali zeeNkcazo zithini malunga nokutshala imali

I-Dow iphakanyisiwe (okanye iphantsi) ukwenzela ukuba imarike ihle kakhulu (okanye iyethusa). Ukuba ufunda okanye uphulaphule imidiya eyaziwayo, unokufumana ingcamango yokuba i- Dow Jones Industrial Average , ngokuqhelekileyo nje ngeDow, yintsikelelo yemarike. Ezinye izikhombo ezifana ne-S & P 500 okanye i-Nasdaq Composite idlalwa kwakhona, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiitoni ezixubileyo okanye ezinomdla ngokuxhomekeke kumanani. Nangona kunjalo, zithini na ezi zikhombo zitshilo kwaye sifanele sizisebenzise njani?

Inani leenombolo

Okokuqala, makhe sibone ukuba yeyiphi inombolo yesalathisi emele. Nangona kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubala iinombolo zeenkcukacha, kubalulekile ukukhumbula iinombolo zimela utshintsho kwixabiso langaphambili okanye elisezantsi.

Inani alibalulekanga. Yintoni ebalulekileyo ipesenti iyatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Le ntshukumo phezulu okanye phantsi ikwazisa ingcamango yendlela inkcazo eyenziwa ngayo. Ngaba iDow up okanye phantsi? Isalathisi sibalwa "kwi-fly" ngexesha lokurhweba ukunika abatyali-mali ithuba lokuqondisa kwiimarike.

Isaziso, ndathi isalathisi sibonisa "imarike emele," kungekhona "imarike." Uninzi lweempahla zeempahla , kunye nalabo abecatshulwe njengokuba bamele imarike yonke, kubonisa kuphela inxalenye yohhwebo. Nazi izikhombo ezithandwa kakhulu kunye neemarike ezibonisa.

IDow

Umyinge weDow Jones weShishini yeyona ndlela indala kunazo zonke. Kwakhona isicatshulwa esicatshulwa kakhulu, kwaye ngokungafanelekileyo, kuthathwa njenge-barometer yemarike.

Ekuqaleni, yayingumyinge olula weesitokisi kwisalathisi, kodwa ngenxa yesikhewu esahlukanayo, i-spin-offs, kunye nezinye izinto ezithengiswayo, ukufundwa kweyona nto kufunekayo ngoku. Unokufumana ulwazi olungakumbi kwi-Dow Jones Indexes site. I-Dow okwamanje ineempahla ezingama-30 kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, ngasinye sesitokethi sichaza enye yeenkampani ezinamandla kakhulu e-US

I-Dow yinkcazo ephezulu kuphela enokulinganiswa kwemali, oku kuthetha ukuba intengo ye-stock ishintshwa ngu-$ 1, inempembelelo efanayo kwisahlu kungakhathaliseki ukuba iinguqu zenguqu zitshintsho kwisitokisi. Ngamanye amazwi, utshintsho lwe-$ 1 lwe-stock $ 30 lunempembelelo efanayo neenguquko ze-$ 1 ze-stock $ 60.

Ukubala kweDow kuqikelela ukuba isitokisi esininzi sihlula kwiminyaka. Ngokulungiswa kwemathematika, kunokwenzeka ukuba ugcine uluhlu olunefuthe olumlando. Izitokhwe zeDow zimele malunga nekota enye yexabiso lentengo-ntengiso, ngoko ngaloo ndlela, yinto ebalulekileyo kunye neenguqu ezinkulu zibonisa ukuzithemba kwabathengi kwizitokisini, nangona kunjalo, ayimelanga inkampani ezincinci okanye eziqhelekileyo.

S & P 500

I-S & P 500 yinkcazo esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngabaqeqeshi bezezimali njengommeli "weemarike." Iquka ama-500 eempahla ezixhomekeke kakhulu kunye nokuxhomekeka kwiinkampani ezinkulu.

Ihlanganisa malunga ne-70% yexabiso lemarike, ngoko ke kulawo magama, sisondele ngakumbi ukumela imarike yinyani kuneDow. I-S & P 500 yi- capital capital okanye iqhosha leemarike ezilinganisiweyo, njengoko ziphantse zonke iinqununu ezinkulu.

Ukunyamezwa kweefowuni zeemarike kubonisa ukubaluleka kweenkampani ezinkulu, ngoko utshintsho kwiSitokethi seMicrosoft luya kuba nempembelelo enkulu kunokuba nayiphi na enye isitokhwe kwikhompyutheni.

Nangona i-S & P 500 ixhomekeke kwiinkampani ezinkulu, yikhoji echanekileyo yemarike ebanzi ngaphezu kweDow.

Nangona ezinye zeentloko zokuthetha kwiTV zingagxininisa iDow, uza kufumana umfanekiso ocacileyo weemarike ngokugxininisa ingqalelo kwi-S & P 500.

I-Nasdaq Stock Market Composite

I-Nasdaq Stock Market Composite iqulethe zonke izitokhwe kwimarike yase Nasdaq - engaphezu kwama-5,000. Nangona kubanzi ngokubanzi, i-Nasdaq ixineke kakhulu kwiitoknoloji. Oku kungenxa yesikhombiso semarike esinexabiso kunye neemasheya ezinjengeMicrosoft nezinye zeenkampani ezinkulu zeteknoloji zithonya inkcazo.

Impembelelo yabo kunye nabemi beenkampani ezincinci, ezizicingayo kwi-Nasdaq zenza ukuba inkcazo ibe yintsholongwane kunokuba i-Dow okanye i-S & P 500. Ngokucacileyo i-Nasdaq ayilungiselelwe ukuba imele "imarike," nangona ikunika ingcamango efanelekileyo apho abatyali bezobuchwephesha baya.

Ezinye iikhompyutheni

Kukho inani lezinye iimbosi ezilinganisa amacandelo amakhulu okanye amancinci emakethi. Abathengi bemali be-Mutual bangayifumana inani leemali ezilandelela phantse nayiphi na inkcazelo abayifunayo.

Nangona kunjalo, iinqununu ezintathu eziphezulu ziza kunceda abaninzi abatyalo-mali. Ukuba ufuna ukujonga ezinye iindleko zokuthelekisa, qiniseka ukuba uyaqonda ukuba uluhlu lugxininise kangakanani (kakhulu, ukuba alukho konke, luya kuba yintengiso yemakethe) kwaye ikhethini ikhethiweyo.

Yintoni elungileyo malunga neengxelo

Iingxelo zibonelela ngolwazi oluncedo kuquka:

Yintoni engalunganga ngeeNkcukacha

Izikhombisi, ngokuyila, zineziphene ezinkulu ezibangela ukuba bakrokre njengommeli wenene nantoni na.

Yintoni esifanele siyenze ngeengxelo?

Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezifunekayo abatyalo-mali ukuba bakhumbule malunga neendleko: