Invest in Russia ngokuqiniseka
Iimasheya eRashiya zithengiswa kwiRussia Trading System (RTS), eyasungulwa ngo-1995 njengeRashiya yokuqala yokuthengisa imasheya. Ukususela ngoko, utshintshiselwano luye lwaba lukhulu ukuze lubandakanye uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezinto eziphathekayo ezivela kwii-equity equity ukuya kwixesha elizayo . Iimakethe ze-stock exchange exchange RTS zivuliwe ukususela ngo-10: 00 ukuya ku-11:50 ixesha laseMoscow (GMT + 3) kunye nokuthengiswa kweempahla zithengiswa kwiRubles eRussia.
Ukuthenga i-Stocks yaseRashiya
Indlela elula yokufumana ukuthengiswa kweemarike zaseRussia ngokuthenga ama- joint funds , kunye ne- ETFs okanye i- American Reposits Receipts (ADRs). Ekubeni ezi zinto zithengiswa kwii-United States, abatyala-mali banokuphephekisa ubunzima kunye neengozi ezinxulumene nokutyalomali ngokukodwa, ezifana nokukhathazeka kweerhafu, umngcipheko wokubeka, kunye neeyure zokuthengisa ezingaqhelekanga.
Ezinye iimali eziqhelekileyo zaseRashiya kunye nee-ADR ziquka:
- I-Russia yeVoya yeNgxowa-mali (i-Mutual Fund: i-LETRX)
- Imveliso yeMakethe yaseRussia ETF Trust (NYSE: RSX)
- I-Gazprom OAO (ADR) (iifomati zePlayishthi: i-OGZPY)
Kwabo bafuna ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo, ii-US brokerages zinika ukufikelela okuthe ngqo kwi-RTS yaseRashiya, kodwa zihlala zihlawulisa iikomishoni eziphezulu kumazwe ngamazwe. Okwangoku, abo bafuna i-brokerage yaseRashiya enkonzo epheleleyo banamathuba amaninzi, kuquka i-broamage enkulu yelizwe, i-FINAM, nangona kukho izibambiso eziphambili zokulawula ukupasa ukuseta i-akhawunti.
Indlela yokuhlalutya i-Stocks yaseRashiya
Abatyalomali abakhetha ukutshala imali kwi-ETFs okanye i-RFs okanye iifom ziza kufuna ukubukeka kwimpilo yezoqoqosho ngaphambi kokuba benze isigqibo sotyalo-mali. Uluhlu olubanzi lweenkcukacha kulo mbandela, kubandakanya ukuhlalutya kwezenzakalo kunye nolwazi lwezoqoqosho, lunokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeBhanki yehlabathi. I-International Monetary Fund (IMF) ikwabonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo lwezoqoqosho.
Izinto zokuziqwalasela zeMacroeconomic zibandakanya:
- Ukulinganiswa kweNkcitho - Ukulinganiswa kweentengo zelizwe lokuthenga ngetyala kubonisa ukuba kukho inkokhelo ekutshatyalaliswa kwetyala elizimeleyo, ezinokuba nefuthe elibi kumabhondi kunye nokulingana.
- IiRhafu zokuKhula - Ukukhula kwezoqoqosho kwelizwe kukubonisa kakuhle indlela abatshali-mali abanokulindela ukujonga ngayo kwiimpahla ezikhoyo kwizoqoqosho.
Abatyalomali abakhetha ukutyala ngokuthe ngqo kwiRTS yaseRashiya banokuhlalutya amasheya asebenzisa inguqulelo yesiNgesi yewebhusayithi ye-RTS. Ukusuka apho, abatyali-mali banokufumana ikhonkco kwiwebhusayithi yenkampani kawonkewonke apho iingxelo zonyaka kunye nezinye izibhengezo ezibalulekileyo zinokufumaneka. Ezi ngxelo ziyanceda xa kuhlolwa iimpahla okanye izibophelelo ezithile kunokuba uqoqosho olubanzi.
Iinkalo ezithile zeenkampani kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ziquka:
- Ixabiso - Inkcazo yeenkampani okanye yeengxowa-mali ihambelana njani namashishini asekhaya okanye ezinye iindlela zokunyuka kweemveliso zorhwebo?
- Ukusebenza kwezeMali - Ngaba inzuzo yenkampani okanye yeengxowa-mali ikhule ngexesha? Ngaba iinkampani zinikeza isabelo?
Abatyalomali kufuneka baqwalasele imimandla emibini kunye nezoqoqosho ezincinci xa kuhlolwa utyalo-mali, kwakunye nendlela utyalo-mali olufaniswa ngayo namanye amatyala kwiipotfoliyo zabo. Ngokomzekelo, uqoqosho lwaseRashiya lungaba ne-0.2% ngo-2015, kodwa imarike yokulingana yelizwe ingazixabisa ukuba ezi lahleko zibhetele kunokuba zikulindeleke.
Izingozi ezinxulumene neentengo zaseRashiya
IRashiya sele iyimakethi ekhulayo ekhulayo ukususela ngo-2014 ukungenelela kwezempi kummandla waseCrimea, eUkraine, ngelixa ukuxhomekeka kwayo kwi-oil oil engafumanekanga kwenzelwe ukuhlaselwa. Ukongezelela, abatyali-mali abaninzi basalindele ukulungiswa koqoqosho oluphambili ukuba kwenzeke kwaye benze i-marhwebo ibe yinto ecacileyo kwaye kulula ukufikelela kubatyalo-mali kwaye akuqinisekanga ukuba ezi zinto ziza kubakho.
Ezinye izinto ezisemngciphekweni zokuqwalasela ziquka:
- Ukunyanzeliswa okuncinci kunye nokungabonakali - Iimakethi ze-stock market zase-United States zibhekwa njengendawo ekhuselekileyo kubatyalo-mali, ngoko ke iimarike zamanye amazwe zivame ukuba zinyanisekile kwaye zingabonakali xa zithelekiswa, kubandakanywa iimarike ze-Russia.
- Ukubonakaliswa kweMakethi aMandla - Njengoko ioli kunye negesi zenza malunga nesiqingatha seRashiya engenayo kwaye ngaphezu kwama-60% ekuthengiseni kwayo, ii-ETF ezininzi zinama-40% eempahla zazo kwicandelo lamandla, eliguqula umngcipheko omkhulu wemveliso.
- Ubunokubakho Ubundlobongela beNtlalo - Nangona urhulumente sele esebenza nzima ukwenza ulungiso lwezentlalo, kusekho iingxaki ezininzi zentlalo ezingabangela imiba.
- Ukususwa kweeMithombo - iRashiya sele ichithe ngokukhawuleza imali yayo yokugcina i-2017, leyo ingayenza ilizwe libe mngcipheko kwiminyaka ezayo.
Abatyalomali kufuneka baqwalasele le mngcipheko kwiimeko zabo zepotfoliyo. Kwiipotifoliyo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kunokuba kunengqiqo ukubandakanya ukufikelela kumaxabiso aseRussia okanye iimbopheko nangona iingozi eziphezulu. Iphothifoliyo eyahlukeneyo inokunyusa ukubuyiswa okutsha kwexesha elide.