Iimpawu Ziyintloko kwi-Market Market Insight
Ukujoliswa kweemali ezinobuncwane phambi kwesihlwele yi-Grail Engcwele kubafaki-zimali abakhutheleyo-nangona akuyona into elula ukujonga iphothifoliyo yakho "yokwenza".
Kuphi Ukuqala?
Abatyalomali abanolwazi bayazi ngaphambili kwinqanaba lomngcipheko ochaphazelekayo kwisitokisi ngasinye kunye nokukhethwa kotyalo-mali. Bayazi nokuba ukukhetha iifowuni ezifanelekileyo kunye neengxowa-mali akulula, kwaye nokuba umphathi wezemali onzima olwabalaseleyo unzima ukufumanisa i-stocks and funds-phambi kokuba umntu athabathe.
Xa ezi zinto zigqityiwe, indawo enkulu yokuqala ngokusebenzisa izalathisi zezoqoqosho nezama-stock market ukubonisa iingqokelela kunye nemali engcono. Uninzi lwezibonakaliso zokubeka uphawu oluphezulu lubekhokhwa, nangona abahlaziyi-uphando abatshangayo banokulindela ukuba lube lumile, kwaye luze lufundwe ngokufunda, ukuze ufumane uncedo oluvela kubungcali bezezimali luncedo olukhulu.
Nangona kunjalo abo banyamezelayo kwaye bahlolisisa iikhompyutheni ezihamba phambili kwixesha eliqhelekileyo, banokukwazi ukuchonga ama-stocks kunye nemali engcono phambi kokuba abanye abatyali-mali bafumane inkcazelo.
Ngenxa yoko, kunengqiqo kubathengi kwiimarike zentengiso ukuba babe nokuqonda ngokucacileyo indlela uqoqosho olusebenza ngayo nendlela uqoqosho lwenziwa ngayo. Nantsi ukuphazamiseka kwezicatshulwa eziphambili kufuneka abatshale imali malunga:
IiNkcukacha zeShishini: Le ngxelo yenyanga ilandelela ukuba iinkampani eziphumeleleyo zithengisa iimpahla kunye neenkonzo zabo, iimpahla zoshishino zijongwa ngokusondeleyo ngabacwangcisi kunye nabatyalomali ngokufanayo.
UMkhiqizo wasekhaya oPhezulu : Umkhiqizo wekhaya wasekhaya (GDP) isalathisi sezoqoqosho oluphambili oluveliswa nguRhulumente wase-US. I-GDP inikezela i-barometer ebanzi yomsebenzi wezoqoqosho wase-US, okwenza ibe ngowona mgangatho wokugqibela wezoqoqosho lwe-US "I-GDP". I-GDP ilandelela ukusebenza kwimihlaba emininzi yezoqoqosho: ukusetyenziswa, utyalo-mali, ukuthengwa koorhulumente kunye nokuthengiswa kwempahla.
Index Index Price (CPI) : Inkcazo yexabiso labathengi (i-CPI) ithathwa yizoqoqosho njengendlela engcono yokulandelela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. I-CPI ibeka amanani entlupheko-luhlu lweempahla kunye neenkonzo ngeentsuku ezingama-30.
I- Index yeNgqesho : I-index index yengqesho, eyenziwa yiSebe le-US labasebenzi, lihamba kunye nenombolo ye-GDP, isalathisi sezoqoqosho. Inika iinkcukacha malunga nomsebenzi, ii-earnings zamahora, kunye ne-US engenamsebenzi. Isingeniso sokungabikho kwemisebenzi sijongwa ngabanonophawu njengesiqalo "sokungena", oku kuthetha ukuba iphakama okanye iyancipha emva kokutshintshwa komsebenzi wezoqoqosho.
UkuThembela kwabaThengi: IBhodi yeNgqungquthela ilandelela inkcazo yokuzithemba yabathengi, ngokusekelwe kwimibandela yenyanga ye-5,000 yaseMelika.
Inkcazo yeeNkcazo zoQoqosho zoQoqosho : Inkcazo yezona zikhokelo zoqoqosho ezikhokelayo zenza umsebenzi wezoqoqosho wexesha elizayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuguqulwa kweenyanga ezintathu ngokuthe ngqo kwinqanaba elifanayo, kusekelwe kwi-LEI idatha, kubonisa indlela ethile kwizoqoqosho zase-US. Ngokomzekelo, idatha engadluliyo kwiinyanga ezintathu ezilandelelanayo kunokuthetha ukuthengiswa kwemali e-US.
Izikhombisi zeeShishini zeShishini
Ngokubanzi, isibonakaliso semarike yesitokethi sinomlinganiselo othile wezoqoqosho okanye weemarike ezingasetyenziselwa ukuqonda imakethe yemasheya kunye nemigangatho yezoqoqosho.
Musa ukwenza iphutha, zombini umnotho waseMelika kunye nemarike yemasheya ziguqukile kwaye zihlala zitshintsha. Ukusebenzisa izalathisi zezoqoqosho kunye neentengiso ukuthabatha i-snapshot ngexesha lokuba izinto zimi-kunye nalapho zihamba khona-zinokuba luncedo olunzulu ekunikeni abatyali-mali umlenze kwiindawo ezinobuncwane kunye nemali.
Izikhombisi zeevenkile ezigqithisileyo zorhwebo zilandelela ukusebenza kwesahlulo okanye umyinge weemarike zeso selweyo, icandelo okanye yonke imarike, ngokubanzi. Abatyalomali abafuna ukunyusa kwi-theirfides yabo banokubaluleka kwezi zixhobo zeemarike ukulinganisa ixabiso lexabiso lemakethe emakethi kunye neenqobo, ukuthabatha intengiso yeemarike kunye nempahla kunye nemali.
Nazi iindawo eziqhelekileyo zeStock Market Indicators
I-Dow Jones Ishicilelo seZoshishino : I-DJIA iyona ndlela eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo ukujonga ukutshatyalaliswa kwemakethe yemasheya yase-US.
Ilandelela iimpahla ezi-30 ezinkulu, kuquka i-Apple, iCoca Cola kunye noMcdonalds.
I-Index ye-S & P 500 : I-Standard & Poor's Index ye-500 (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-S & P 500) i-stocks 500 ezithengiswa ngokubanzi kwi-stock-cap stock market. Ukuthengiswa kweemali ezininzi kunye neengxowa-mali ezihlangeneyo zisekelwe kwi-S & P 500.
URussell 2000: URussell 2000 ulandela ama-2,000 amashishini amancinci athengiswa ngokubanzi, kwaye ithathwa njengenqaku lokutshatyalaliswa kwamasheya ezincinci kunye nemali.
UDow Jones Wilshire 5000: Le ngqakembe yeemakethe yemasheya ikhupha umnatha wayo ngokubanzi, ukubeka esweni ama-5,000 amasheya adweliswe kwiivenkile zentengiso yelizwe, kuquka amashishini amakhulu, aphakathi nawabancinci.
I-Lipper Fund Index: I-Index yeLipper ilandelelanisa iintlobo ezininzi zeengxowa-mali, kuquka ukukhula, ixabiso kunye nemali yecandelo.
I-Barclays Capital Capital Bond Index: Inkcazo ilandelelanisa iimarike zengeniso-mali engabonakaliyo yelizwe, ezibandakanya inkcazo yemarike yeekhonkco ezininzi, ukuvelisa i-snapshot yemarike yonke engeniso.
Abatyalomali abaphanda i-stock, bond bond okanye ukukhethwa kweengxowa-mali kufuneka baqaphele ukuxhomekeka ngokugqithiseleyo ngengqondo engapheliyo engayifumana kwindlela yakhe yolawulo lwexesha elide. Kunoko, gxininisa iimfuno zakho zeepotfoliyo ezizodwa kunye nokulindela ixesha elide, kwaye sebenzisa uphando lwakho lweemarike ukufumanisa iimpahla kunye nemali enesidingo sokuhlala kwamapolitiki.
Yenza oko kwaye uya kuhlala phambi kwesihlwele saseWall Street, kwaye ukwakhiwa okunye kunye nokuzinza kunye nepotfolio yakho, ixesha nangexesha.