Indlela yokuPhakamiswa kwezeMfundo ekuHlaleni iNgeniso yeMhlala-phantsi
Ngezantsi uzakufumana izixhobo ezimba ubunzulu kwiimanani ukuchonga indlela, nini kwaye kutheni izicwangciso ezithile zokuvelisa umsebenzi wokufumana umhlalaphantsi, kunye nendlela efanelekileyo ngayo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izicwangciso.
Le ngqokelela yophando lwezezimali zomhlalaphantsi ithatha iipotifoliyo zotyalo-mali kunye neemveliso zenkxaso-mali, zijonge ngaphakathi nangaphandle, eziphezulu nangaphezulu, kwaye zikhupha ukubonelela ngezibonelelo zamashadi, iirafu kunye neetafile ezikuxelela ngokucacileyo ukuba isicwangciso ngasinye sisenza njani ukuvelisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okuphila ubomi obulungisiweyo.
01 Ulwabiwo-mali olulungileyo lweeRhafu
02 Ukwenza i-Out of Out Variable Strategies for Retirees
Eli phepha le-2015 nguWade Pfau uthelekisa iintlawulo ezili-10 zomhlala-phantsi okanye iindlela zokurhoxisa, ezifana nokuchitha ipesenteji echanekileyo yebhanki eliseleyo ngonyaka, ukuchitha imali eseleyo, okanye ukuchitha inxalenye enkulu xa uneminyaka yobudala njengento omele uyenze ngayo mithetho yo lwabiwo.
03 Ukunciphisa Umngcipheko wezeMhlala-phantsi kunye ne-Equity Equity Glidepath
Lephepha le-2013 nguWade Pfau kunye noMichael Kitces linika indlela entsha yezinto ezinokungahambisani nobulumko obuqhelekileyo. Inkqubo iyaqhubeka phantsi kovavanyo nangona kunjalo.
Bacinga ukuba umhlala-phantsi angenelwa ngokunyuka ngokunyuka kwesabelo sabo semali ngexesha lokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, kodwa baya kwenza oko ngokuchitha imali yabo yokufumana imali yokuqala kunye nokuhlaziywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Ngaphandle kwemijikelezo eyahlukeneyo yemarike, le ndlela yayinokuba nempumelelo yokuphumelela kuneendlela eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa amanani ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi. Kwi-blog ehlaziyiweyo ngo-2015 i-Wade, iphinda iphinda ihlaziye le ngqiqo kunye nokunyuka okanye ukungabi nokunyuka: Ukunikezwa kweSithuba ngexesha loMhlalaphantsi.
04 Ukongeza iNqanaba leNgeniso
Eli phepha lophando lweMasta lenza umsebenzi omangalisayo wokubonisa umahluko phakathi kwendlela yendabuko yokutshala imali, kwaye yintoni efunekayo ukuze kuveliswe imali engenayo yomhlalaphantsi. Njengoko ithetha,
"Umda wendalo osebenzayo obandakanya izitokhwe kunye nezibophelelo ziqwalasela kuphela ukuthengiswa kweengcipheko zokubuyisela kwiifortifoliyo, kungekhona ukukwazi ukwenza iipotifoliyo ukuvelisa amanqanaba okufumana imali enzileyo."
Ingqwalasela ephambili kukuqaphela ukuba abatyali-mali basemhlalaphantsi banakekele ngakumbi ngemali engenayo kuneentlawulo zeepotfoliyo. Kodwa i-MVO (i-intlupheko-intlupheko yomda osebenzayo) iyaqwalasela kuphela i-trade-back return-off in terms of returns; aluqwalasele ukubuyiswa kweengozi-ntlawulo yenkxalabo ephakamileyo yomhlala-phantsi - ukukwazi ukwenza iphothifoliyo yokuvelisa imali engenayo yomhlalaphantsi. "
05 Amacandelo oPhuhliso lwezeMali oPheleleyo
Eli phepha lika-2007 likaWilliam F. Sharpe, uJason S. Scott, kunye noJohn G. Watson bachaza into ebizwa ngokuba yi "lockbox approach". Bachaza ingxaki abazama ukuyixazulula ngale ndlela,
Ingxaki: "Kunyaka ngamnye kwixesha elizayo, kunye nakwiindawo zonke zehlabathi kulo nyaka, umtyalo-mali wethu kufuneka akhethe ngokufanelekileyo indlela yokutya kunye nomgaqo-mali wokuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwaloo mveliso. Ukuba iimarike zigqibile, umhlala-phantsi wethu unokuthenga amabango kwixesha elizayo, kunye nemali kulezi ziqinisekiso zokuhlawula ukusetyenziswa. "
Baqhubeka basebenzisa amaninzi amafomula amabala ekuboniseni ukuba imigaqo yesithupha ifana nolawulo lwe - 4% ayisebenzi ukuxazulula le ngxaki. Xa ubukela lo mgaqo wesithupha uthi,
Isicwangciso esisemgangathweni sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kufuneka sityalwe ngokupheleleyo kwixabiso elingenamngcipheko ukuze kunikezwe imali rhoqo kwilizwe elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-4% i-generic 4% ilawula izibini ezinobungozi, isicwangciso-mali sokuxhamla rhoqo kunye nolawulo olungenamngcipheko. yinto engundoqo phakathi kwezicwangciso zayo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ayifanele. "
06 Iingqinisiso kwiNkqubo yokuNikwa kweNgeniso yeMhlala-phantsi
Le ngcaciso emfutshane eyenziwe ngu-Ernst & Young kunye nenye yeenkomfa ze-Income Income Industry Association. Inika iigrafu eziliqela ezibonisa ukuba kutheni ukulandela into efana nendlela yokuhoxiswa ngokuchanekileyo (okubizwa ngokuba yi-SWP) inokuthi ingasebenzi kunye nokucinga kwakho.
Baphetha ngokuthi izisombululo kunye nezicwangciso zokuthatha umhlalaphantsi akufanele zihlolwe ngokusetyenziswa kwemetrikhi yendabuko (umz. Ukubuyiswa kwemali, ukuhlawulwa kwemali, ukungahambisani nokubuyiswa kwembuyekezo, njl.) Kodwa kufuneka kunokuba kusekelwe kwiziphumo ezinjengokungabikho kwemali, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wobungozi (ingozi. yokuba kufuneka uthathe umvuzo wokuqhawula umhlalaphantsi) kunye nokwandisa ixabiso lokudlulisela indawo yakho yokugqibela.
07 Ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kwangoko
Ukufumana izixhobo ezongezelelweyo khangela esi siza nguJohn Greaney. Unomqoqo obalaseleyo wolwazi kwiwebhusayithi yakhe yeRhafu. Uphinde wahlanganisa ingxelo yekhasi eyi-68 ekwenzeni iholo lemali yomhlala-phantsi kwi-portfoliyo yokutshala imali kunye nokubala "kwinqanaba lokukhutshwa ngokukhuselekileyo". Uhlawulisa i-$ 5.00 yeengxelo. Ndiyithenge kwaye ndiyifunde. Kufundwa njengengqungquthela, ngoko-ke ulungele ukuya esikolweni xa uhleli phantsi ukuyifunda. Ukuba uthanda indlela yokufunda uya kuyonwaba.
08 Umhlala-phantsi weNkampani yoMvuzo
Umbutho wezeMali weRhafu weRhafu (i-RIIA) ngokukodwa ugxile ekuveliseni uphando oluntu kwiinkonzo zentlalo, ngoko uninzi lwabo uphando lufumaneka kuphela kumalungu.
Nangona awukwazi ukufumana uphando lwabo kufuneka uhlolisise iphepha leendlela zabo, endizidibanise ngasentla, njengoko inikeza isishwankathelo esikhulu sekhasi lobunzima bokuzama ukucwangcisa ixesha lokuphila. Ukuba usebenza kwishishini, unokucinga ukuba ube ilungu. Nda.