Imbonakalo kunye neMbali ye-Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Iinshorensi yeNtlawulo
Xa ubeka imali kwi-bhanki, mhlawumbi ucinga ukuba imali iphephile. Kunzima ukuba umntu aphange, ayiyi kutshabalaliswa ukuba indlu yakho iyatshisa, kwaye iibhanki zinemiqathango yokukhusela kunye nezicwangciso zokugcina izinto ezingenakwenzeka ukuba umntu azilungiselele.
Nangona kunjalo, iibhanki zimisela imali yokufumana ingeniso , ichaza indlela ibhanki yakho ihlawula ngayo inzala kwi-akhawunti yokulondoloza, izatifikethi ze-deposit (iiCD) kunye neminye imikhiqizo. Lezo zimali zibandakanya imali mboleko kwabanye abathengi kunye nezinye, ezinzima kakhulu, utyalo-mali.
Amabhanki ngokutsha atyale ngokusesikweni, kodwa nayiphi na imali inokutshala imali. Ukuba utyalo-mali lwebhanki lulahlekelwa lukhulu, isiko singenako ukuwanelisa iimfuno zabathengi abafuna ukusebenzisa imali yabo egcinwe ebhankini. Xa oko kwenzeka, ibhanki ihluleka .
Indlela i-FDIC inceda ngayo: i- inshurensi ye-FDIC ikuvumela ukuba ufumane imali yakho emva kokusilela kwebhanki. Ukuba ibhanki eqinisekisiwe iyahluleka okanye iphelelwa yimali, i-FDIC iya kungena kwaye ihlawule nayiphi na imali efunekayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali yakho ibhankini eliqinisekisiwe kwaye idiphozithi zakho zingaphantsi kwemida ye-FDIC. I-FDIC ibandakanya i-$ 250,000 kwi-akhawunti nganye kwiziko le-akhawunti. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela i-akhawunti yakho ebizwa ngayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nama-250,000 kwiziko elilodwa.
Amanye ama-akhawunti kunye kunye nama-akhawunti angaphantsi komhlala-phantsi anokubangela ukuba kubekho ukukhawuleza.
Injongo ye-inshurensi ye-FDIC kukukhuthaza ukuthembela kwinkqubo yebhanki. Xa idiphozithi zakho ziqinisekisiwe nge-FDIC, urhulumente wase-US umi emva kwesithembiso sokukuphelisa.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu, jonga indlela i-FDIC Intshumo esebenza ngayo .
Kubalulekile ukuba uyayiqonda into (kwaye ayikho) ihlanganiswe yi-inshurensi ye-FDIC. Qaphela ukuba i-inshurensi ye-FDIC isebenza kuphela kwiibhanki zebhanki, kodwa iimanyano zeentengo zemboleko zinendlela efanayo yokukhusela uhulumeni : inshorensi ye-NCUSIF .
I-inshurensi ye-FDIC ikhusela "iimveliso zentlawulo" kuphela, kuquka:
- Ukuhlola nokugcina i-akhawunti
- Ixesha lokufaka imali, njengeCDs
- Iintlawulo ezisemthethweni ezikhishwe ngamabhanki ahlanganisiweyo (i-checker's checks, imiyalelo yemali, umzekelo)
- Iimarike zemarike zemali
I-inshurensi ye-FDIC ayifuni:
- Izikhuseleko ezifana nezitokhwe kunye nezibophelelo
- Iimali zentengiso, kuquka imali yemali yemarike
- Imveliso ye-inshorensi yobomi, kuquka i-annuities
- Okubhalwe kwiibhokisi zepositi ezikhuselekileyo
Uluhlu olungentla aluphelelanga-jonga kunye ne-FDIC ukuqonda ukuba yintoni (kwaye ayikho) ihlanganiswe.
Indlela i-FDIC yeeNkxaso-mali zeDistim
Xa ibhanki ihluleka kwaye i-FDIC ihlawula abanikazi beakhawunti kwibhanki, ivela phi imali?
I-FDIC isebenza ngxowa-mali yomshuwalense, yindawo ephakamileyo yemali engasetyenziselwa ukuhlawula ilahleko zebhanki. Yonke loo mali ivela kwiibhanki zomshuwalense kunye neengeniso ezifunyanwa yingxowa-mali. Iidola ezihlawuliswayo azingena kwi-fund, nangona i-FDIC ingahle ibuyele kumxhasi wenkxaso-ntlawulo kwimeko enzima kakhulu.
Ukubonelela ngenkxaso-mali, iibhanki ze-FDIC-mali zihlawula "iiprayim" kwi-fund.
Iibhanki ezininzi zihlawula iiprimiyamu, iindleko zehlulo zebhanki zabiwe kwaye zazisasazwa ngexesha elide. Leyo meko inokudala ingozi yokuziphatha (ibhanki elingayo ukuba ithathe ingozi, ukwazi ukuba ezinye iibhanki ziza kucoca i-mess), iibhanki ezilawulwayo kufuneka zihlangabezane neendlela ezithile zokuba i-FDIC-insured.
Nangona imali ye-inshurensi ixhaswa ngemali-mali, i-inshurensi ye-FDIC ibhekwa ngokuba "uqinisekiswe ngu rhu lumente." Ukucinga ukuba i-Treasury yase-US iya kungena ukuba i-inshurensi ye-FDIC ifuna ukuphelelwa yimali.
Ezinye izinto
Ukongeza kwi-deposit yasebhanki, i-FDIC ijongisa imisebenzi kwiibhanki ezininzi (kodwa kungekhona zonke) kunye namaziko athile. Ukuqwalaselwa kwenzelwe ukukhuthaza indawo efanelekileyo yebhanki apho ukungaphumeleli kwebhanki kungenakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke.
Ukungaphumeleli kweBhanki: Xa amabhanki ehluleka, i-FDIC iya kubandakanyeka.
I-arhente idibanisa ukucocwa ngokufumana enye ibhanki ukuba ithathe iiphofu kunye neengxowa-mali ezingekho phantsi kweziko. Kubaxhamli abaninzi, ukungaphumeleli kwebhanki akungabonakali-kakhulu ngenxa ye-FDIC. Abathengi banokuthi babale imali yabo belapho, kwaye bahlala beqhuba iisesheke kunye namakhadi okuhlawula.
Ukukhuselwa kwabaThengi: I-FDIC iyakhathalela nokukhuselwa kwabathengi, ngoko igosa lihlola iibhanki ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilandele imithetho yomsebenzisi. Ngokubanzi, i-FDIC ifuna abathengi bazive bathemba ngeenkqubo zebhanki. Ukufezekisa oku, i-FDIC inikezela ngemfundo yabathengi, iphendula izikhalazo, kwaye ihlola ibhanki ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilandela imithetho yomthetho.
Imbali emfutshane ye-FDIC
I-FDIC idalwe ngenxa yezigidi zeebhanki ezingaphumeleli kwi-1920s no-1930. Kwizo ziganeko, abathengi bebhanki balahlekelwa yimali yemali. Ukuba awuzange ufumane imali yakho ngaphambi kokuba ibhanki ihambe phantsi, wawungekho inhlanhla. Ukususela ngamaxesha, amazwe ngamnye azama ukuqinisekisa idizithi, kodwa akukho nanye yale nkqubo iphila.
Phakathi kwenkxalabo kunye nokwesaba ngokungaqhubeki kweebhanki, uMthetho weBhanki ka-1933 wadala i-FDIC njengemilinganiselo yesikhashana yokubuyisela umyalelo. UMthetho usayinwe ngumthetho nguMongameli Franklin D. Roosevelt. Ukuhluleka kweBhanki kunye nokusebenza kweebhanki ngokukhawuleza kwehlile, kubonisa ukuba inshurensi ye-FDIC incede ekuqinisekiseni ukuzithemba kwenkqubo yebhanki. I-FDIC ekuqaleni yayixhaswa ngemali yi-Treasury yase-US nge-$ 289 yezigidi, kwaye leyo mali ibuyiselwe kwi-Nondyebo ngo-1948.
UMthetho weBhanki ka-1935 wenza i-FDIC ibe yinkampani engunaphakade kwaye ilungise indlela umbutho usebenza ngayo. Ngokomzekelo, imali ye-inshurensi ivela kwiibhanki endaweni ye-Treasury yase-US. Ukususela ngelo xesha, i-FDIC ithi "akukho ntlawulo ye-deposit ilahlekelwe enye yemali ye-insured ngenxa yesiphumo."