Gwema ukwenza iinguqu ezinkulu kwiSicwangciso sakho sokuLondoloza umhlalaphantsi
Ukuba ukwangoku ugcina umhlala-phantsi kwi-401k usuvele uthathe isinyathelo ngendlela efanelekileyo. Kodwa awukwazi ukuvumela ukuba uqaphele kwaye ungakhathazeki. Nangona uhlala uphumule xa ucinga ukuba ungomnye wabanenhlanhla abakwaziyo ukugcina umhlalaphantsi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kungenako okwaneleyo. Ukuba awukhathali ingqalelo ungenza ezinye iimpazamo ezinkulu kwisicwangciso sakho esingama-401k onokungazi.
Nazi ezisixhenxe zezona mpazamo ezinkulu ezenziwa ngabatyalo-mali 401k (kunye nendlela onokuyithatha ngayo):
Ukulondoloza ngaphandle kokwazi ukuba kuya kufuneka ukuba uthathe umhlalaphantsi ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kuyimfuneko kangakanani imali oya kuyidinga ukuhlala ngokukhululekile. Sekunjalo, abaninzi abasindisa umhlalaphantsi benza impazamo yokungabi neenjongo ezithile zokugcina umhlala-phantsi endaweni abaya kuzama ukuphumelela ngayo. Ukungabi nolwazi malunga nokuba kufuneka ubeke eceleni ukwenzela njani ukufumana inkululeko yemali kuya kuba nemiphumo embi.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ukuqhuba i-calculator yokuthatha umhlalaphantsi ebalulekileyo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka kuya kuphucula amathuba akho okuphumelela. Ukuqalisa ukuqikelelwa kwamabhola ambalwa kukunceda nangona unamaxesha eminyaka ukuya kutshatyalaliswa ngumhlalaphantsi kwaye umbono wakho wobomi emva komsebenzi uyingcipheko encinane. Ngokukhawuleza uqala ukusebenza umqikeleli womhlala-phantsi ixesha elide oza kuba nalo kwicala lakho ukwenza zonke iinguqulelo ezifunekayo.
Isixazululo: Qala ngokudala inkcazo elula yintoni inkululeko yemali ithetha kuwe. Oku kuya kukunceda uqale ukucinga ngendlela yokuphila oyifunayo ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi - nokuba ukhetha ukuyichaza. Akukho "inombolo yomlingo" esebenza kuwo wonke umntu. Ubulumko obuqhelekileyo bubonisa ukuba umntu osemgangathweni uya kufuneka athathe indawo engama-70 ukuya kwe-90 ekhulwini yeengeniso zangaphambili zomhlala-phantsi ukuze aphile ubomi obukhululekile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza kukuba uqale ukucinga ukuba uza kulufuna kangakanani kusekelwe kwiinjongo zakho zokuphila. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba uluhlu olwamkelekileyo lwemali engenayo, sebenzisa ababalawuli bokuthatha umhlalaphantsi ukuze ubone ukuba uhamba ngendlela efanelekileyo ukuya kumhlalaphantsi okhuselekileyo.
Ngaba Unayo Imali Kangakanani Ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi?
Ukulondoloza kakhulu.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abaqeshi abaninzi baye batshintshela kubhaliso lwabaqeshwa abatsha kwizicwangciso ezingama-401k. Oku kunokunceda ukwandisa izinga lokuthatha inxaxheba komyinge wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, kodwa ukuba inani lokubhalisa ngokuzenzekelayo alanele ukunceda ufinyelele iinjongo zakho uze ufumane inzuzo yokungena. Ngelishwa, abasebenzi abaninzi bayamkela ngokusesikweni ukusetywa kwemali ngokungekho ngexesha leenkqubo zokubhalisa ngokuzenzekelayo. Isilinganiso semali esilondolozwe kwisicwangciso se-401k sijikeleze iipesenti ezi-6.
Ngona xa ungeze igalelo elongezelelweyo elingu-3 yepesenti onokuzifumana emva kwakho kwisicwangciso sakho sokulondoloza. Ngelixa ungasindisi nayiphi na into yokuthatha umhlalaphantsi yinkxalabo enkulu, kungabi ukugcina ngokwaneleyo enye enye impazamo enkulu.
Ngokuchaneke kangakanani na okwaneleyo? Nangona imali oyifunayo ukuyigcina iyahluka ngokusekelwe kwiinjongo zakho, ezininzi iingcali zibonisa ukugcina injongo ekujoliswe kuyo ekujoliswe kuyo kwi-10 ukuya kuma-20 ekhulwini yengeniso yakho. Oku kuya kuphazamisa ukuva ukuba uzama ukufumana iziphumo zokuhlangana kunye nokuhlawula iimbopheleleko zemali zangoku. Ukuba uhlawula ityala eliphakamileyo elinomdla okanye uzama ukuzongela ukongiwa kwexakeka ngokukhawuleza ngoko kunokuba kunengqiqo ukunikela igalelo ngokwaneleyo ukuba udibanise inkampani.
Isixazululo: Impendulo ecacileyo ukuba awukwazi ukulondoloza okwaneleyo kukugcina ngaphezulu. Kodwa oko kunokubonakala kunzima xa sele uzama ukulinganisa izinto eziphambili.
Hlola isicwangciso sakho sokuchitha uze ubone ukuba unokwenza nayiphi na inguqu ekunyuseni izinga lakho lokunikela nge-401k namhlanje. Emva koko, gwema ukuwa maxhoba kwezo njongo ezilungileyo ukugcina enye ingomso ngokuzibophezela ekuzenzekeni ngokunyuka kwexesha elizayo. Iimpawu zerhafu yokuxhaswa kwemilinganiselo kwiingcingo ezingama-401k zikuvumela ukuba uhlawule ngokuzenzekelayo ukugcina kwakho ngexesha elide. Esi sibalo sokutshintsha kwe-automatic calculator will help you see how much these small changes can change your look outlook.
Ukungakwazi ukuhlawulwa nayiphi na imali.
Ukuba ubeka ingqalelo ezintweni ezimbalwa malunga nokutshala imali, ukubeka ingqalelo kwimirhumo kufuneka kube njalo "kwizinto ezixabisekileyo" ze-radar. Nangona i-akhawunti yakho ye-401k ibhalansi ngexesha lokuthatha umhlalaphantsi uza kugqiba imali engakanani ekufumaneni ngayo, imali kunye neendleko kwisicwangciso sakho kuya kusebenza ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa ukukhula kwakho. Hlalani nikhumbule ukuba iindleko ze-401k kunye neendleko ngokubanzi ziwela kwiindidi zintathu: iintlawulo zokulawulwa kwecwangciso, iintlawulo zentlawulo-mali kunye nemirhumo yenkonzo. Icandelo leenkonzo zenkxaso-mali liye laphucula ngakumbi ekudaleni iifizi, kodwa kusenokubonakala kunzima kumtyalo-mali ukuba aqikelele ukuba uhlawula ngokwenene imali kunye neendleko zingaphantsi kwezicwangciso ezingama-401k.
Isixazululo: Hlaziya iiplani zamaphepha ukuze ubone ukuba unako ukucacisa ukuba uhlawula bunjani kwisicwangciso sakho se-401k. Izicwangciso ezinkulu ziba neendleko eziphantsi. Ezinye izixhobo ziquka isixhobo se-Fund Analyzer esinikezwe nge-FINRA. Ukuba unomsebenzi omdala we-401k ukusuka kumqeshi wangaphambili, qi niseka ukuthelekisa iifizi kwisicwangciso sakho sangoku kukukunceda ukuba unqume ukuba i- 401k okanye i-rollover ye-IRA ingqiqo.
Ukuqonda i-401k Isicwangciso seMali kunye neNdleko
Ukubeka kakhulu kwisitokisi senkampani yakho.
Ukutshala imali kwi-stock stock kukubonelela ngokukhula okubonakalayo okuza kubakho ingozi. Enye yezona zinto ezingonakaliyo zokuba nenqwelo yomqeshi kwisicwangciso sakho sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kukuba i-stock holdings enkulu yenkampani inokunyusa ukungaxhamli kwiphothifoliyo yakho yomhlalaphantsi. Izicwangciso ezingama-401k ezimbalwa zisebenzisa isashishini yenkampani yokuxhasana. Kodwa kusekho abaqeshi abaninzi abanika abasebenzi ithuba lokutshala imali kwi-stock corporation kwi-401k.
Isixazululo: Vavanya ukuba umngcipheko oya kubonakala ngawo ukuba isicwangciso sakho sakwa-401k sichaza isitishi senkampani. Zama ukugcina ukukhutshwa kwakho konke kwisitokethi ngasinye kungabi ngaphezu kwama-10 ukuya kwe-15 ekhulwini lakho lephothifoliyo.
Ukungaphumeleli ukutshala imali yakho.
Akukho mfihlo yokuba utyalo-mali lukhuphuke kwaye luwele ixesha. Isiseko esiqhelekileyo emva kwesabelo sokwabiwa kukuba iiklasi ezithile ze-asethi (umz., Izitokisi, iibhondi, i-asethi yangempela, imali) ayisoloko iphakama kwaye iwa kunye. Ngaloo ndlela isicwangciso sakho semidlalo sokuqala sokudibanisa kuzo zonke iiklasi ze-asethi ezahlukeneyo zingaqhubeka emva kwexesha.
Isixazululo: Unokukhetha ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiprogram ye-rebalancing program ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba omnye unikezelwa kwisicwangciso sakho se-401k. Ngenye indlela, ukutshala imali kumhla wokujoliswa kwemali yomhlala-phantsi okanye i-asethi eyabelana ngemali yomncedisi iya kukunceda ukuba uthathe indlela yokubamba izandla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuze uhlalutye ngokutsha utyalo-mali lwakho ngokungqinelanayo.
Ukuyeka iminikelo yakho okanye ngaphantsi komdlalo wenkampani.
Ukuxhaswa kwemali kubonisa imali yamahhala kumqeshi wakho. Ukuba umqeshi wakho ufanisa nayiphina ipesenti yeminikelo yakho engama-401k ngokuqhelekileyo kunengqiqo ukuba ubuncinane uncedise ngokufanelekileyo umdlalo. Imali ekhululekile!
Umlinganiselo wenkxaso ye-401k ngu-18,000 wamawaka ngo-2017 (i-$ 24,000 xa uneminyaka engama-50 okanye ngaphezulu).
Isixazululo: Hlaziya iipakethi zakho zeenzuzo ukuze ubone ukuba umqeshi wakho uza kukulinganisa kangakanani kwi-401k yakho (ukuba kukho). Ukuba awuncinci ukufumana umdlalo kufuneka usebenzise le nzuzo. Ukuba usenokuba negalelo elaneleyo lokufumana igalelo elihambelanayo elipheleleyo, cinga ukwandisa iminikelo yakho ngaphezu komdlalo.
Ungasebenzisi i-Roth inketho ngexesha lokuqala kwesikhundla okanye xa usesikhwameni serhafu esezantsi.
Iminikelo ye-Roth 401k yenziwe ngeedola zerhafu. Ngomrhumo wangaphambi kwentela 401k iintlawulo zerhafu ziya kuqala phambi kokuba zihlawule umvuzo wakho ohlawulwa irhafu ngethuba lonyaka werhafu. Xa uqala ukuthabatha imali ngaphandle kwe-akhawunti yakho engama-401k ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlala phantsi, ukurhoxiswa kuthathwa njengemali engenayo. Ngokwahlukileyo, iRoth 401ks ivumela ukuba imali yakho izuze ukukhulisa irhafu. Oku kunceda abo bangenayo ukunciphisa imali engenayo engenayo namhlanje okanye balindele ukuba babekho okanye bhakhe yerhafu yokufumana imali ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi.
Isixazululo: Thelekisa ukwahlukana phakathi kwempeshi yangaphambili yentela kunye neRoth 401k. Qinisekisa ukuba ngaba kunengqiqo kuwe ukufumana iintlawulo zerhafu ezaziwa ngokusebenzisa ukugcinwa kwentela kwangaphambili namhlanje ngokuchasene nokungaqiniseki kolondolozo lwerhafu kwiRoth 401k.