Imizekelo Yehlabathi Yemizekelo YeeModeli zoLwabiwo lweeAset and Strategies
Abanini-mali abatsha banqwenela ukuthatha indlela yokwabiwa kwempahla ekulawuleni imali yabo, ukwahlula i-capital yabo phakathi kwamasheya , iibhondi , i- real estate , imali, igolide kunye nakwezinye iimeko, amashishini abucala. Abanye abatyali-mali bayithatha ngakumbi kwaye batyalole kumalungelo olungelo lobungakanani, amalungelo omculo kunye nezinye iimpahla zengqondo. Kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, ndabhala uluhlu lwee-asethi zokwabiwa kweefayilifoliyo zeepotfoliyo zabafundi beblogi yam. Ndizihlanganisile apha ukunyusa iincwadi ezibanzi endizenzayo kwisihloko ukukunceda ukuba ufumane konke kwindawo elula yokubhekisele kuyo.
01 Ukufumana isabelo sokunikezelwa kweeAfa esikuSebenzayo
Bonke abatyali-zimali baneemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho mzekelo wesabelo sokwabiwa kwempahla esisebenza kuwo wonke umntu. Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lobomi bakho oza kuzifumana ngalo, nokuba ulwabiwo lweempahla zakho luya kutshintsha, ukusuka ekugxilweni kokukhula xa uselula ukuba ugxininise ingeniso xa ukhulile. Nazi ezinye izinto ocinga ngazo xa kuziwa ekunqumeni ukuba ngubani onokukusebenzela. Olu luhlu lwee-asethi zokwabiwa, iimodeli zee-asethi, kunye nendlela abasebenza ngayo zenzelwe umqalisi omtsha ofuna ukuhamba ngombono. Kufuneka kukunike isiseko esihle ngaphambi kokuba uqale uhlalutye kwiinkalo eziphambili zokuqeqesha. 03 I-Portfolio Asset Allocation Model Portfolio
Kubantu abaninzi abaselula kunye nabaphakathi, injongo yepotfoliyo yakho iya kuba nokukhula. Phantse kuzo zonke iimeko, oku kuya kuba ukwakha iqela elikhululekile leqanda ngexesha lokulungele ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi okanye ukubeka abantwana bakho nabazukulwana babo kwiikholejini. Nasi umzekelo woluphi uhlobo lokukhula kweefomthifoliyo lweempahla ezinokuthi lubukeke ngathi. 04 Ulwabiwo-mali loLondolozo lweMpahla yePortfolio
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokuba unomdla ngakumbi ekukhuseleni oko unako ukubuyisela okuhle kuyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kuba ubeka bucala imali ukuze uhlawule indlu. Ngamanye amaxesha, kungenxa yokuba unelungelo lokuphila lonke ixesha lokuphila kwakho kwaye ufuna ukukwazi ukuhlawula iindleko zakho. Xa injongo kukugcina ingxowa-mali yakho ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye iinkalo, kukho kuphela iiklasi zee-asethi okufanele uziqwalasele kwi-portfolio yakho. 05 Ukulinganiswa kwee-Asset Allocation Model Portfolio
Injongo yemodeli yolwabiwo-mali olulinganisiweyo kukubonelela ngokuxuba ukuxuba kokukhula kwamasitokethi, inzuzo yengeniso kumabhondi, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuqeshiswa kwezindlu eziphantsi kwezindlu. 06 Uhlobo lweeNdawo zeMpahla zePortfolio
I-real estate iphakathi kweendlela ezindala kakhulu, ezisisiseko kunye neendlela ezininzi zokutshala imali. Ukulinganisa ilungelo lokunikezelwa kwefa lempahla kungaba ngumceli mngeni kodwa unokuhlangabezana kunye noncedo oluvela kule nqaku echaza ezinye iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo ongayifumana kwiklasi ye-asethi kwipotfoliyo yakho. 07 Ulwabiwo lweeMpahla zeSizwe
Ingaphezulu kwesahlulo seesitokisi zehlabathi, iibhondi, kunye nexabiso lempahla ekhoyo ngaphandle kwe-United States. Akunakuqonda ukuba ube nemali yakho apha, kwiimpahla ezidityaniswe kwiidola, ukuba unayo iphothifoliyo enokubaluleka okungenani i-$ 100,000 okanye ngaphezulu. Kwezinye iimeko, oku kungenziwa ngokulula ngokutyalomali kwiinkampani ezifana neCoca-Cola, efumana inzuzo enkulu ngaphandle kwelanga. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokufuna ukuthenga amashishini angaphandle okanye ii-ADR ukuze uqokelele izabelo kwiPound sterling, i-Euros, Yen, ne-Swiss Francs, ukubiza ngambalwa. 08 Imveliso ye-Asset Allocation Model Portfolio
Xa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuvelisa intloko yakhe eyingozi, usebenze njengerhafu yecala ngokucima amandla akho okuthenga ngexesha, kukho imodeli yeefowthifoliyo yokunikezelwa kwempahla ongayisebenzisa ukulondoloza ukutshabalalisa ubutyebi. 09 Ukuchithwa kweeMpahla zePortfolio
Kwiindawo ezichasayo, njengoko idola liba luxabiseke ngakumbi kwaye amaxabiso asethi ahla, abatyali-mali bangaxhelwa. Enye indlela yokukhusela kule nto kukubamba iiklasi ezithile zee-asethi ezingabonelela ngolu hlobo xa amaxesha enzima. Oku kunxaxhisa i-asethi yemodeli yesikhundla kufuneka kukunike iingcamango zokuqala. I-10 esebenzayo ngokubhekiselele kwiSicwangciso seSabelo seAssive Asset
Kukho ulwahlulo olukhulu phakathi kwabatyalo-mali malunga nokuba indlela efanelekileyo yokutyalo-mali kukuphatha kakuhle imali yakho ngokukhetha amashishini athile, okanye ukuba kufuneka uhlale phantsi kwemali yakho ngokuthenga nokugcina impahla kwixesha elide. Ukuphazamiseka kuchaza ukwahlula phakathi kweendlela ezimbini kunye neengcinga eziphezulu. I-Passive Income I-Asset Allocation Model Portfolio
Ukubona indlela i-portfolio eyabelwe ngayo ingeniso yefayili yefayili ingabonakala kwihlabathi lenene, funda eli nqaku, elinika ukuhlukana kweeklasi ezahlukeneyo kunye neepesenti ezinokulungelelana nomntu ofuna ukuhlala kwizahlulo, inzala kunye neendleko yakhe inkunzi. 12 Ulwabiwo lweeAfa kunye nePortfolio yakho
Ulwabiwo lwee-asethi lobuchule luyi-technique ephambili kubaphathi-mali abanzulu abafuna ukufumana iiklasi ze-asset ezingabalulekanga. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwemakethe yempahla, umntu owenza lo myalelo uya kuba nokongeza imali kwimpahla yakhe yokugcinwa kwempahla, ngeli xesha ngexesha lokuphahlazeka kwezindlu, uza kuthululela imali ekufumaneni impahla yengeniso. Ngokwendlela, isabelo sokwabiwa kwempahla sinjengexabiso lokutshala imali, kuphela kwizinga le-macroeconomic. Ulwabiwo lwee-Asset for Abanikazi bamashishini amancinci
Xa uneshishini elincinci, iingxaki ziza kuthi emva kwexesha, ziya kubakho ipesenti enkulu eninzi yexabiso lakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukwabiwa kweempahla kwi-porfolio ye-investment portfolio kufuneka iguqulwe okanye mhlawumbi unokuba nexabiso elininzi lokubambisa kwii-equity. 14 I-Market Capitalization ye-Asset Allocation Model Portfolio
Ubungqina bezemfundo bucacile ukuba amaqela eemali zentengiso ehlukeneyo - ama-caps ezincinane, ii-caps ezincinci, ii-caps eziphakathi, ama-caps amakhulu, kunye ne-mega caps - zenza ngokuhlukileyo ngokugqithiseleyo kwixesha, zineenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zobungozi. Ingaba kukho ibhizinisi elikhulu e-New York City okanye iqumrhu elincinci e-Arkansas, ukuqinisekisa ukuba udibaniso lokuxuba olufanelekileyo lwamashishini ngokunikezelwa kwezinto ezinobulumko kunokukunceda ufezekise iinjongo zakho zemali. 15 I-Portfolio Model Asset Allocation Model
Kukho iindlela ezinhlanu ezinokuthi ufumane ukuboniswa kwinqanaba lexabiso lempahla enqwenelekayo xa ufuna ukufumana izinto ezifana negolide okanye isilivere kwipotfoliyo yakho yokutshala imali. I-Exotic Asset Allocation Model
Kwiqela elithile labatyalomali, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeklasi ze-asethi ezingakwazi ukulinganisa imodeli yesikhundla se-portfolio, kubandakanya izinto ezifana nokulingana kwangasese kunye nexesha elizayo. Ezi zinokuba ngumngcipheko omkhulu kakhulu kodwa zinikeza umvuzo omkhulu wokubuyisela. I-Model Tlocud Asset Allocation Model
Enye yeemodeli ezisekwadala ze-asethi eziye zabhalwa kwimbali yabantu ziseTalmud yamaYuda. Okuthakazelisayo ngokwaneleyo, yinto elula kakhulu, kwaye ngokuthe ngqo, ukuba yayiza kunceda phantse nawuphi na umtyalomali wenza imali encinci kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo kungakhathaliseki ukuba iimeko zentengiso zinikwe ukuba ube nexesha elide elaneleyo. 18 Indlela iPenshini echaphazela ngayo iinqununu zakho zokwabiwa kweeAsset
Ukuba ungomnye wenani elihlala liye linciphisa i-pension, iimfuno zakho zokwabiwa kweempahla ziya kuba zihluke kakhulu kunabangani bakho abangenalo ipesheni kunye namalungu entsapho. Ngokwenene, ipenshini yakho ibonisa uhlobo oluthile lwenkokhelo, okanye u-bond-like, utsalo-mali. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa uthatha isigqibo malunga nokuba ufuna imali eninzi phakathi kwamashishini abucala, amasheya, amabhondi, i-estate, igolide, isilivere kunye nepropathi yengqondo. Ngaphandle koko, unobungozi obuninzi lwemali yakho kwiimpahla eziphantsi ezibuyiselwayo ngenxa yokuzinzi ozifunayo. 19 Ukusebenzisa ii-ETF ukwenza iAset Aslocation easier
Ngokunyuka kokuhlelwa kwemali-ntengiso, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-ETF, akuzange kube lula ukwenza ukudibanisa ulwabiwo lweefa zexabiso, uhlobo lwe-asethi, imali-mali yemali, ukulinganiswa kwemali-mboleko okanye nayiphi na enye imigaqo enokubaluleka kwiimfuno zakho zokutyalomali. 20 Ukubuyisana kwakhona Umxube Wokwabiwa kweeAfa
Esinye isenzo esithandwayo phakathi kwabaphathi bezolimo kunye nabacebisi bezobutyebi kuthiwa ukubalwa kwemali. Injongo yokwabelana ngokulinganayo kukugwema ukuba nemali eninzi kakhulu esebenza kwiklasi enye yeefayili, ezifana nezitoko okanye i-estate. Ngaloo ndlela, xa ukuphahlaka kweemarike kuza, nto enokuyenza, akunakulimaza kakhulu. Nantsi imimiselo yexesha, kwaye, njani, ukuphindaphinda kungenziwa. 21 Ziziphi iiKlasi ze-Asset Ngaba kufuneka uziqwalasele ngePortfolio yakho?
UClaire Fraser / Imagezoo / Getty Umfanekiso Awukwazi ukuqala ukucinga malunga namanqaku olwabiwo lweempahla uze ufumane ukuba yeyiphi iiklasi ze-asethi ezifanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka yakho, ixesha elifanelekileyo, izibonelelo zemali, amava, ubuntu, iminqweno, iinjongo, iinjongo kunye nokunyamezela. Olu phuhliso oluphezulu luza kukunceda ukuba ungene kumanzi okuqonda apho uqala ukukhangela khona xa ulungele ukuthabatha indawo yokufumana ibhalansi yentsapho yakho.
I-Asset Ukubeka Isicwangciso Sokwabiwa Kweefa
Ukubamba iimpahla ezifanayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwipotfoliyo yakho kungakhokelela kwimbuyekezo ephezulu okanye ephantsi ngenxa yemithetho yerhafu enzima. Ngokufunda ukwabiwa ngeempahla kwiingxelo ezihlukeneyo, iindawo zokukhusela zerhafu, izicwangciso zomhlalaphantsi, kunye nezindlela zokugcina, unako ukufaka ingongoma okanye ezimbini kwizinga lakho eliyinkimbinkimbi, okubangela ukuba ubutyebi buninzi buqokelelele ixesha lokutshala imali. Kukho iiklasi ezi-5 ezinkulu zee-asethi ezibonelela isiseko malunga nazo zonke izicwangciso zokwabiwa kwempahla. Ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi iiklasi zee-asethi ezihlanu, kunye nendlela ezizimeleyo ngayo, zinokusinceda ukuphatha iphothifoliyo yakho ngendlela evumela ukuba ulale ebusuku. Kukho iiklasi ezi-5 ezinkulu zee-asethi ezibonelela isiseko malunga nazo zonke izicwangciso zokwabiwa kwempahla. Ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi iiklasi zee-asethi ezihlanu, kunye nendlela ezizimeleyo ngayo, zinokusinceda ukuphatha iphothifoliyo yakho ngendlela evumela ukuba ulale ebusuku.