Mhlawumbi uye wakuva ukuba imali yokutshala imali kwimarike yamasheya yindlela efanelekileyo yokukhulisa ubutyebi bakho kwixesha elide. Kodwa oko kuyinyaniso kuphela ukuba uphepha iimpazamo - kwaye ngelishwa, ubuninzi bezenzo zakho zendalo zingabhubhisa kakhulu amandla akho okuba nesityebi kwimarike yemasheya.
Ngokomzekelo, sisetyenziselwe ukuphulaphula iindaba, landela isihlwele, kwaye sibalekele ukhuseleko xa ingozi ingekho - kodwa ezo zintengiselwano zingenza i-market market ibe yisiphakamiso esilahlekileyo. Nazi ezinye iimpazamo ezincinci ozifunayo ukuze ufunde ukuyeka ukuba ufuna ukwenza imali ekutyalomali lwakho.
1. Ukurhweba kakhulu
Xa uthenge ngakumbi kwaye uthengise imali yakho, ukhulula amathuba okulahlekelwa yimali. Ukuba utyalomali i-$ 10,000 kwi-S & P 500 ngo-1995 kwaye wahlala utyalomali ngo-2014, uza kuzuza i-9.85 yepesenti ngonyaka okanye i-59,593 yee-$. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uphoswa kwiintsuku ezilishumi ezilungileyo ngeli xesha leminyaka eli-19 ukubuyela kwakho bekuye kwawela kuma-6.1 epesenti. Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu emva koko, i-$ 10,000 yakho yokuqala yayiza ku-$ 30,803.
Ukukhawuleza kweemarike yisiphakamiso esilahlekelwayo, kwaye nokuba yinto engcono kakhulu ayinakuyiphumelela.
2. Ukulahla iMali
Ngaphambi kokuguqula idola elilodwa kumcebisi wezemali okanye kwingxowa-mali-mali, qonda iifizi.
Ewe, yonke i-fund inomrhumo wolawulo lotyalo-mali, ophakathi kwee-0.03 kwipesenti ukuya kwi-1.0%.
Iwebhusayithi ye-SEC.gov ichaza impembelelo yeemali eziphezulu kwiimali zakho, kodwa umzekelo: Yicinga ukuba ungumtyalo-mali onokuzimeleyo kwaye utyalomle ifa lakho le-100 000 lemali iminyaka engama-20 ngemali ebuyisela isilinganiso sama-4 ekhulwini ngonyaka.
Ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-20, utyalo-mali ohlawulisa umyinge we-1.0 yeepesenti uza kuxabisa i-$ 180,000. Utyalo-mali oluhlawulisa i-0.25 yeepesenti luya kuba yi-$ 210,000. Ukwahlukana kwama-30,000 wama-$ phakathi kweemali eziphezulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi!
Musa ukwenza iphutha lokuhlawula imali ephezulu. Unokufumana ulwahlulo olubanzi phakathi kweS & S 500 Index Fund (SWPPX) kwi-rock bottom.
3. Ukungabi Notyalo-mali okwaneleyo kwi-401 yakho (k) kwiNgibe yoMlingani woMqeshi
Ukuba umqeshi wakho ulingana nepesenti yenkxaso yakho kwi-401 yakho (k) okanye 403 (b), ngoko ulahlekelwa yimali ngaphandle kokuba ungafakanga. Abaqeshi abaninzi bafanisa isicwangciso sakho somhlala-phantsi somhlala-dollar-to-dollar ukuya kuma-5 ekhulwini. Ukuba ufumana i-$ 70,000 ngonyaka, ungatyala imali engama-$ 3,500 kwi-akhawunti yakho yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ayikuthi nje ukulahla ithuba lokukwakha i-akhawunti yomhlalaphantsi oqinileyo kodwa uxelela umqeshi wakho, "Andiyidingi imali yakho engama-3 500 musa ukuyigcina! "
4. Ukubeka utyalo-mali kwiiNgxelo ezingalunganga
Imirhumo idlala kwizigqibo ezininzi zezezimali, kwaye kuya kukubiza ukuba ufake iimpahla zakho zezimali kwiakhawunti engafanelekanga.
Emva kokuba udibanise u-401 (k) nomdlalo wakho, uhlawulela ukuba uhlakaniphe malunga nokuba luphi utyalo-mali oluya apho, njengoko utyalo-mali oluhlukeneyo luhlawulwa ngokukodwa.
Ukuba ukhangele utyalo-mali ukuba ufake i-akhawunti ehlawulisiweyo, kufuneka ukhangele kwiimpahla, iifowuni eziphantsi kwe-stock exchange funds, kunye nezibophezelo zikamasipala okulindele ukuba ubambe ixesha elide. Kungenxa yokuba i-stock income yakho ihlawulwa kwiirhafu zentengo-mali, ngokubanzi phantsi kwezinga eliqhelekileyo lokuhlawula irhafu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ulungele ukubeka izibophelelo, uhlawulwe njengemali engenayo ngokuqhelekileyo, kwiakhawunti yomhlala-phantsi ehlawulwa irhafu.
5. Ukuzama ukubetha iMarike
Ungazami ukubetha imarike, kuba amathuba kukuba awuyi kuba. Ukutshutshisa iziqhamo eziqhayisayo izicwangciso zokutshala imali akunakho ukuhlawula. Ngo-2015, iipesenti ezingama-66 zabaphathi bezemali abakwaziyo ukuhluleka ukubetha iimarike. Ukuba uyayithanda loo miqobo, cinga ukuba phakathi kuka-2005 no-2015, iipesenti ezingama-82 zabaphathi beengxowa-mali ezisebenzayo zahluleka ukubetha ukubuyela kwe-S & P 500.
Abatyalomali abakhulu abavela kuWarren Buffett ukuya ku-John Bogle iqela lokutshala imali kwixabiso elincinci, iimali zenkxaso-mali. Yaye kunye nedatha yeemakethe zembali yesigxina ivuselela iziphakamiso zokutyalomali ngokukhawuleza kwiimali zenkcazo.
Ukufumana isityebi kwimarike, khetha ulwabiwo-mali olunengqiqo, utyalo-mali kwi-index index ephantsi, kwaye ugweme ezi mpazamo zophuhliso. Awuyi kuba ngumzuzwana wobusuku, kodwa phezu kwexesha elide, uza kusekwa kwimpumelelo yemali.
UBarbara A. Friedberg ungumphathi wepotfoliyo kunye nomcebisi-mali weyunivesithi. Funda indlela yokuTyala kunye nokuPhumela iNkqubo kwiNcwadi yakhe.