Indlela yokwenza iindawo ezibonakalayo zeBlue Bubbles apha nakwamanye amazwe
Iimpawu ze-Bubble Bubble
Kule nqaku, siza kujonga kwiimpawu ezi-3 zeiblule ze-asethi kunye nendlela abatyali-mali abangayisebenzisa ngayo ukufumanisa indawo ezinokubakho iingxaki kwiimarike.
1. Ukuphakamisa amaxabiso ngaphandle kokuphucula izibonelelo
Uphawu lokuqala lokubhaliweyo lwebhola ye-asethi lukunyuka kwamaxabiso ngaphandle kokuphucula izinto ezisemgangathweni. Ngokomzekelo, ibhola le-dot-com yabona ukwandiswa ngokukhawuleza kwamanani amaninzi emvuzo phakathi kweenkampani ze-Intanethi. Zininzi zale nkampani zazingenanto yokufumana imali, kodwa yayala i-dollar yezigidi zeebhiliyoni. Olu hlobo lokungaxolisi ngokungenangqiqo kwenzalo yabatyalomali luphawu oluthile lweblue.
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banokufuna ukuqwalasela izikhombisi zezimali ukuba i-akhawunti yamanani kunye nokulinganiswa, njengomlinganiselo we -price-income-adjustment ("CAPE"). Amaxesha amaninzi, imarike ingasengozini yombhobho xa umlinganiselo we-CAPE uqala ngokugqithiseleyo, kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba oku akusoloko kunjalo.
Iirhafu zexabiso-mali zichaphazelekayo ngezinto ezinjengezinga lokungabikho kwemingcipheko kwezoqoqosho, ezinokutshintsha ngexesha elide, ezizimeleyo kwi-asethi ngokwazo.
2. Ukusetyenziswa ngamandla kweMithombo
Uphawu lwesibini lokutsalathisa ibhola ye-asethi kuyisebenzisa ngokugqithiseleyo ukuphakama-okanye ityala. Ngokomzekelo, ingxaki ye-mortgage subprime ka-2008 yabangelwa yinxalenye enkulu ebhankini ekubonelela abathengi ngetyala elingenakudla ngokufikelela kwimali elula.
Le ndlela yokunyusa ngokweqile ingavela ekuvelweni kwemali (njengemali-mboleko kuphela), imali engabizi (njengendawo ephantsi kwezinga lentengo), okanye ingozi yokuziphatha (xa umntu ekhuselekile engozini).
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe bafanele bajonge iimeko apho kukho ityala elingaphezulu. Ngokomzekelo, ilizwe eliye labona ukukhawuleka ngokukhawuleza kumlinganiselo we-debt-to-GDP lingaba mngciphekweni woqoqosho lwebhola ukuba uqoqosho lwayo lukhutshwa ngetyala. Kwinqanaba elincinci, abatyali-mali banokujonga ixabiso lesetyala elisetyenziselwa ukuthenga iintlobo ezithile zeempahla, ezifana nezindlu okanye iisitokethi, njengokuba kukho uphawu lokuba ibhola lingakhula intloko yalo.
3. Ukungenelela kwezopolitiko
Ubuninzi bamabhule e-asset bunokulandelwa kubabupolitika . Ngokomzekelo, iibhanki eziphambili ziyakhuthaza ukuboleka ngokugqithiseleyo ngexabiso elincinci lomrhumo okanye imimiselo yomgaqo-nkqubo inokudala izingozi zokuziphatha nokukhuthaza abantu ukuba bathathe ingozi enkulu. Ezi ntlobo zengozi zikhankanywe ngokukodwa kwizoqoqosho-ezilawulwa ngundoqo-njengamazwe omakominisi-kodwa zikhoyo kumazwe amaninzi athuthukileyo kunye-kuquka iMelika.
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe bafanele bajonge imigaqo-nkqubo yezopolitiko ezinokuthi zidale iibhola zexabiso kwaye zithathe ithuba lokuba zikhuphe utsalo-mali okanye zibandakanye nokuthengiswa okufutshane.
Ngokomzekelo, abalawuli baseTshayina bathatha amanyathelo amaninzi ukuze banxweme imakethe yemasheya ngo-2015 emva kokuphazamiseka, okungenzeka ukuba negalelo kwenye iinyanga eziphazamisayo emva koko. Imigaqo-nkqubo ye-Federal Reserve yemali elula ukusuka ngo-1987 ukuya ku-2006 inokuba negalelo kwi-bubble ye-estate e-US
Ukubikezela i-Asset Bubbles
Ukuqulunqwa kwemibhobho yempahla ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Nangona kulula ukubona ezinye zezibonakaliso zengxelo, kunzima kakhulu ukuqikelela ukuhla kwexabiso kunye naluphi na ukuchaneka kwexesha. AmaMakethi angakwazi ukuhlala angaphezu kweminyaka ngaphambi kokuba ahlasele eqinisweni, okwenza iindleko ezifutshane kunye neendleko eziphakamileyo kubaphathi-mali abasinde. Enyanisweni, uphando lubonisa ukuba abaninzi abatyali-mali bahamba phambili ekukhweleni ngokugqithisa kunokuzama ukuziphepha.
Oku kuthethi, ezinye iimarike zomhlaba wonke zilula ukubona iimbumba kunabanye kwaye abatyali-mali bangafuna ukulungelelanisa ukwabiwa kwabo kwee-asethi ukuphucula iiprofayili zengozi.
Ukunciphisa ingozi kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwiimbuyekezo, kodwa ezi zinto ziyakunceda ukuba umtyalo-mali ulindele ukudibanisa i-akhawunti ngexesha elikufutshane.
Ngaphantsi
Ubuncwane be-asethi bungaba nefuthe elikhulu kwiimbuyekezo zentengiso yehlabathi. Ngelixa kunokuba kunzima ukuqikelela, kukho ezinye izibonakaliso zokutsalwa kwabathengi abanokuzijonga ngexesha lophando lwabo. Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe bangathatha inyathelo lokwandisa okanye ukunciphisa ukubonakala kwabo kwiimarike ezithile ezixhomekeke kule miba, nangona uphando oluthile luchaza ukuba abatyali-mali bangabhekana nokuhamba ngokugqithiseleyo kwiibhola ezinjengexesha elide.