Isizathu sokuba Ufanele udibanise kwiiMakethe eziPhakamileyo
Kule nqaku, siza kujonga kwizinto ezine eziphambili ezichaphazela ukusebenza kweemarike ezikhulayo kunye noko bathethayo kubatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe.
Iimfuno zentengiso ephuhlisiweyo
Amazwe amaninzi athengisa iimvelisoke akhiqiza iimveliso kunye / okanye athengise inkonzo kwinkxaso yezoqoqosho. Ngokomzekelo, iChina yenze zonke iintlobo zeempahla kwi-United States naseYurophu , ngoxa i-Indiya iye yaba ngumkhokeli ohamba phambili weenkonzo zeteknoloji yolwazi. Ukunyuka kwezoqoqosho ekuphuhliseni kungabangela impembelelo embi kwiimarike ezikhulayo ezithembele kwiimfuneko zokuqinisa ukukhula koqoqosho.
Emva kweengxaki zemali ka-2008, amazwe amaninzi athuthukile ayenzima ukubuyela kumazinga okukhula okuqhelekileyo. Kodwa, izinto ekugqibeleni zijika. Iiprojekthi zeZizwe zeMali zeMali eziza kuthi umhlaba wonke uza kugqithisa ama-5 ekhulwini ngo-2017, omelela ukukhula okuqineleyo ukususela ngo-2011.
Oku kunokumisela ukuphela kwiminyaka yokukhula kwelizwe elibuthathaka kwaye ingaba yinto yokuguqula ukusebenza kweentengiso.
UkuSebenza koQoqosho lweNdlu
Amazwe amaninzi athengisa iimarike aqhutyelwa yimfuno yasekhaya kunokuba afune ukuthumela ngaphandle. Ngokomzekelo, i-akhawunti yokuthumela ngaphandle i-$ 260 yezigidigidi ze-India ezingama-2.45 trillion (umninimali) wezoqoqosho-okanye malunga neepesenti ezili-10 zalo mveliso.
Ngokuthelekiswa, i-$ 2.3 trillion ye-China ekuthengiseni i-akhawunti engaphezulu kwama-20 ekhulwini ye-11,8 trillion (u-olingene) wezoqoqosho. Imiba yasekhaya - njengokusetyenziswa kunye nezopolitiko - inempembelelo enkulu kula ma marike asakhulayo.
Amaxesha amaninzi, uqoqosho olusakhulayo lwezoqoqosho luvela kwi-economic-driven-driven-driven economy. Ukutshintsha kwe-China kuye kwathatha amazinga okukhula ukusuka kuma-12 ekhulwini ngonyaka ngonyaka we-2010 ukuya ngaphantsi kwama-7 ekhulwini ngo-2017. I-upshot kukuba ukukhula koqoqosho oluxhaswa ngabasekhaya kubonwa ngokubanzi kunokuba kuzinzile ngaphezu kokukhula okuxhomekeke kumazwe angaphandle kuba izinto zangaphandle. Kwaye, uqoqosho lwe-China luya kugcina luzinzile kule nqanaba.
Iimarike zeMarike yeMali
Amazwe amaninzi athengisa iimarike anokungaqinisekanga kwiimali zengingqi kwaye kufuneka akhuphe iitalente kwizibophelelo zeedola. Xa i-dollar yase-US iphakanyiswa, la matyala angabi ngendleko kwiinkonzo ezikhulayo ezifumana ingeniso kwimali yendawo. Ixabiso eliphezulu lee-dollar libonisa ukuba inzala ephezulu, enokuthi ibambe imali kwiimarike ezikhulayo kwaye yenza kube kubi kakhulu kwiimarike ezikhulayo ukuphakamisa i-capital capital.
Ukususela ngo-2011, idola lase-US liye lafumana isaphulelo esinamandla esiye sakhula kwi-market.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba le miba iye yaqala ukulungelelanisa ukusa phakathi kwe-2017-ukunyuka okunokukunceda ukukhuthaza amanye amashishini athengayo. Kakade ke, iimarike zemali zihlala zingalindelekanga kwixesha elifutshane kwaye ukunyuka kwamaxabiso e-US kunokukhokelela kwirejista enye xa ukunyuka kwexesha kuthatha ngokukhawuleza kunokuba kulindeleke.
Ukusebenza kwemveliso
Amazwe amaninzi athengisa iimarike aphuma kumazwe angaphandle avelisa izinto, nto leyo eyenza bavelele ukutshintshwa kwexabiso lemveliso. Ngokomzekelo, iRashiya yintengiso enkulu ye-gesi yendalo eya eYurophu naseBrazil ithumela ngaphandle i-iron-ore, i-soybean, ikhofi, kunye namafutha angcolileyo eChina nase-United States. Ukwehla kwezi zixhobo kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwingeniso eyenziwa ngamashishini karhulumente kunye namashishini abucala kula mazwe.
Ixabiso lentengo liye lawa ngokukhawuleza ukususela ngo-2011 ngenxa yokufunwa kweemarike ekupheleni kancinci, kodwa ukubuyiswa koqoqosho lwehlabathi jikelele kukhuthaza ngokukhawuleza imfuno.
Ukususela ngo-2016, iimpahla zensimbi ziye zafumana isaphulelo esibalulekileyo esincede iimarike ezininzi ezikhulayo. Ixabiso le-Copper kunye ne-palladium liye lalingamaqhawe amakhulu ngeli qingatha lokuqala lika-2017, eliye lancedisa ukunqanda ubuthathaka kwioli engcolileyo kunye nexabiso lentengo yegesi.
Ngaphantsi
Iimarike ezithuthukisayo zindlela enkulu yokujongana naliphi na iipotifoliyo kunye nokuqonda abaqhubi benkqubo yokusebenza abanokukunceda ixesha lokuthengisa. Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe abaneemarike ezivelayo ngokuqinisekileyo baye bavakalelwa ngempembelelo yokungaphumeleli kwabo ukususela ngo-2011, kodwa ezi ndlela zingaphinduka ngokukhawuleza njengoko uqoqosho lwase-United States luhlala luhamba. Abo bangenazo iimveliso zeemarike ezikhulayo bangathanda ukucinga ngokukongeza isigaba se-asethi njengoko ezi mveliso zidlala.