Indlela yokwakha iNgxowa-mali yelizwe lonke

Ukusebenzisa ii-ETF zamazwe ngamazwe ukwakha iPortfolio

Umtyalo-mali we-US wemali ugcina malunga ne-90% yepottoliyo kwiimpahla zezilwanyana zasemakhaya, ngokutsho kwe-NBER, nangona ezi zifuyo ezimele ngaphantsi kwesigamu sexabiso lemarike yehlabathi. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukungabikho kwemali yokuthengiselana ngamazwe ngamazwe ("ETFs") kunye neengxowa -mali ezidibeneyo ezenza ukuhlukahluka kwehlabathi jikelele kunzima okanye akunakwenzeka kumtyalo-mali, kodwa ezi ntsuku, akukho sizathu sokuthi "i-home bias" efana ezininzi iipotfoliyo zamasitokethi.

Kule ngqaku, siza kujonga indlela umtyalo-mali ophakathi angakha ngayo iphothifoliyo yehlabathi esebenzisa ii-ETF zexabiso eliphantsi, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezizenzekelayo.

Misela ulwabiwo lweeAfa

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwakheni iphothifoliyo yehlabathi jikelele ukuvavanya ukunyamezela kwakho kwengozi nokugqiba ukwabiwa kwefa . Ngokuxhomekeke ekunyamezeleni kwakho, unokulungisa utshintsho lwazo kwiiklasi ezithile zamashishini kunye nezibopheko ezingekho ngaphezulu kunezinye.

Abanini-mali abatyebileyo ngokuthatha ingozi enkulu banokukhetha ukwakha iphothifoliyo enamalungelo amaninzi kunye nezibhonkco ezimbalwa, ngelixa iimeko ezinobungozi ezingakumbi zifuna ukujonga ipesenteji enkulu ezinikele kwiibhondi. Ngokwamacandelo e-asethi, abatyali-mali abanokungcima banokufuna ukuqwalasela amasheya amancinci, iimarike ezikhulayo , kunye neebhonkco zenkampani, ngelixa abo basengozini yokuhlaselwa bangafuna i-stock-cap stocks, iimarike eziphuhlisiweyo kunye nezibophelelwano zikaRhulumente .

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobungozi bokuqwalasela. I- coefficient ye-beta yindlela eqhelekileyo yokulinganisa inani le-asethi ye-volatility-oko kukuthi, ixabiso lalo liphindaphinda kangakanani ixesha. Ngokubanzi, ixabiso eliphezulu le-beta coefficient libonisa ukuba utyalo-mali lunokumelana nexabiso eliphantsi. Abatyalomali kufuneka baqwalasele nezinto ezinobungozi bokuziphatha - njengengozi ye- geopolitical kunye nokulinganiswa kweekhonkco - ngaphezu kokujonga iindlela ezinobungozi.

Ukufumana ii-ETF ezifanelekileyo

Isinyathelo sesibini ekwakheni iphothifoliyo yehlabathi lichaza i-ETF ezilungileyo zelizwe nakwihlabathi jikelele ukuzakhela ezi zinto. Nangona ixabiso le-ETF yexabiso lokubaluleka kubalulekile ukuba liqwalasele, kukho ezinye zezinye izinto ezingafanelekanga.

Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo ziquka:

• Ukulinganiswa kweendleko - Ukulinganiswa kweendleko ezincinci zikhethwayo kuba zizenzele ngokukhawuleza ukubuyiswa kwembuyekezo ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokunciphisa iindleko. Ngokubanzi, iVanguard kunye noCharles Schwab zibhekwa njengenkokeli kwi-ETF eziphantsi kweendleko.
• Iimpahla / iLiquidity - Ezinye ze-ETF azinawo umthamo wokuthengisa, ongenza kube nzima ukuthenga nokuthengisa ngexabiso elifanelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abatyali-mali kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba ii-ETs zithengisa urhwebo inani elaneleyo lezabelo ngosuku.
• Izibambiso - I-ETF ehlukeneyo ineemithetho ezahlukileyo ezilawula izitokisi okanye iibhondi abazibambayo, kunye nemithetho yokubambisana neengxowa okanye i-indexing, ezinokuthi zibe nomthelela omkhulu kwizinga lazo kunye nezantsi.

Abatyalomali banokufumana yonke le ngcaciso ngokundwendwela iiwebhusayithi kunye neengxowa-mali zokufunda. Ngokomzekelo, ii-ETFs zeVanguard zichazwe kwiwebhusayithi yayo kunye neShares ETFs zichazwe kwiwebhusayithi yayo.

Kubalulekile ukuba ufunde ngokucokisekileyo le ncwadi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo yonke inkcazelo abayidingayo ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi.

Ukwakha & ukubuyisana

Isinyathelo sesithathu ekwakheni iphothifoliyo yehlabathi libala inani lamasheya okuthengwa ukufezekisa ulwabiwo-mali oluchanekileyo, uqinisekise inkunzi eyaneleyo yokunciphisa iindleko zekhomishini , kwaye ngokwenene wenze ukuthenga ukwakha iphothifoliyo.

Abatyalomali kufuneka baqale ngokuphindaphinda imali yabo yokuqala ngepesenti yesabelo ngasinye kwaye bahlule inani leedola ngenani ngalinye ngesahlulo ngasinye ukufumana inani lezabelo zokuthenga kwi-ETF nganye. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abatyali-mali kufuneka bazame ukunciphisa ukugcinwa kwabo kwi-ETF phakathi kwe-8 kunye ne-15 ukwenzela ukunciphisa iindleko ezinxulumene nokuthengwa nokuthengisa, kunye nokugcina isicwangciso sabo esilula kunokuba senzeke nzima.

Emva kokuba iphothifoliyo yenziwe, abatyali-mali banokufumana ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuphindaphinda ngezikhathi ezithile ukugcinwa kweefowthifoliyo ukwenzela ukuba kugcinwe ukwabiwa kwempahla efanayo. Ngokomzekelo, iimarike ezikhulayo zikwazi ukugqitha kwiinyanga eziliqela kwaye zibambe isikhundla esiphezulu kwipotifoliyo, eyandisa ingozi kwipotfoliyo. Abatyalomali bangafuna ukuthengisa ezinye zezo ndawo kunye nokutshala imali kwiimarike eziphuhlisiweyo ukwenzela ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Amaphuzu athathweyo

• Umtyalo-mali waseMelika unesabelo esikhulu sekhaya, esinokubeka iingeniso zabo engozini xa iimarike zasekhaya zenza kakubi.
• Abatyalomali banokudala kalula iipotifoliyo zehlabathi jikelele ngokulandela amanyathelo amancinci okanye ngokusebenzisa izisombululo ezizenzekelayo ezifana nePropati yeMpahla okanye iNgcaciso.